Health status and productivity of sheep fed coffee pulp during fattening

The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity and health of fattening lambs fed different levels of coffee pulp in their diets. Thirty-five crossbred lambs with an average weight of 21.8 kg were fed isoproteic and isoenergetic diets with different percentages of coffee pulp (T0: control; T1: 7%; T2: 14%, T3: 21% and T4: 28%), the base diet was formulated with corn, soybean meal, alfalfa stubble, molasses, urea and mineral salt. The fattening period was 98 days. Productivity was measured by weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion. At the beginning and end of the study, blood samples were taken to determine the health status using a biochemical profile and blood count. Analysis of variance was performed using the initial weight as the covariate for the productive variables and the initial values of the analytes in the blood chemistry and hematological analysis tests. The coffee pulp did not affect productivity, although the amount of neutrophils decreased (P<0.05) as the coffee pulp in the diet increased. In all treatments, urea exceeded the reference values, whereas creatinine was below the reference values. We concluded that the inclusion of up to 28% coffee pulp in the diet did not affect the productive parameters, decreases the neutrophil count without affect health status of lambs during fattening

Rendimiento y características organolépticas del queso fresco elaborado con leche positiva a la prueba del alcohol

Objective: To determine yield and organoleptic characteristics from cheese made with positive milk to alcohol test. Design/methodology: Fresh milk was used from cows’ crosses of Brahman x American Brown Swiss, which were maintained in grazing. Eleven judges with semi-trained category were selected. The sensorial analysis was made using triangular, two of five, acceptance, flavor and texture profiles tests. In the taste and texture profiles, a ten-centimeter line was used to indicate intensity. Acceptance test was made with fifty untrained consumers. Data obtained were subjected to an analysis of variance, with the positive or negative response of milk to the alcohol test as the fixed effect; a difference between averages was determined by Tukey's test (P?0.05). Results: Cheese made with Positive Milk to Alcohol, presented less consumer acceptance (P?0.05), a higher intensity of hardness, porosity and a lower residual taste (P?0.05). Limitations on study/implications: Alcohol test is variable, so it is necessary to do the test daily to separate the milk. Finding/conclusion: Cheese made from positive milk to alcohol test has less consumer acceptance due to its organoleptic characteristics.Objetivo: Determinar el rendimiento y las características sensoriales de quesos frescos elaborados con leche Positiva a la Prueba del Alcohol. Diseño/metodología: Se utilizó leche fresca proveniente de vacas cruzas de Brahman x Suizo Pardo Americano, las cuales se mantuvieron en pastoreo. Se seleccionaron once jueces con categoría de semientrenados. En el análisis sensorial se utilizaron las pruebas, triangular, dos de cinco, de aceptación, perfil de textura y perfil de sabor. En los perfiles de sabor y textura se utilizó una línea de 10 cm para señalar la intensidad. La prueba de aceptación se realizó a 50 consumidores sin entrenamiento. Los datos obtenidos se sometieron a un análisis de varianza, el efecto fijo y la respuesta positiva o negativa de la leche a la prueba del alcohol; la diferencia entre promedios se determinó con la prueba de Tukey (P? 0.05). Resultados: Se observó que el queso elaborado con leche Positiva a la Prueba del Alcohol presenta una menor aceptación (P?0.05), mayor intensidad de dureza y porosidad y un menor sabor residual (P?0.05). Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: El resultado a la prueba del alcohol es variable, por lo que es necesario hacer la prueba diariamente para separar la leche. Hallazgo/conclusión: El queso elaborado con leche positiva a la prueba del alcohol tiene menor aceptación por el consumidor debido a sus características organolépticas