L’agriculture irriguée dans le delta de l’Amou Darya à la fin du XIXe et au début du XXe siècle

Depuis des siècles, les Karakalpaks font de l’agriculture dans les deltas de l’Asie centrale, à savoir dans le delta du Syr Darya depuis le XVIIe siècle et dans celui de l’Amou Darya dès le milieu du XVIIIe siècle. Cette agriculture a été pratiquée tout d’abord sur des terres naturellement submersibles, aux bords des nombreux lacs et défluents de ces régions. Les fouilles archéologiques témoignent de ce que les Karakalpaks savaient aussi creuser des canaux, choisir les endroits propices à la ..

The Complex of Mausoleums at the Village of Lapas: on the question of site attribution

The purpose of the study: The paper presents the results of comprehensive archaeological studies on the largest necropolis of the Golden Horde elite in the Ulus of Jochi – Lapas complex of mausoleums. A critical analysis of the information from written sources, materials, obtained during the studies in 1995-1997 and archaeological works on the Lapas complex in 2018-2022, were carried out. Research materials: The materials of topographic works carried out by the Volga Archaeological Expedition IA RAS in 1995-1997 and the data of decryption of remote sensing of the Earth, got by specialists of the Progress Rocket Space Centre in 2013, were used. The results of magnetometric and geodetic studies, conducted at the Lapas complex of mausoleums in 2018-2022, are presented. The results of the first archaeological excavation, conducted in order to study the stratigraphy and planography of the buried site (mausoleum No. 1), are shown. The analysis of the numismatic collection from the site is presented. Results and scientific novelty: Interdisciplinary research, held on the Lapas mausoleum complex, including topographic, geophysical, geodetic and archaeological works, allowed to make a number of assumptions and conclusions about the time of creation, activity and destruction of the complex, its general structure and design features, the potential of the archaeological site, its role and significance in the culture of the Golden Horde. The presented scientific research is pioneering, as earlier comprehensive studies of such level on archaeological sites of the Golden Horde period were not conducted

Experience Of The International Cooperation of the Archaeological Institute named after A.Kh. Khalikov TAS with Scientific Organizations of Uzbekistan in 2022-2023

The Institute of Archaeology named after A.Kh. Khalikov of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences has been actively cooperating with scientific centres and universities of the Republic of Uzbekistan since 2022. One of the fields of cooperation is the implementation of the scientific and educational project "Bolgar International Archaeological School". The support of the International Institute for Central Asian Studies (Samarkand, Uzbekistan) and the successful implementation of the scientific and educational project served as the beginning of closer and fruitful cooperation. In March 2023, jointly with Termez State University, an interdisciplinary study of the archaeological heritage site "Palace of Termezshahs", dating from the XI–XII centuries, was carried out. In May-June 2023, archaeological studies were conducted together with the Nukus State Pedagogical Institute named after Ajiniyaz on the Khaivan-Kala fortified settlement of the VII–X centuries. Within the scientific and educational cooperation at Termez State University, specialists of the Institute of Archaeology named after A.Kh. Khalikov RT implemented an additional professional training programme "Geoinformation technologies and non-destructive methods"

Rehabilitation after COVID-19. Resolution of the International Expert Council of the Eurasian Association of Therapists and the Russian Society of Cardiology

By the middle of 2021, the official global number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients was close to 230 million, but the number accounting for asymptomatic patients was much higher. Consequences and rehabilitation after COVID-19 are of particular interest and raise many controversial and unresolved issues. On May 18, 2021, the Eurasian Association of Therapists organized an international panel of experts to analyze challenges associated with the post-COVID-19 period. This panel aimed to develop approaches to identify gaps in the discussed issues. This interdisciplinary team of leading experts reviewed the current literature and presented their data to formulate practical guidance on management of patients after COVID-19. The panel of experts also presented recommendations on how to implement the gained knowledge into health care practices

Clinical features of post-COVID-19 period. Results of the international register “Dynamic analysis of comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 survivors (AKTIV SARS-CoV-2)”. Data from 6-month follow-up

Aim. To study the clinical course specifics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and comorbid conditions in COVID-19 survivors 3, 6, 12 months after recovery in the Eurasian region according to the AKTIV register. Material and methods.The AKTIV register was created at the initiative of the Eurasian Association of Therapists. The AKTIV register is divided into 2 parts: AKTIV 1 and AKTIV 2. The AKTIV 1 register currently includes 6300 patients, while in AKTIV 2 — 2770. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 receiving in- and outpatient treatment have been anonymously included on the registry. The following 7 countries participated in the register: Russian Federation, Republic of Armenia, Republic of Belarus, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Republic of Moldova, Republic of Uzbekistan. This closed multicenter register with two nonoverlapping branches (in- and outpatient branch) provides 6 visits: 3 in-person visits during the acute period and 3 telephone calls after 3, 6, 12 months. Subject recruitment lasted from June 29, 2020 to October 29, 2020. Register will end on October 29, 2022. A total of 9 fragmentary analyzes of the registry data are planned. This fragment of the study presents the results of the post-hospitalization period in COVID-19 survivors after 3 and 6 months. Results. According to the AKTIV register, patients after COVID-19 are characterized by long-term persistent symptoms and frequent seeking for unscheduled medical care, including rehospitalizations. The most common causes of unplanned medical care are uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) and chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or decompensated type 2 diabetes (T2D). During 3- and 6-month follow-up after hospitalization, 5,6% and 6,4% of patients were diagnosed with other diseases, which were more often presented by HTN, T2D, and CAD. The mortality rate of patients in the post-hospitalization period was 1,9% in the first 3 months and 0,2% for 4-6 months. The highest mortality rate was observed in the first 3 months in the group of patients with class II-IV heart failure, as well as in patients with cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In the pattern of death causes in the post-hospitalization period, following cardiovascular causes prevailed (31,8%): acute coronary syndrome, stroke, acute heart failure. Conclusion. According to the AKTIV register, the health status of patients after COVID-19 in a serious challenge for healthcare system, which requires planning adequate health system capacity to provide care to patients with COVID-19 in both acute and post-hospitalization period

Karakalpaks et autres gens de l’Aral : entre rivages et déserts

La mer d’Aral est aujourd’hui célèbre pour être l’épicentre d’une catastrophe écologique, due aux ponctions excessives opérées sur les cours d’eau qui la desservent, notamment sur l’Amou Darya qui y aboutit par un vaste delta. Ce qui est moins connu est le sort des gens dont la vie est étroitement liée à cette mer. Le présent volume des Cahiers d’Asie centrale cherche à rétablir un équilibre entre les dimensions écologiques et les dimensions humaines de cette catastrophe. La région du delta a attiré au cours des siècles de nombreuses populations qui s’y côtoient sans toujours se mélanger. C’est une ancienne zone de contacts entre Iraniens et Turks, entre sédentaires et nomades, entre gens de fleuves et de déserts ; c’est là que passe une frontière linguistique très importante : celle entre parlers turks occidentaux et parlers turks orientaux. La zone garde encore de nos jours toute sa complexité : y vivent, côte à côte, quatre ethnies turkes – Karakalpaks, Ouzbeks, Kazaks et Turkmènes - dont chacune développe ses propres stratégies d’insertion communautaire et de revendications identitaires. De ces quatre ethnies, ce sont les Karakalpaks qui ont retenu notre attention cette fois. Les Karakalpaks occupent une place particulière parmi les Turks : dès le XVIIe siècle, ils pratiquent une agriculture, tantôt sur terres submersibles tantôt sur terres irriguées, qui leur permet de mettre en valeur successivement les deux grands deltas de la région - celui du Syr Darya au XVIIe siècle puis celui de l’Amou Darya à partir du XVIIIe siècle. Ces deltas, faut-il le rappeler, donnent de la peine à ceux qui s’y aventurent et ont du mal à retenir des populations. Les Karakalpaks s’y attachent. A travers les contributions des différents auteurs qui participent au présent volume nous présentons le passé et le présent d’un petit peuple turkophone remarquable par sa résistance aux conditions naturelles éprouvantes de la région et par sa persistance à côté des voisins démographiquement plus importants

Karakalpaks et autres gens de l’Aral : entre rivages et déserts

La mer d’Aral est aujourd’hui célèbre pour être l’épicentre d’une catastrophe écologique, due aux ponctions excessives opérées sur les cours d’eau qui la desservent, notamment sur l’Amou Darya qui y aboutit par un vaste delta. Ce qui est moins connu est le sort des gens dont la vie est étroitement liée à cette mer. Le présent volume des Cahiers d’Asie centrale cherche à rétablir un équilibre entre les dimensions écologiques et les dimensions humaines de cette catastrophe. La région du delta a attiré au cours des siècles de nombreuses populations qui s’y côtoient sans toujours se mélanger. C’est une ancienne zone de contacts entre Iraniens et Turks, entre sédentaires et nomades, entre gens de fleuves et de déserts ; c’est là que passe une frontière linguistique très importante : celle entre parlers turks occidentaux et parlers turks orientaux. La zone garde encore de nos jours toute sa complexité : y vivent, côte à côte, quatre ethnies turkes – Karakalpaks, Ouzbeks, Kazaks et Turkmènes - dont chacune développe ses propres stratégies d’insertion communautaire et de revendications identitaires. De ces quatre ethnies, ce sont les Karakalpaks qui ont retenu notre attention cette fois. Les Karakalpaks occupent une place particulière parmi les Turks : dès le XVIIe siècle, ils pratiquent une agriculture, tantôt sur terres submersibles tantôt sur terres irriguées, qui leur permet de mettre en valeur successivement les deux grands deltas de la région - celui du Syr Darya au XVIIe siècle puis celui de l’Amou Darya à partir du XVIIIe siècle. Ces deltas, faut-il le rappeler, donnent de la peine à ceux qui s’y aventurent et ont du mal à retenir des populations. Les Karakalpaks s’y attachent. A travers les contributions des différents auteurs qui participent au présent volume nous présentons le passé et le présent d’un petit peuple turkophone remarquable par sa résistance aux conditions naturelles éprouvantes de la région et par sa persistance à côté des voisins démographiquement plus importants

International register “Dynamics analysis of comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 survivors” (AKTIV) and the register “Analysis of hospitalizations of comorbid patients infected during the second wave of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak” (AKTIV 2)

The organizer of the registers “Dynamics analysis of comorbidities in SARSCoV-2 survivors” (AKTIV) and “Analysis of hospitalizations of comorbid patients infected during the second wave of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak” (AKTIV 2) is the Eurasian Association of Therapists (EAT). Currently, there are no clinical registries in the Eurasian region designed to collect and analyze information on long-term outcomes of COVID-19 survivors with comorbid conditions. The aim of the register is to assess the impact of a novel coronavirus infection on long-term course of chronic non-communicable diseases 3, 6, 12 months after recovery, as well as to obtain information on the effect of comorbidity on the severity of COVID-19. Analysis of hospitalized patients of a possible second wave is planned for register “AKTIV 2”. To achieve this goal, the register will include men and women over 18 years of age diagnosed with COVID-19 who are treated in a hospital or in outpatient basis. The register includes 25 centers in 5 federal districts of the Russian Federation, centers in the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Moldova, and the Republic of Uzbekistan. The estimated capacity of the register is 5400 patients

International register “Dynamics analysis of comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 survivors” (AKTIV SARS-CoV-2): analysis of predictors of short-term adverse outcomes in COVID-19

The international AKTIV register presents a detailed description of out- and inpatients with COVID-19 in the Eurasian region. It was found that hospitalized patients had more comorbidities. In addition, these patients were older and there were more men than among outpatients. Among the traditional risk factors, obesity and hypertension had a significant negative effect on prognosis, which was more significant for patients 60 years of age and older. Among comorbidities, CVDs had the maximum negative effect on prognosis, and this effect was more significant for patients 60 years of age and older. Among other comorbidities, type 2 and 1 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer and anemia had a negative impact on the prognosis. This effect was also more significant (with the exception of type 1 diabetes) for patients 60 years and older. The death risk in patients with COVID-19 depended on the severity and type of multimorbidity. Clusters of diseases typical for deceased patients were identified and their impact on prognosis was determined. The most unfavorable was a cluster of 4 diseases, including hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and diabetes mellitus. The data obtained should be taken into account when planning measures for prevention (vaccination priority groups), treatment and rehabilitation of COVID-19 survivors