Pharmaceutical supply centers of Rio Grande do Sul

Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as Centrais de Abastecimento Farmacêutico (CAFs) de municípios do Rio Grande do Sul, quanto à estrutura, aos processos realizados e os resultados obtidos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de caráter transversal e descritivo cuja coleta de dados deu-se por visitas às CAFs de 29 municípios. Além de entrevistas in loco, utilizando um questionário elaborado a partir da revisão da literatura, realizou-se análise de documentos e observação direta da estrutura e das condições de armazenamento. Resultados: Os resultados mostram que o registro do controle diário de temperatura e umidade era realizado em 84,6% e 76,9% das CAFs respectivamente e todas aquelas que possuíam refrigerador para os termolábeis, realizavam o controle destes parâmetros. A maioria das centrais que armazenavam medicamentos sujeitos a controle especial utilizavam uma sala separada e com chave (75,0%). No recebimento dos medicamentos, era realizada a inspeção referente à validade e documentações necessárias (nota fiscal, por exemplo) em 92,3% dos locais. Todas as CAFs utilizavam sistema informatizado para controle de estoque, em seis (23,1%) havia um acúmulo de estoque resultante de demanda superestimada, de recursos aproveitados do ano anterior, excesso de compra ou sazonalidade e 88,5% realizavam inventário. Para que funcionem dentro da legalidade são necessárias algumas documentações como alvará sanitário, que apenas 26,9% das CAFs afirmaram possuir. Conclusão: Na avaliação da etapa de armazenamento da AF, por meio dos componentes: estrutura, processos e resultados, observou-se resultados parcialmente positivos em relação às recomendações técnicas e administrativas para as CAFs, necessitando de melhorias em alguns quesitos.Objectives: The objective of this study is to depict the Pharmaceutical Supply Centers (PSCs) of municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul, regarding the structure, the processes carried out and the results obtained. Methods: The sample consists of a total of 29 municipalities. Data collection took place through visits to the PSC of these municipalities and on-site interviews, document analysis, direct observation, and the use of a questionnaire developed with questions drawn from the literature review. Results: The results showed that the daily control of temperature and humidity is recorded in 84.6% and 76.9% of the PSCs, respectively, and all those that have a refrigerator for thermolabile, control these parameters. Most centers that store controlled drugs (Portaria 344/98) use a separate room with a key (75.0%). Upon receipt of the medicines, an inspection is carried out regarding the validity and necessary documentation (invoice, for example) in 92.3% of the places. All PSCs used a computerized system for stock control, in six (23.1%) there was an accumulation of stock resulting from overestimated demand, resources used from the previous year, excess purchases or seasonality and 88.5% carry inventory. For them to function legally, some documentation is needed, such as a health permit, which only 26.9% of the PSCs claimed to have. Conclusion: In the evaluation of the quality of the storage stage of the AF, through the components: structure, processes, and results, partially positive results were observed about the technical and administrative recommendations for the PSCs, requiring improvements in some aspects

-866G/A and Ins/Del polymorphisms in UCP2 gene are associated with reduced short-term weight loss in patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Background: Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) plays an important role in energy expenditure regulation. Previous studies have associated the common -866G/A (rs659366) and Ins/ Del polymorphisms in the UCP2 gene with metabolic and obesity-related phenotypes. However, it is still unclear whether these polymorphisms influence weight loss after bariatric surgery. Objectives: To investigate whether UCP2 -866G/A and Ins/Del polymorphisms are associated with weight loss outcomes after bariatric surgery. Setting: Longitudinal study in a university hospital. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 186 patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery for clinical and laboratory characteristics in the preoperative period, 6, 12, and 18 months after RYGB. The -866G/A (rs659366) polymorphism was genotyped using real-time PCR, while the Ins/Del polymorphism was genotyped by direct separation of PCR products in 2.5% agarose gels. Results: Patients with the -866A/A genotype showed higher body mass index (BMI) after 6, 12, and 18 months of surgery and excess body weight after 6 and 12 months compared with G/G patients. They also showed lower excess weight loss (EWL%) after 6 and 12 months of surgery. Ins allele carriers (Ins/Ins + Ins/Del) had lower delta (Δ) BMI 12 months after surgery compared with Del/Del patients. Accordingly, patients carrying haplotypes with >=2 risk alleles of these polymorphisms had higher BMI and excess weight and lower EWL% during follow-up. Conclusion: UCP2 -866A/A genotype is associated with higher BMI and excess weight and lower EWL% during an 18-month follow-up of patients who underwent RYGB, while the Ins allele seems to be associated with lower ΔBMI 12 months after surgery. Further studies are needed to confirm the associations of the -866G/A and Ins/Del polymorphisms with weight loss after bariatric surgery