Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Diabetes Who Exhibit Upper-Quartile Insulin Antibody Responses After Treatment with LY2963016 or Lantus® Insulin Glargine

<p><strong>Article full text</strong></p> <p><br> The full text of this article can be found <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13300-017-0253-8"><b>here</b>.</a><br> <br> <strong>Provide enhanced digital features for this article</strong><br> If you are an author of this publication and would like to provide additional enhanced digital features for your article then please contact <u>[email protected]</u>.<br> <br> The journal offers a range of additional features designed to increase visibility and readership. All features will be thoroughly peer reviewed to ensure the content is of the highest scientific standard and all features are marked as ‘peer reviewed’ to ensure readers are aware that the content has been reviewed to the same level as the articles they are being presented alongside. Moreover, all sponsorship and disclosure information is included to provide complete transparency and adherence to good publication practices. This ensures that however the content is reached the reader has a full understanding of its origin. No fees are charged for hosting additional open access content.<br> <br> Other enhanced features include, but are not limited to:<br> • Slide decks<br> • Videos and animations<br> • Audio abstracts<br> • Audio slides<u></u></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p

Baseline characteristics of study participants.

<p>Baseline characteristics of study participants.</p

Results for Hepcidin-25 among GH-deficient patients studied prior to and during one years of replacement with GH [25].

<p>Results for Hepcidin-25 among GH-deficient patients studied prior to and during one years of replacement with GH [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0148802#pone.0148802.ref025" target="_blank">25</a>].</p

Results for Hepcidin-25 during hyperthyroid vs euthyroid state [24].

<p>Results for Hepcidin-25 during hyperthyroid vs euthyroid state [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0148802#pone.0148802.ref024" target="_blank">24</a>].</p

Effect on hepcidin-25 level during initiation of in vitro fertilization using blood samples obtained when endogenous estrogens were low and high [26].

<p>Effect on hepcidin-25 level during initiation of in vitro fertilization using blood samples obtained when endogenous estrogens were low and high [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0148802#pone.0148802.ref026" target="_blank">26</a>].</p

Results for Hepcidin-25 before and after six month treatment of prolactinoma with dopamine agonist therapy [23].

<p>Results for Hepcidin-25 before and after six month treatment of prolactinoma with dopamine agonist therapy [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0148802#pone.0148802.ref023" target="_blank">23</a>].</p

Oxidative stress is higher in CKD and is associated with plasma myostatin.

<p>8-OHdG, an oxidative stress marker, was determined via an assay kit using blood collected from normal littermates (NL) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) rats at 35 weeks. Plasma levels of 8-OHdG were significantly higher in CKD (A) and correlated positively with plasma myostatin (B). Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 8 rats each group). *P<0.05, NL vs. CKD.</p

Mitochondria alterations in CKD.

<p>The EDL was collected from normal littermates (NL) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) rats at 35 weeks and processed for transmission electron microscope (EM) (40, 800 (print magnification, 23,000X direct magnification). The results demonstrated disrupted sarcomeres and engorged mitochondria (arrow) in CKD rats (upper right panel) compared to NL (upper left panel) (A). Qualitatively SDH immunostaining of the EDL was more prominent at 35 weeks of age in CKD (lower right panel) compared to that in NL (lower left panel) (B).</p

Myostatin is increased in plasma and muscle tissue in CKD.

<p>At 35 weeks, myostatin plasma levels were higher in chronic kidney disease (CKD) than normal littermates (NL) as determined by an ELISA (A). In EDL, via qRT-PCR analysis, myostatin expression was higher in CKD than NL at 35 weeks of age (B). Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 6 rats each group). *P<0.05, NL vs. CKD.</p

CKD skeletal muscle has higher protein expression of Nox4.

<p>Total protein was isolated from the EDL of 35 week old chronic kidney disease (CKD) and normal littermates (NL) rats and normalized to the total band of Ponceau S; Nox4 expression was significantly higher in CKD than NL. Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 8 rats each group) with representative Ponceau S image used for normalization. *P<0.05, NL vs. CKD</p