Occurrence of Paratanaisia spp. Freitas, 1951 in a domiciled cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus, Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae)

Abstract Digenetic eucotylids of the Paratanaisia genus are widely reported parasites of the avian renal system. The infection, commonly reported in free-living and zoo-housed birds, is described for the first time in a domiciled bird, a cockatiel kept as pet bird with free access to the yard outdoors. The bird was received at Veterinary Hospital, where clinical and radiographic evaluations suggested a case of heavy-metal poisoning. Although the bird received supportive care and a chelating agent, it died the next day. The necropsy showed friable kidneys and congestion of blood vessels in structures such as the skin, proventriculus, brain, and skullcap. The histopathological evaluation of the kidneys revealed multifocal hemorrhages, commonly found in cases of heavy-metal poisoning. Parasitic structures similar to those of the digenean trematodes Paratanaisia spp. were also observed inside dilated collecting ducts, which presented epithelial cell flattening and vacuolization. There was compression of adjacent tissue and discrete fibrotic areas. In the presence of intermediate hosts in the yard, the synanthropic nature of some wild free-living birds could make them a source of trematodes infection and dissemination for pet birds. Conversely, the infected cockatiel could also have served as a reservoir and carrier of trematodes to wild free-living birds

Occurrence of Paratanaisia spp. Freitas, 1951 in a domiciled cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus, Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae)

<div><p>Abstract Digenetic eucotylids of the Paratanaisia genus are widely reported parasites of the avian renal system. The infection, commonly reported in free-living and zoo-housed birds, is described for the first time in a domiciled bird, a cockatiel kept as pet bird with free access to the yard outdoors. The bird was received at Veterinary Hospital, where clinical and radiographic evaluations suggested a case of heavy-metal poisoning. Although the bird received supportive care and a chelating agent, it died the next day. The necropsy showed friable kidneys and congestion of blood vessels in structures such as the skin, proventriculus, brain, and skullcap. The histopathological evaluation of the kidneys revealed multifocal hemorrhages, commonly found in cases of heavy-metal poisoning. Parasitic structures similar to those of the digenean trematodes Paratanaisia spp. were also observed inside dilated collecting ducts, which presented epithelial cell flattening and vacuolization. There was compression of adjacent tissue and discrete fibrotic areas. In the presence of intermediate hosts in the yard, the synanthropic nature of some wild free-living birds could make them a source of trematodes infection and dissemination for pet birds. Conversely, the infected cockatiel could also have served as a reservoir and carrier of trematodes to wild free-living birds.</p></div

Occurrence of Paratanaisia confusa Freitas, 1951 in free-living guira cuckoo (Guira guira, Cuculiformes: Crotophagidae)

Abstract This report presents a description of natural infection of an adult free-living guira cuckoo with Paratanaisia confusa. Histological and morphological evaluations of renal and parasite samples were performed. The morphological analysis of the parasites revealed spiny tegument, characteristic of P. confusa helminthes. Although macroscopic alterations were absent in the kidneys, the histopathology revealed parasites inside the collecting ducts causing dilatation and destruction of the lining epithelial cells in addition to small focal inflammatory infiltrates in the renal parenchyma. However, as the bird was free-living and naturally infected it was not possible to confirm if all these alterations were directly caused by the parasite presence or if they were related to causes other than the parasitism. Nonetheless, such findings indicate that these trematodes may have pathogenic potential in this host

Cytometric blood phenotyping in free-living white-eyed parakeet (Psittacara leucophthalmus)

ABSTRACT: This study aimed at performing cytometric phenotyping of the blood samples from free-living, young white-eyed parakeets (Psittacara leucophthalmus), stained with 3,3-dihexyloxacarbocyanine [DiOC6(3)]. DiOC6(3)-stained whole blood samples from 19 free-living, young white-eyed parakeets were analyzed by flow cytometry and cell types were distinguished by their typical fluorescence in blue laser channel (FL-1) and SSC (side scatter). It was possible to differentiate erythrocytes (58.3±13.6) from leukocytes (32.4±13.1) and some of the leucocyte subpopulations: lymphocytes/thrombocytes (29.7±7.7), monocytes (30.6±8.5), and granulocytes (5.9-26). However, lymphocytes and thrombocytes could not be sorted in the plots. Our study determined that the predominant population in white-eyed parakeet (P. leucophthalmus) was lymphocytes, thrombocytes, and monocytes in the leucocytes gates in comparison to the granulocyte population. The cytometry method and use of DiOC6(3) stain was available for parakeets blood samples and can be studied and applied to other species of parrots

Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma in an adult Black Howler Monkey (Primates: Atelidae)

Over the past years, the number of neoplasm cases reported in nonhuman primates have considerably increased, with hepatocellular tumors reported in several species. Here a case report of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in an adult male Black Howler Monkey (Alouatta caraya) is presented. The animal, kept as pet, was admitted at Veterinary Hospital presented clinical signs of cholestasis. After unsuccessful drug treatment, the animal was submitted to a cholecystoduodenostomy. During the surgical procedure, the hepatobiliary system was meticulously observed. The liver showed no macroscopic alterations, however, there was a solid mass throughout the common bile duct. Biopsy specimens were collected from the bile duct mass, liver and gallbladder for histological and immunohistochemical evaluations. Histological examination of the liver showed diffuse accentuated vacuolization and necrosis, besides hemosiderin accumulation inside hepatocytes. In the portal region, there was an accentuated proliferation of biliary ducts, which presented replete with bilirubin. Discrete neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate and fibrosis were also observed. The bile duct mass showed a cellular proliferation of epithelial origin, confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis. The arrangement, characteristics and growth pattern of these cells revealed a malignant neoplasm. Despite the success of the procedure, the animal died hours later. Cholangiocarcinomas generally present high mortality rates, since its late clinical presentation make the treatments ineffective due to its large extensions at the time of diagnosis. The owner did not allow the necropsy, therefore the presence of other neoplasms and important organ alterations, which may be aggravated the patient's clinical condition, were not confirmed

Exames anatomopatológicos em animais selvagens

The necropsy and histopathology in non domestic animals, from wild or captivity, is an important material for various purposes, such as study of anatomy, biology, food habits, parasitism, their diseases, etiologic agent, etc. From the carcasses of these animals can be mounted skeletons and skins (taxidermy) for use in museums, schools, environmental education, among others. From the study of etiologic agents and existing vectors, studies can be done to verify the participation of these animals in the epidemiology as reservoir or as host, of many diseases that affect both, captive or free wild animals, as well domestic animals and humans. Finally this study aims to contribute to "One Health", considering the health of the environmental, animal and human. In addition, the results of the necropsy and histopathology exam sent to the owners provide information for the treatment, prevention, control of the detected diseases.A utilização de exames necroscópicos e histopatológicos em animais selvagens (de vida livre ou de cativeiro) é uma importante ferramenta para diversos fins, tais como: estudo da anatomia, biologia, hábitos alimentares, parasitismo, suas doenças, agente etiológicos. A partir das carcaças desses animais é possível montar os esqueletos e as peles (taxidermia) para utilização em museus, escolas, na educação ambiental, entre outros. Ainda a partir do estudo dos agentes etiológicos e vetores existentes, podem ser feitos estudos para verificar a participação deste animal na epidemiologia de inúmeras doenças que acometem tanto animais selvagens (vida livre ou de cativeiro), assim como animais domésticos (de produção ou de estimação) e os seres humanos. Finalmente este estudo visa o princípio do "One Health", uma só saúde, considerando a saúde ambiental, animal e humana. Além disso, os laudos emitidos referentes aos exames, enviados aos proprietários servem de orientação e esclarecimento para o tratamento, prevenção, controle das enfermidades detectadas