The microsurgical anatomy of the hypoglossal canal

The hypoglossal canal (HC) is a region of the skull base whose involvement in many pathological entities is often ignored. Adequate knowledge of the anatomy of the HC and its related bony, neural, and vascular structures is essential for surgery of lesions involving this area

Memantine and Q-VD-OPh Treatments in Experimental Spinal Cord Injury: Combined Inhibition of Necrosis and Apoptosis

AIM: To evaluate the effects of NMDA receptor antagonist memantine and pancaspase inhibitor Q-VD-Oph in combination or alone in experimental spinal cord injury

Functional outcomes after treatment of traumatic brachial plexus injuries: clinical study

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to evaluate functional outcome and quality of life using statistically validated tools

Comparison of ability of pulse pressure variation to predict fluid responsiveness in prone and supine position: an observational study

We aimed to compare the ability of pulse pressure variation (PPV) to predict fluid responsiveness in prone and supine positions and investigate effect of body mass index (BMI), intraabdominal pressure (IAP) and static respiratory compliance (CS) on PPV. A total of 88 patients undergoing neurosurgery were included. After standardized anesthesia induction, patients' PPV, stroke volume index (SVI), CS and IAP values were recorded in supine (T1) and prone (T2) positions and after fluid loading (T3). Also, PPV change percentage (PPV%) between T2 and T1 times was calculated. Patients whose SVI increased more than 15% after the fluid loading were defined as volume responders. In 10 patients, PPV% was -20%. All of these patients had CST230kg/m(2), and two had IAP(T2)>15mmHg. In 16 patients, PPV% was 20%. In these patients, 10 had CST230kg/m(2), and 12 had IAP(T2)>15mmHg. Thirty-nine patients were volume responder. When all patients were examined for predicting fluid responsiveness, area under curves (AUC) of PPVT2 (0.790, 95%CI 0.690-0.870) was significantly lower than AUC of PPVT1 (0.937, 95%CI 0.878-0.997) with ROC analysis (p=0.002). When patients whose CST2 was 30kg/m(2) were excluded from analysis separately, AUC of PPVT2 became similar to PPVT1. PPV in the prone can predict fluid responsiveness as good as PPV in the supine, only if BMI is 31ml/cmH(2)O

A thrombosing, giant, distal posterior cerebral artery aneurysm in a newborn infant

Intracranial aneurysms are extremely rare in infancy. No consensus has yet been developed about the exact treatment of this rare situation. The authors report the case of a 47-day-old male infant who had multiple seizures on the same day, leading to the diagnosis of an intracranial aneurysm. The case was managed conservatively with close imaging follow-up, and the patient had a good recovery. The results of neurological examination were completely normal at the 5-year follow-up visit

A thrombosing, giant, distal posterior cerebral artery aneurysm in a newborn infant

Intracranial aneurysms are extremely rare in infancy. No consensus has yet been developed about the exact treatment of this rare situation. The authors report the case of a 47-day-old male infant who had multiple seizures on the same day, leading to the diagnosis of an intracranial aneurysm. The case was managed conservatively with close imaging follow-up, and the patient had a good recovery. The results of neurological examination were completely normal at the 5-year follow-up visit