Hyoscyamus muticus L. subsp. falezlez methanolic extract: phytochemical composition and biological activities

This study aims to assess the phytochemical analysis and evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the methanolic extract obtained from the Algerian Hyoscyamus muticus L. subsp. falezlez leaves of Timimoun region. Methanolic extract of the plant contained the highest quantity of phenolics (148.00 ± 3.07 µg GAE/mg extract) and flavonoids (41.43 ± 0.90 µg QE/mg extract). The High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) results showed dominance in the phenolic compounds: orientin, vitexin 2-O-rhamnoside and n-OH-cinnamic acid. Eight metabolites were identified and quantified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) which included five fatty acids, one dicarboxylic acid derivative, one bicyclic hydrocarbon and one fatty acid derivate. The GC-MS analysis revealed that palmitic acid (32.56%), linolenic acid (21.34%) and linoleic acid (11.24%) were the three major components. The methanolic extract showed an antioxidant activity for DPPH, ABTS, reducing power and phenanthroline assays. The strongest antioxidant activity was obtained with phenanthroline assay (value of A0.5 <3.125 µg/mL). The antimicrobial investigation on thirteen microbial strains revealed that the methanolic extract showed low to moderate antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive and negative tested bacteria and no antifungal activity on all the tested fungi. This work suggests the use of leaves from H. muticus L. subsp. falezlez as a source of bioactive compounds with applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.675736

Caractérisation de l’huile d’argan algérienne (région de Tindouf) et étude de ses activités antioxydantes et antimicrobiennes en comparaison avec une huile marocaine [Characterization of Algerian argan oil (Tindouf region) and study of its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in comparison with a Moroccan oil]

Résumé Introduction. L’huile d’argan algérienne, provenant de la région de Tindouf (Extrême sud-ouest algérien), est une huile non valorisée jusqu’à l’heure actuelle. Objectif. L’huile d’argan algérienne extraite par méthode traditionnelle est comparée avec l’huile d’argan marocaine, obtenue par presse mécanique, dans le but d’étudier ses qualités pour une éventuelle valorisation. Matériels et méthodes. Les caractéristiques physico-chimiques, la composition en acides gras (AG) et en stérols sont déterminées, puis les activités antioxydantes et antimicrobiennes des fractions saponifiable et insaponifiable sont étudiées. Résultats. L’huile algérienne est une huile vierge fine, très riche en acide linoléique (35% pour l’huile algérienne et 28% pour l’huile marocaine) et β-sitostérol (64% pour l’huile algérienne et 59% pour l’huile marocaine), caractérisée par une faible teneur en chlorophylles (1,3 et 1,8 mg phéophytine/kg d’huile respectivement pour l’huile algérienne et celle marocaine) et un faible coefficient d’extinction spécifique (K232=1,15 pour l’huile algérienne et 2,34 pour l’huile marocaine). Les résultats des activités antioxydantes ont montré que la fraction insaponifiable pour les deux huiles est plus active, notamment contre le radical DPPH et le blanchiment de la β-carotène. Quant à l’activité antibactérienne, l’huile marocaine a révélé une activité contre trois bactéries et l’huile algérienne contre un champignon. Conclusion. Il convient de considérer l’huile d’argan artisanale algérienne, non encore valorisée, comme une huile prometteuse tout comme l’huile industrielle marocaine. [Abstract. Introduction. Algerian argan oil, from the region of Tindouf (far south-west of Algeria), is an oil that has not been upgraded until now. Objective. The Algerian argan oil extracted by traditional method was compared with a Moroccan oil obtained by mechanical press, in order to study its qualities for a possible valorization. Material and methods. The physicochemical characteristics, the fatty acid and sterol composition were determined, and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the saponifiable and unsaponifiable fractions were studied. Results. The results showed that the Algerian oil, was a fine virgin oil rich in linoleic acid (35% for algerian oil, and 28% for the moroccan), and β-sitosterol (64% for algerian oil and 59% for the moroccan), characterized by a low chlorophyll content (1.3 and 1.8 mg pheophytin/kg oil, respectively for algerian and moroccan oil) and a low specific extinction coefficient (K232=1.15 for algerian oil and 2.34 for the moroccan). The results of the antioxidant activities showed that the unsaponifiable fraction, for the both oils, was more active, in particular against the DPPH radical and the bleaching of β-carotene. As for the antibacterial activity, the Moroccan oil revealed an activity against three bacteria, and the Algerian oil against a fungi. Conclusion. The Algerian artisanal argan oil, not yet valued, should be considered a promising oil as the Moroccan industrial oil.

Evaluation of antioxidant activities of the edible and medicinal <i>Acacia albida</i> organs related to phenolic compounds

<div><p>This study compared phenolic contents and antioxidant activity in different organs of <i>Acacia albida</i> (leaves and bark) and focuses on identification of phenolic compounds of leaves by HPLC-DAD. The analysed organs exhibited differences in total polyphenol contents (100 and 59.5 mg GAE g^− 1 DW). Phenolic contents of leaves were two times higher than those in bark. Ethanolic extracts exhibited good antioxidant activities with IC₅₀ = 26 μg mL^− 1 for DPPH and EC₅₀ = 50 μg mL^− 1 for FRAP. Identification by HPLC-DAD revealed the presence of nine phenolic compounds known for their high antioxidant activity. The results suggested that this species can be used as source of natural antioxidants.</p></div