The collective information privacy on social networking sites

With surprising evolution over the past decade, different numbers of social networking sites (SNSs) have created an obligation in the everyday lives of their users and modified the modes of social interaction into content-sharing activities arising the concern toward the group and individual privacy. Drawing from the theory of multilevel information privacy, this study investigates the determinants behind the perception of collective information privacy norm (IPN) and how the perceived psychological ownership affects the individual’s decision to disclose or disguise group-created content. More specifically, we aim to explain how users arrive at the decision to share content, including others, considering their tie strength, the user’s salient identity while in the group, and group characteristics (formal, informal). Our research contributes to the Information Systems and privacy literature by delineating group behavior among virtual communities

Brain on FIRES: Super Refractory Seizure in a 7 year Old Boy

How to Cite This Article: Tavasoli AR, Gharib B, Alizadeh H, Farshadmoghaddam H, Memarian S, Ashrafi MR, Sharifzade M. Brain on FIRES: Super refractory seizure in a 7 year old boy. Iran J Child Neurol. Autumn 2016; 10(4):80-85.AbstractWe present a 7 year old boy afflicted with super-refractory seizure that responded poorly to antiepileptic drugs and sustained a long course of hospitalization and complications of high doses of medications as well as longstanding stay in hospital. The differential diagnoses were, fever-induced refractory epileptic encephalopathy (FIRES), and infectious and autoimmune encephalitis.However, work-ups had not revealed any evidence of any specific diagnosis, so we assumed that he was afflicted by viral infectious encephalitis as he had, fever, vomiting, and prodromal symptoms of infectious (most probably viral) disease prior to onset of the seizure attacks. References1. William H. Theodore, Epilepsy and Viral Infections, Epilepsy Currents, Vol. 14, No. 1 Supplement 2014 pp. 35–422. Rima Nabbout, AnnamariaVezzani, Olivier Dulac, Catherine Chiron. Acute encephalopathy with inflammation-mediated status epilepticus. Lancet Neurol 2011; 10: 99–108.3. Uri Kramer, Ching-Shiang Chi, Kuang-Lin Lin, Nicola Specchio, Mustafa Sahin, Heather Olson, Rima Nabbout, Gerhard Kluger, Jainn-Jim Lin, Andreas van Baalen. Febrile infection–related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES): Pathogenesis, treatment, and outcome, A multicenter study on 77 children. Epilepsia ; 201152(11):1956–1965.4. Yael Hacohen, Sukhvir Wright, Patrick Waters, Shakti Agrawal, Lucinda Carr, Helen Cross et al. Paediatric autoimmune encephalopathies: clinical features, laboratory investigations and outcomes in patients with or without antibodies to known central nervous system autoantigens. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012;0:1–8.5. Pedro J, Serrano-Castro, Pablo Quiroga-Subirana, Manuel Payan-Ortiz, Javier Fernandez-Perez. The expanding spectrum of febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES). Seizure 22 (2013), 153-155.6. R Kneen BD, Michael E, Menson B, Mehta A, Easton C, Hemingway PE, Klapper A, Vincent M, Lim E, Carrol T. Solomon, On behalf of the National Encephalitis Guidelines Development and Stakeholder Groups. Management of suspected viral encephalitis in children e Association of British Neurologists and British Paediatric Allergy Immunology and Infection Group National Guidelines. J Infect 2012; 64, 449-477.7. Raoul Sutter, Stephan Rüegg. Refractory Status Epilepticus: Epidemiology, Clinical Aspects and Management of a Persistent Epileptic Storm. Epileptologie 2012; 29: 186 – 193.8. Simon Shorvon. Super-refractory status epilepticus: An approach to therapy in this difficult clinical situation. Epilepsia, 52(Suppl. 8):53–56, 2011.9. Mustafa AM, Salih Heba Y, El Khashab Hamdy H, Hassan Amal Y. Kentab, Sara S. Al Subaei, Radwan M. Zeidan, Mohammed N. Al-Nasser, Saleh A. Othman. A Study on Herpes Simplex Encephalitis in 18 Children, Including 3 Relapses. Open Pediatr Med J 2009, 3, 48-57.10. Thais Armangue, Josep O. Dalmau. Autoimmune Encephalitis. In: Robert M. Kliegman, Bonita F. Stanton, Joseph W. St. Geme III, Nina F. Schor, Richard E. Behrman, et al, editors. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 20th Edition. Philadelphia, United States of America: Saunders; 2016: p. 2905-2910

The Association between Neonatal Icterus or Neonatal Phototherapy and the Likelihood of Childhood Asthma among Iranian Children

Background: There might be a close link between neonatal icterus and/or neonatal phototherapy and childhood asthma. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between neonatal icterus and/or phototherapy and the likelihood of childhood asthma among Iranian population. Materials and Methods The present case-control study was performed on 102 consecutive asthmatic children hospitalized at Children’s Medical Center, Tehran, Iran. Asthma was diagnosed by a pediatric asthma and allergy specialist based on clinical manifestations and/or spirometry results for children older than 5 years. A total of 113 sex and age-matched children without asthma who were admitted to other wards during the same period of time were selected as the control group. Data were collected by a researcher-made checklist including data regarding participants’ age, gender, and gestational age, history of neonatal icterus and history and duration of phototherapy, filled by participants’ parents/guardians. Results: There was a significant difference between cases and controls with respect to preterm birth, history of phototherapy and duration of phototherapy. History of icterus was not associated with childhood asthma. In the multivariable logistic regression model, both history of phototherapy (P=0.029), and duration of phototherapy (P=0.03) were considered as determinants for occurrence of childhood asthma. Conclusion According to the results, history of neonatal icterus was not associated with childhood asthma, but history and duration of phototherapy were both determinants of childhood asthma

Rectal adenocarcinoma in an 9 year old girl. A case report

Rectal adenocarcinoma is rare in children. The patient described here is a 9-year-old girl who presented with rectorrhagia. Her problem started 3 months ago and she had been treated for infectious diarrhea. A colonoscopy was performed 3 months after the onset of symptoms and a non-pedunculated polyp in the rectum was noted and resected. After the colonoscopy signs and symptoms of peritonitis developed and in laparotomy a rectal perforation was noted and a biopsy from rectal mucosa was taken. The result of biopsy was adenocarcinoma. Then a low anterior resection of rectum with protective ileostomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy was performed. During a 15 month follow-up the patient had no problems and no clinical, radiological or laboratory signs or symptoms of recurrence was found. However rectal adenocarcinoma is rare but it should be considered in the differentialdiagnosis of intestinal problems

A Pathology of Economic Support with Focus On Financial Assistance for Social Workers in Medical Centers

One of the most important responsibilities of social workers is economic support of the needy patients based on professional evaluation and diagnosis. The present research is a qualitative contractual content analysis. Data was collected from 18 social workers of the headquarters, universities of medical sciences, and medical centers, following focused group discussion (FGD) method with multiple-question design. The findings obtained from analyzing the codes, subcategories, and themes/category were grouped as poor intra-organizational cooperation and collaboration and irresponsible inter-organizational challenges influential on the discount topic. The inter-organizational dimension involved topics such as the weakness of hospital HIS system, interference of others in recording the discounts, poor instructions, occupation of social work posts by graduates of other majors, poor documentation, lack of personnel and facilities, lack balance between the authorities and responsibilities, and the unfamiliarity of health workers with the nature of social work. The inter-organizational dimension included the poor performance of other supporting organizations, growing social paths and undocumented immigrants, insurance role, lack of attention to some of the vulnerable groups, imposed expenses, growing visits to public hospitals, and the culture of using public resources. According to the findings of the study, different factors influence the amount and type of the economic support that the social workers provide for the needy patients and this fact imposes a great expense into the healthcare system of the country. On the other hand, it has deprofessionalized the social work profession and created a negative and low level perception towards it in the society

Three Essays on Collective Privacy and Information Security

In Essay 1, we seek to expand the insights on an individual's decision to share group content. Social networking sites (SNS) have become a ubiquitous means of socializing in the digital age. Using a survey, we collected data from 520 respondents with corporate work experience to test our research model. Our analysis highlights the complex interplay between individual and group factors that shape users' risk-benefit analysis of sharing group content on social networking sites. Furthermore, the results of this study have important implications for social networking site design and policy, particularly with regard to providing granular control over the privacy settings of group content and clear and concise information about the potential risks and benefits of sharing group content. Essay 2 aims to extend the knowledge of information security policy (ISP) compliance. Using a comprehensive approach, we extended the perspective of control mechanisms in the context of ISPs. It is evident that maintaining information security is an important concern for organizations of all sizes and industries. Organizations can establish policies and procedures to regulate and ensure compliance with information security policies, and various control mechanisms can be employed to ensure compliance. Among these control mechanisms, enforcement, punishment, evaluation, and recognition have been identified as important factors that influence information security policy compliance. In Essay 3, we delve deep into the current digital era and the reality of individuals becoming particularly vulnerable to privacy breaches. In the third essay, we offer a thorough examination of existing literature to gain insight into the disparities between users' stated privacy concerns and their actual information-sharing behavior. Our analysis reveals that, in addition to technological and environmental factors, cultural and personal differences significantly contribute to the paradoxical behavior observed among individuals. Utilizing the S-O-R (stimulus-organism-response) framework, we emphasize the necessity of examining the intricate interplay between technological aspects, individual attributes, and environmental factors in order better to understand the complexities of individuals' privacy decision-making processes. By addressing these factors and their interactions, we can develop more effective strategies to improve individuals' privacy awareness, decision-making, and overall online experiences. This will ultimately create more secure and privacy-respecting digital communities for users with various characteristics

Preferential expression of CD200 and Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Relapse

Background & Objectives: Defect in Immune responses, such as immunosuppression is one of the major causes of AML pathogenesis and progression which could be targeted for immunotherapy of these patients. CD200 and IDO are immunoregulatory factors which are overexpressed in some solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Distinct researches have shown that CD200 and IDO expressions are associated with AML progression. In the current study, we simultaneously examined the expression of these molecules, as the two important factors including in immunosuppression, in the newly diagnosed and relapse AML patients to investigate their correlation with each other. Methods: In this study, 48 Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) samples of newly diagnosed and relapsed AML patients were tested and also 32 PBMCs of normal subjects were employed as normal controls. CD200 expression level was examined on the cells by Flowcytometry and quantitative real time RT-PCR was used to determine the IDO-1 gene expression. Finally data were analyzed statistically by Spss 17 software. Results: Our data showed that CD200 (P=0.02) and IDO-1 (P=0.44) were overexpressed in AML samples especially in relapsed patients. Comparison between FAB AML subgroups demonstrated no statistical differences regarding CD200 level but expression of IDO-1 was slightly increased only in M4 subgroup in comparison to M3 (P=0.01). Correlation analyses showed strong association between the expressions of CD200 and IDO-1 in all patients particularly in relapsed AML, whereas no significant correlation was found in normal subjects.   Conclusion: According to the role and overexpression of CD200 and IDO-1 in AML patients and also their two-way correlation with T-reg lymphocytes in disease induction and progression, simultaneous assessment of these parameters are so valuable for more exact prognosis detection. Also inhibition of all these immunoregulatory pathways could be so useful for immunotherapy outcome, especially in relapsed AML

Information System Discipline, A Leader or A Follower?

The history of information systems as an academic discipline is relatively recent compared to other business and management disciplines. Nevertheless, during that short period, information systems have been established and accepted as a uniquely identifiable research field and demonstrated maturity in many aspects. For example, the Associate for Information Systems (AIS), the premier professional organization for the discipline founded in 1994, has grown to have more than 4,000 members in over 90 countries in 2018 (AIS Annual Report 2018). It publishes nine academic journals and sponsors six affiliated journals, and hosts five international and regional conferences. The IS field has also witnessed an exponential growth of academic journals and articles published in these journals. According to the journal data analysis reported in the Australian Business Deans Council (ABDC) Journal Quality List, one of the most widely used academic business publication indices, there were 20 journals classified as IS (Field of Research Code 806 by ABDC) in 1990. In 2012 the number grew to 177, significantly more than the number of journals classified as marketing (139), a comparable discipline to IS in nature and history to IS. While these facts all point to the maturity of the field of IS, there are still lingering questions as to the current state of IS as an academic field, particularly concerning the role and contribution to the business and IT community. The IS discipline\u27s applied, and interdisciplinary nature demands constant and ongoing assessment of its relationship to the business community. This issue has been vigorously discussed and debated in the form of Rigor vs. Relevance (Straub & Ang, 2011). It is often criticized for lacking a coherent research foundation and direction theoretically sound and yet practical and relevant to the practicing industry (Ramiller, Swanson, and Wang, 2008). Without such a foundation and leadership, the field could drift aimlessly. Baskerville and Myers(2009) attempted to describe the trend, and the relationship between IS research and practices using the concept of Fashion Waves to capture the sudden surge of interest and followed by a loss of interest, IS topics demonstrated by researchers and practitioners. Using a bibliographic research method, they attempted to uncover the relationship between the research community and the practitioner community along with the noted fashion trends. They suggested that despite some similar trends between the two communities, the IS research community must be more proactively engaged in the process of trendsetting. Building upon Baskerville and Myers (2009), this study investigates if and how the IS research community sets the fashion trends to lead and guide the practitioner community

Sense of Leadership Affects Problematic Video Gaming

Following the emergence of the Internet, online video games, have become a fast-growing trend among adolescents. Among all the IT-related activities, The hedonic use of video games has resulted in non-substance addictions (Charlton & Danforth, 2010; Huh & Bowman, 2008). The video games have been designed to operate in a simulated open-world space, engaging multiplayer from all around the world and paving the way for real-time gaming. Among adolescents, the number of players who are using online video games in a problematic way is considerable (Kowert et al., 2015; Van Reijmersdal et al., 2010). while the problematic use of video games raised concern among the parents and officials, On May 25, 2019, WHO officially voted to adopt the latest edition of its International Classification of Diseases (ICD) to include an entry on gaming disorder as a behavioral addiction (World Health Organization, 2018). Such a classification highlights the importance of identifying the factors affecting an underage player to demonstrate problematic behavior in the context of online video games. Although not all online games are addictive or harmful, some games, including many massively multiplayer online games, can be addiction-prone owing to their interaction and competition (Barnett & Coulson, 2010; Liu & Peng, 2009). These features give such games a social aspect that may be missing from offline activities and make it difficult to stop playing (Young, 2010). As such, excessive use of online video games and addiction to them have become common and may result in many harmful psychological and physical damages, including social isolation, lack of sleep, and deterioration of academic performance, specifically in young adults. Games also impact players’ motivation due to their uncertain outcomes and the focus on a goal, providing a sense of challenge for players. This is fed by the opportunities to explore and discover new information and solutions (Bonk & Dennen, 2005). The motivational power of gaming was mentioned by educators Bowman (1982) and Yee (2006)found that players have a wide array of varied motivations to play and interact with others in their studies of player motivations in massively multiplayer online role-playing games. According to Game-Based Learning theory, the learning occurs predominantly due to the game played by developing mechanics like role-playing, achievement, competition, and reward system (Kapp, 2012). Through this process, the players develop and improve their leadership skills in the context of video games. However, we argue that role-playing and competition-award mechanism may lead to demonstrate excessive video gaming. Therefore, our research question is: “How and why the players\u27 sense of leadership is associated with problematic video gaming?” After defining survey questionnaires, we will collect the data and use SmartPLS (Ringle et al., 2005) and SPSS to analyze the data