Function of neutrophils in nonphlogogenetic reaction

Clinically nonphlogogenetic phagocyte reaction under conditions of bacterial challenge was studied in vivo. The "mission" of phagocytes under such conditions is completed by evacuation of phagocytized bacteria from the site of capture into the blood and then into the intestine. The purulent process induced by massive doses of Staphylococcus aureus (25 x 10(6) and 25 x 10(8) bacteria), without any concomitant injury to the peritoneum does not lead to the development of inflammation

Ultrastructural analysis of interactions of staphylococci with mono- and polynuclear phagocytes in nonphlogogenic and phlogogenic reaction

Antibacterial activity of neutrophils and peritoneal macrophages toward massive doses of Staphylococcus aureus is studied in vivo. Two types of antibacterial response are revealed: non-phlogogenic (physiological) and phlogogenic (inflammatory). Nonphlogogenic reaction is characterized by pronounced antibacterial effect of phagocytes on cocci. Transition to phlogogenic response is accompanied by impaired function of phagocytes involving their self-destruction and disintegration, which decreases their antibacterial activity and promotes inflammation. ©1998 Plenum Publishing Corporation

Non-inflammatory form of neutrophil antibacterial response

According to the Mechnikov theory inflammation is the only form of the protective-adaptive response of phagocytes and phagocytosis is its essence. High doses of Staphylococcus aureus (25×106 and 25×108 bacteria) in the absence of additional peritoneal damage do not produce the inflammation. The organism of the highest animals possess non-phlogogenic mechanisms of protection against bacteria when the phagocyte function is not the destruction of bacteria but their catching and transportation to the intestinal lumen

Non-inflammatory form of neutrophil antibacterial response

According to the Mechnikov theory inflammation is the only form of the protective-adaptive response of phagocytes and phagocytosis is its essence. High doses of Staphylococcus aureus (25×106 and 25×108 bacteria) in the absence of additional peritoneal damage do not produce the inflammation. The organism of the highest animals possess non-phlogogenic mechanisms of protection against bacteria when the phagocyte function is not the destruction of bacteria but their catching and transportation to the intestinal lumen

Function of neutrophils in nonphlogogenetic reaction

Clinically nonphlogogenetic phagocyte reaction under conditions of bacterial challenge was studied in vivo. The "mission" of phagocytes under such conditions is completed by evacuation of phagocytized bacteria from the site of capture into the blood and then into the intestine. The purulent process induced by massive doses of Staphylococcus aureus (25 x 10(6) and 25 x 10(8) bacteria), without any concomitant injury to the peritoneum does not lead to the development of inflammation

ОЦЕНКА ПОСЛЕДСТВИЙ УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ НИКОТИНСОДЕРЖАЩИХ АЭРОЗОЛЕЙ В РАЗНЫХ ТОКСИЧЕСКИХ ДОЗАХ НА ФУНКЦИИ ВЫСШЕЙ НЕРВНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ И ПОВЕДЕНИЕ МЛЕКОПИТАЮЩИХ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЛАБОРАТОРНЫХ КРЫС)

The effect of low and high doses of nicotine-containing aerosols on the behavior of laboratory rats was studied during 4 weeks of the experiment. Somatic reactions were assessed by "vertical stance", "mink reflex" and "linear run" in a modified "open area" test. The level of anxiety was assessed by standard vegetative reactions. It was found out that the toxic effect of nicotine-containing aerosols on the central nervous system is expressed in an increase in the level of orienting activity against the background of a decrease in linear motor activity in both the group with a small and in the group with a large toxic load for two weeks of toxic exposure, followed by behavior inversion. That is, by the third week of toxic exposure in experimental animals, linear motor activity increases against the background of a decrease in orienting behavior, which is more pronounced in the group of animals with a low toxic load. Against the background of prolonged toxic effects of nicotine-containing aerosols in high doses, a decrease in the level of anxiety in experimental animals is observed.Исследовали влияние малой и большой дозы никотинсодержащих аэрозолей на поведение лабораторных крыс в течение 4 недель эксперимента. Соматические реакции оценивали по «вериткальной стойке», «норковому рефлексу» и «линейному пробегу» в модифицированном тесте «открытая площадка». Уровень тревожности оценивали по стандартным вегетативным реакциям. Выяснили: токсическое воздействие никотинсодержащих аэрозолей на центральную нервную систему выражается в повышении уровня ориентировочной активности на фоне снижения линейной двигательной активности как в группе с малой, так и в группе с большой токсической нагрузкой на протяжении двух недель токсического воздействия с последующей инверсией поведения. То есть, к третьей неделе токсического воздействия у экспериментальных животных повышается линейная двигательная активность на фоне снижения ориентировочного поведения, более выраженные в группе животных с низкой токсической нагрузкой. На фоне продолжительного токсического воздействия никотинсодержащих аэрозолей в высоких дозах наблюдается снижение уровня тревожности экспериментальных животных

ДИНАМИКА ЛЕЙКОЦИТОВ ПЕРИФЕРИЧЕСКОЙ КРОВИ ПОСЛЕ ОДНОКРАТНОГО ПРИЕМА ВЫСОКОБЕЛКОВОЙ И ВЫСОКОЖИРОВОЙ ПИЩИ В ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ УСЛОВИЯХ

The results of a study of digestive leukocytosis in human peripheral blood are presented. The dynamics of the number of leukocytes in fasted blood and in the blood after a single intake of high-protein and high-fat food is compared. Duration of observation - 6 hours with a frequency of taking control samples - 2 hours. Observed the natural physiological dynamics of the number of leukocytes in fasting blood. There was a peak in the number of leukocytes in the peripheral blood after ingestion of high-protein food - after 4 hours. After taking a high-fat food, 2 peaks were noted - after 2 and 6 hours after a single meal.Представлены результаты исследования явления пищеварительного лейкоцитоза в периферической крови человека. Сравнивается динамика количества лейкоцитов в голодной крови и в крови после однократного приема высокобелковой и высокожировой пищи. Продолжительность наблюдения - 6 часов с периодичностью взятия контрольных проб - 2 часа. Наблюдали естественную физиологическую динамику количества лейкоцитов в голодной крови. Отмечен пик числа лейкоцитов в периферической крови после приема высокобелковой пищи - через 4 часа. После приема высокожировой пищи отмечено 2 пика - через 2 и через 6 часов после однократного приема пищи

A novel comprehensive approach for human vascular allografts cryopreservation and radiation sterilization for the tissue engineering industry

Aim: to verify new techniques for human cadaveric vascular allografts cryopreservation, thawing and sterilization for the tissue engineering purposes. We use polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a well-known, promising coolant. This allowed us to completely omit any cryoprotective or vitrifying solutions. Using of PDMS also makes possible an applying these allografts directly after freezing and decellularization and also it will also provide an opportunity to develop secure protocols of tissue— engineered vascular conduits cryopreservation. Matherial and methods. After mathematical modeling of cooling process and its validation the experiment for sealed (isolated) freezing at low temperature conditions of 30 femoral arterial segments has been conducted. The segments were at least 10 cm in length and taken from 15 cadaveric donors in the age of 65-85 years. The freezing process was carried out using the abovementioned coolant— PDMS, and then physico-mechanical properties of these allografts were evaluated with the special Instron machine. According to the results obtained, a modeling of their sterilization conditions was conducted (the grafts were freezed). Results. By physico-mechanical properties validation and restricted histological analysis it was shown that there was an accordance between freezed/thawed allografts properties and native vessels. Conclusion. The abovementioned approach for allografts cryopreservation and thawing was efficient enough for further work in this direction