NUTRITIONAL AND PROTECTIVE VALUES OF FISH – WITH EMPHSIS ON OMEGA-3 FATTY ACID

U radu se iznosi važnost ribe kao živežne namirnice u pogledu bjelančevina, vitamina, mikroelemenata i makroelemenata te se ona uspoređuje s visokovrijednim namirnicama toplokrvnih životinja (meso, mlijeko i jaja). Najviše literaturnih informacija odnosi se na kemijski sastav mesa, nutritivnu i biološku vrijednost. Više radova upućuje na sastav masnih kiselina u mastima najznačajnijih slatkovodnih i morskih riba. Prema sadržaju EPA (eicosapentaenska masna kiselina, 20:5(03) i DHA (docosaheksaenska masna kiselina, 22:6ω3), meso bijelog glavaša (Hypophthalmichtis molitrix) može se uspoređivati s mesom najkvalitetnijih morskih riba. U zadnjih 20 godina velik broj autora navodi protektivnu ulogu omega-3 masnih kiselina u prevenciji srčanog i moždanog udara, ateroskleroze, visokoga krvnog tlaka, psorijaze, tromboze i artritisa.This work presents the importance of fish as a life necessity in view of proteins, vitamins, micro and macro elements and in comparison with high valued necessities of warm-blooded animals (meat, milk and eggs). Most literature information is related to the chemical components of meat, nutritional and biological values. Numerous papers have shown the components of fatty acids in fats of the most important freshwater and sea fish. According the contents of FPA (eicosapentaen fatty acids, 20:5 3) and DHA (docosaheksacn fatty acids, 22:6 3) the meat of the silver carp (Hypophthalmichtis molitrix) can be compared to that of the highest quality sea fish. In the last 20 years many authors mentioned the protective role of omega-3 fatty acids in the prevention of heart attack, stroke, artherosclerosis, high blood pressure, psoriasis, thrombosis and arthritis

Epiphytic metazoans on emergent macrophytes in oxbow lakes of the Krapina River, Croatia: differences related to plant species and limnological conditions

This study investigated the structure of the epiphytic metazoans on emerged macrophytes in the littoral zone of two oxbow lakes with different trophic levels. Differences in the diversity and density of the epiphytic metazoans were analyzed in relation to plant architecture (simple or complex stems), food resources (algae and detritus) and water characteristics (transparency and derived trophic state index). Asignificant negative correlation was found between detritus on plants as food resource, and diversity and density of epiphytic metazoans, indicating grazing of microphagous species. Rotifers dominated in diversity and density in the epiphyton on all habitats. Total density of metazoans, rotifers and copepods in epiphyton were significantly higher on Mentha in mesotrophic lake than on Iris in a eutrophic lake.We presume that macrophyte belt width and trophic state governed biotic interactions and consequently epiphytic assemblages more strongly than macrophyte architecture. However, a Mentha habitat showed a slightly higher density and diversity of epiphytic metazoans in relation to Iris at the same site, but these differences were not significant

NUTRITIONAL AND PROTECTIVE VALUES OF FISH – WITH EMPHSIS ON OMEGA-3 FATTY ACID

U radu se iznosi važnost ribe kao živežne namirnice u pogledu bjelančevina, vitamina, mikroelemenata i makroelemenata te se ona uspoređuje s visokovrijednim namirnicama toplokrvnih životinja (meso, mlijeko i jaja). Najviše literaturnih informacija odnosi se na kemijski sastav mesa, nutritivnu i biološku vrijednost. Više radova upućuje na sastav masnih kiselina u mastima najznačajnijih slatkovodnih i morskih riba. Prema sadržaju EPA (eicosapentaenska masna kiselina, 20:5(03) i DHA (docosaheksaenska masna kiselina, 22:6ω3), meso bijelog glavaša (Hypophthalmichtis molitrix) može se uspoređivati s mesom najkvalitetnijih morskih riba. U zadnjih 20 godina velik broj autora navodi protektivnu ulogu omega-3 masnih kiselina u prevenciji srčanog i moždanog udara, ateroskleroze, visokoga krvnog tlaka, psorijaze, tromboze i artritisa.This work presents the importance of fish as a life necessity in view of proteins, vitamins, micro and macro elements and in comparison with high valued necessities of warm-blooded animals (meat, milk and eggs). Most literature information is related to the chemical components of meat, nutritional and biological values. Numerous papers have shown the components of fatty acids in fats of the most important freshwater and sea fish. According the contents of FPA (eicosapentaen fatty acids, 20:5 3) and DHA (docosaheksacn fatty acids, 22:6 3) the meat of the silver carp (Hypophthalmichtis molitrix) can be compared to that of the highest quality sea fish. In the last 20 years many authors mentioned the protective role of omega-3 fatty acids in the prevention of heart attack, stroke, artherosclerosis, high blood pressure, psoriasis, thrombosis and arthritis

Effect of dietary supplementation with PUFA n-3 on the lipids composition of chicken meat

This paper investigates the possibilities of enrichment of meat with PUFA n-3, especially with EPA and DHA. For this purpose 225 Ross 208 male broilers were divided into 5 groups, each consisting of 45 broilers. From 1st to 21st day of the fattening period broilers were fed with standard diets that contained 22.67% crude protein and 14.19 MJ kg-1 ME. From 22nd to 42nd day broilers were fed with finisher diets, balanced at 20.43% crude protein and 14.18 MJ kg-1. The first group was given F1 diets, which, besides other feedstuffs contained 5% poultry fat; 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th group were fed with F2, F3, F4, and F5 diets, which were enriched with marine oil Pronova Biocare Epax 3000 TG in the amount of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%, respectively. The obtained research results showed that PUFA n-3 was enhanced from 6% to 11.46% in the lipids of breast muscles, and from 3.71% to 10.44% in the lipids of thigh muscles. PUFA n-6/PUFA n-3 ratio was lowered from 2.95 to 1.22 in the breast muscles, and 5.35 to 1.60 in the thigh muscles

Linolenic acid supplementation in the diet of European cat®sh (Silurus glanis): eect on growth and fatty acid composition

Summary In an 18-week treatment, the eect of linolenic acid on European cat®sh (Silurus glanis L.) growth indicators was investigated as to weight gain, feeding coecient (FCR value), speci®c growth rate (SGR value), protein eciency ratio (PER value), productive protein value (PPV) and survival rate. Concurrently, the ®shmeat chemical composition was also investigated. The experiment was organized into four groups, each divided into three subgroups. Stocked in each of 12 cages were 30´1-year-old cat®sh, with individual weights ranging from 148.5 to 151.5 g/ind. All ®sh were given standard feed for European cat®sh which contained 45% protein. The ®rst batch, control group (C), received no additional linolenic acid. Linolenic acid was added to the feed of the second (E 1 ), third (E 2 ) and fourth group (E 3 ), at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%, respectively. Growth indicator improvement was best in the E 2 group fed the 1% linolenic acid, whereby the ®sh weight gain was 12.6% higher and the feeding coecient 12.9% lower, while SGR, PER and PPV values were 6.1, 12.0 and 15.8% better than the control group. Growth indicators were also signi®cantly (P < 0.01) improved in the three groups receiving additional linolenic acid in comparison to the control group. Moreover, this addition positively aected ®shmeat quality by increasing meat protein content from 18.04% (C) to 18.79% (E 3 ). The total unsaturated fatty acid content also increased from 65.07% (C) to 69.82% (E 3 ), and the total saturated fatty acid content decreased from 31.36% (C) to 26.50% (E 3 ); consequently, the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids increased from 2.07% (C) to 2.63% (E 3 ). It can be concluded that the addition of 1% linolenic acid to standard cat®sh feed has bene®cial eects on ®sh growth indicators and meat quality