Potensialitas dan keterbatasan inovasi morfologis dalam bahasa Indonesia

This paper examines with a particular affixe (keter-/-an) consisting in two primary affixes. Through the analyse of terms coined by the Pusat Bahasa and spontaneous terms, the paper distinguishes between “double” and “complex” affixation, corresponding to different operating modes of affixation. The first deals with an already affixed and lexicalized word, then reaffixed and relexicalized. The second, almost only found in documents produced by the Pusat Bahasa, refers to a base getting a first affix in a poorly (or not) lexicalized form, constituting no more than a morphological stage towards the wished form, which is intent as lexicalized. Complex affix keter-R-an is basically a morphological calque and the author argues that it has been promoted and used during New Order on an ideological basis, as a mean to modernize Indonesian terminology by keeping its shape indigenous rather than by direct borrowing of English terms.KeywordsLinguistik Indonesia (Indonesian linguistics), terminology (terminology), politik istilah (language policy)

Market Regulation and Firm Performance: The Case of Smoking Bans in the UK

This paper analyzes the effects of a ban on smoking in public places upon firms and consumers. Analysis of survey data from public houses finds that the Scottish smoking ban (introduced in March 2006) reduced pub sales and harmed medium run profitability. An event study analysis of the stock market performance of pub-holding companies corroborates the negative effects of the smoking ban on firm performance. We develop a model of public good provision by firms to offer an interpretation of these findings. In the context of smoking, the public good aspect and consumer heterogeneity in preferences regarding smoking appear to be central to the problem. The model allows us to examine the appropriate form of optimal regulation and to study the welfare effect of a smoking ban. The optimal policy response ensures that some pubs be permitted to allow smoking while others are not.regulation; smoking ban; market provision of quality; sales; prices; profitability; stock market performance

Market regulation and firm performance: the case of smoking bans in the UK

This paper analyzes the effects of a ban on smoking in public places upon firms and consumers. It presents a theoretical model and tests its predictions using unique data from before and after the introduction of smoking bans in the UK. Cigarette smoke is a public bad, and smokers and non-smokers differ in their valuation of smoke-free amenities. Consumer heterogeneity implies that the market equilibrium may result in too much uniformity, whereas social optimality requires a mix of smoking and non-smoking pubs (which can be operationalized via licensing). If the market equilibrium has almost all pubs permitting smoking (as is the case in the data) then a blanket ban reduces pub sales, profits, and consumer welfare. We collect survey data from public houses and find that the Scottish smoking ban (introduced in March 2006) reduced pub sales and harmed medium run profitability. An event study analysis of the stock market performance of pub-holding companies corroborates the negative effects of the smoking ban on firm performance.Regulation; smoking ban; market provision of quality; sales; prices; profitability; stock market performance.

SLD Potamology Study (S-9)

Foreword In this report, the authors discuss factors which relate to flow characteristics of the Middle Mississippi River and its major tributaries. The variety of ways in which man and nature interact to affect the hydrologic regime of the study area are almost infinite. Furthermore, the intensity and direction of man\u27s activity is non-uniform with respect to both time and space. Therefore, on the scale of the study area, the authors assert that 1) it is difficult to verify associations between specific human actions and river responses and 2) at this time, it is impossible to do so in a reasonably quantitative manner. These points are not intended to imply support for a course of inaction with regard to management of rivers in the study area. Instead, it is hoped that they will add important new perspective to issues which face those persons charged with the responsibility of protecting the public interest in these vital river resources. Paul R. MungerDirector, Institute of River Studie

Adiponectin Deficiency Impairs Maternal Metabolic Adaptation to Pregnancy in Mice.

Hypoadiponectinemia has been widely observed in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). To investigate the causal role of hypoadiponectinemia in GDM, adiponectin gene knockout (Adipoq-/- ) and wild-type (WT) mice were crossed to produce pregnant mouse models with or without adiponectin deficiency. Adenoviral vector-mediated in vivo transduction was used to reconstitute adiponectin during late pregnancy. Results showed that Adipoq-/- dams developed glucose intolerance and hyperlipidemia in late pregnancy. Increased fetal body weight was detected in Adipoq-/- dams. Adiponectin reconstitution abolished these metabolic defects in Adipoq-/- dams. Hepatic glucose and triglyceride production rates of Adipoq-/- dams were significantly higher than those of WT dams. Robustly enhanced lipolysis was found in gonadal fat of Adipoq-/- dams. Interestingly, similar levels of insulin-induced glucose disposal and insulin signaling in metabolically active tissues in Adipoq-/- and WT dams indicated that maternal adiponectin deficiency does not reduce insulin sensitivity. However, remarkably decreased serum insulin concentrations were observed in Adipoq-/- dams. Furthermore, β-cell mass, but not glucose-stimulated insulin release, in Adipoq-/- dams was significantly reduced compared with WT dams. Together, these results demonstrate that adiponectin plays an important role in controlling maternal metabolic adaptation to pregnancy

Topographic controls on gravity currents in porous media

We present a theoretical and experimental study of the propagation of gravity currents in porous media with variations in the topography over which they flow, motivated in part by the sequestration of carbon dioxide in saline aquifers. We consider cases where the height of the topography slopes upwards in the direction of the flow and is proportional to the nth power of the horizontal distance from a line or point source of a constant volumetric flux. In two-dimensional cases with n>1/2, the current evolves from a self-similar form at early times, when the effects of variations in topography are negligible, towards a late-time regime that has an approximately horizontal upper surface and whose evolution is dictated entirely by the geometry of the topography. For n<1/2, the transition between these flow regimes is reversed. We compare our theoretical results in the case n=1 with data from a series of laboratory experiments in which viscous glycerine is injected into an inclined Hele-Shaw cell, obtaining good agreement between the theoretical results and the experimental data. In the case of axisymmetric topography, all topographic exponents n>0 result in a transition from an early-time similarity solution towards a topographically controlled regime that has an approximately horizontal free surface. We also analyse the evolution over topography that can vary with different curvatures and topographic exponents between the two horizontal dimensions, finding that the flow transitions towards a horizontally topped regime at a rate which depends strongly on the ratio of the curvatures along the principle axes. Finally, we apply our mathematical solutions to the geophysical setting at the Sleipner field, concluding that topographic influence is unlikely to explain the observed non-axisymmetric flow

Perceptual Annotation: Measuring Human Vision to Improve Computer Vision

For many problems in computer vision, human learners are considerably better than machines. Humans possess highly accurate internal recognition and learning mechanisms that are not yet understood, and they frequently have access to more extensive training data through a lifetime of unbiased experience with the visual world. We propose to use visual psychophysics to directly leverage the abilities of human subjects to build better machine learning systems. First, we use an advanced online psychometric testing platform to make new kinds of annotation data available for learning. Second, we develop a technique for harnessing these new kinds of information – “perceptual annotations” – for support vector machines. A key intuition for this approach is that while it may remain infeasible to dramatically increase the amount of data and high-quality labels available for the training of a given system, measuring the exemplar-by-exemplar difficulty and pattern of errors of human annotators can provide important information for regularizing the solution of the system at hand. A case study for the problem face detection demonstrates that this approach yields state-ofthe- art results on the challenging FDDB data set.Engineering and Applied SciencesMolecular and Cellular Biolog

Measurement technique for microwave surface resistance of additive manufactured metals

Additive manufactured (AM) metals are a subject of much interest for their performance in passive microwave applications. However, limitations could arise due to artifacts, such as surface texture and/or roughness resulting from the manufacturing process. We have, therefore, adopted a parallel plate microwave resonator for the accurate measurement of the surface resistance of flat metal plates, allowing for microwave current flow in two orthogonal directions by simply exciting a different resonant mode (at 5.3 and 6.4 GHz), without the need to remove and refix the sample. The systematic and random errors associated with the measurement of surface resistance are very small, less than 1% and 0.1%, respectively. The technique is demonstrated with measurements on a range of samples of the alloys, AlSi10Mg and Ti6Al4V, manufactured by laser powder bed fusion, in addition to traditionally machined samples of bulk metal alloys of aluminum and brass. For AM samples of AlSi10Mg, we have studied the effect on the surface resistance of directional roughness features, generated by the laser raster paths, in directions transverse or parallel to microwave current flow. Importantly for passive microwave device applications, we demonstrate that these samples exhibit no systematic anisotropy of surface resistance associated with such surface features