ЭКОЛОГО-ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТИ КИШЕЧНЫМИ ИНФЕКЦИЯМИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ Г. РУБЦОВСКА

Проведен эколого-эпидемиологический анализ заболеваемости кишечными инфекциями населения г. Рубцовска за пятилетний период с учетом: возраста, социального статуса больных, этиологической структуры заболевания. Для установления преобладающего пути передачи инфекций учитывались данные по микробиологическому анализу питьевой воды. В течении 5-ти лет на территории г. Рубцовска отмечается устойчивая тенденция к повышению уровня заболеваемости населения кишечными инфекциями с преобладанием острых кишечных инфекций неустановленной этиологии. Среди детского населения уровень заболеваемости острыми кишечными инфекциями более чем в 3 раза превышает таковой среди взрослого населения. Заболеваемость острыми кишечными инфекциями среди детей, не посещающих дошкольные учреждения в 5 раз выше, чем среди детей дошкольных учреждений. Качество питьевой воды не оказывает существенного влияния на состояние заболеваемости кишечными инфекциями населения г. Рубцовска. Ключевые слова: эколого-эпидемиологический анализ, заболеваемость, острые кишечные инфекции, этиологическая структура заболеваемост

Darwin and Dokuchaev. Interaction of ideas

Soil scientists have long believed that the first printed work of V.V. Dokuchaev was his diploma thesis in 1871 “On alluvial sediments along the Kasna River of the Sychevsky district of the Smolensk province”, which he defended after graduating from St. Petersburg University, under the guidance of Professor P.A. Puzyrevsky. However, there is a little-known article written under the pseudonym of V. D-chaev, “Darwin's theory before the court of Holy Scripture as the oldest historical botanical and zoological monument”, published in 1869 in the spiritual journal “Strannik” (“Wanderer”), which was written by V.V. Dokuchaev shortly after graduating from the theological seminary. The first work of V. Dokuchaev is of interest due to the fact that it appeared in the transition period from Dokuchaev-theologian to Dokuchaev-naturalist. Analyzing the article, written on 52 pages, one can understand how seriously the young man approached this publication. According to the former seminarian, the Holy Scriptures are the main and most reliable source of information about the past. In formulating his attitude to Darwin's theory, he relies on the work of M.A. Sibirtsev and spiritual father Matveevsky, finding in them arguments in support of his point. In addition, Dokuchaev mentions and cites the publications of more than two dozen geologists, mostly foreign ones. However, it should be noted that most of the works he refers to were popular sources. Objections to Darwin on the basic aspects of evolutionary theory show the spiritual maturity of the future scientist. The manuscript is still a student's article, but it contains the analysis of the problem of time, which later became the basis of Dokuchaev's teaching about time as a factor of soil formation. Dokuchaev came to understand the law of love as a universal law of the commonwealth that rules the world, which in fact is the basis of the ecological perception of the world

Experience of using the game methods of active training of students in the department of public health and health care

The article discusses the benefits of using interactive teaching methods, the development of skills and professional competencies as a result of the use of game techniques. Examples of igropraktik when teaching students at the Department of Public Health and Health.В статье рассматриваются преимущества использования интерактивных методик обучения, развитие навыков и профессиональных компетенций в результате применения игровых методик. Приводятся примеры игропрактик при обучении студентов на кафедре общественного здоровья и здравоохранения

MINIMIZATION OF THE CHEMICAL POLLUTION LEVEL AT THE WORKING ZONES IN OPEN AREAS USING SCREENS

Purpose. The scientific work aims to develop a new method for assessing the level of chemical air pollution in working zones located in open areas near highways using screens of different heights. Methodology. The analytical method for calculating the airflow velocity field near protective screens is based on the mathematical apparatus of the theory of complex variable functions, which allows obtaining the value of the velocity potential and the flow function, to calculate the velocity value at any point of the plane with a screen of different height. The obtained velocity field is used to calculate the level of carbon monoxide concentration in the numerical solution of the two-dimensional mass transfer equation. Findings. The developed program of numerical calculation allows conducting computational experiments on the effectiveness of the use of protective screens, taking into account changes in their geometry and meteorological conditions. The developed method based on the obtained concentration field makes it possible to carry out an assessment of the risk of chronic intoxication for the employees of the take-out trade, who are within the zone of the emission source (highway) for a long time. Originality. The regularities of changes in the concentration of carbon monoxide are established depending on the distance to the emission source at a height of 2 m from the ground in the presence of a screen of a certain height and in its absence. A risk assessment of chronic carbon monoxide intoxication has been carried out for take-out trade workers near the highway. It is shown that the presence of the screen reduces the risk of chronic CO intoxication by 10% as compared to its absence. Increasing the screen height to 1.8 m reduces the risk of chronic intoxication by 6% relatively to the situation when the screen height is 1.2 m. Practical value. The developed numerical-analytical method for calculating the level of chemical pollution in working zones in open areas and the program «Screen» created on its basis allow us to carry out a prompt forecast of atmospheric air pollution level with carbon monoxide taking into account the effectiveness of the screens. Quantitative results are necessary at the planning stage of trading places near highways, during the architectural-planned reorganization of adjacent developments