IHC Expression Relationships MMP7 and VEGF With Normal Ovaries and Ovarian Pathologies

To investigate the association of MMP7 and VEGF expression with ovarian cancer, benign ovarian cysts, and normal ovaries. This study was analytical research with case-control design. In the study, IHC expression of MMP7 and VEGF was carried out on paraffin block of ovarian cancer tissue, benign ovarian cyst, and normal ovary. In 40 subjects with ovarian tumors, 17 patients were found with positive MMP7 expression. In the control group, no subjects were found with positive MMP7 expression. There was a significant relationship between MMP7 expression and ovarian tumor incidence. Meanwhile, in 40 subjects with ovarian tumors, 21 patients were found with positive VEGF expression. In the control group, no subjects with positive VEGF expression were found. There was a significant relationship between VEGF expression and ovarian tumor incidence. There was a significant relationship between MMP7 and VEGF expression with ovarian tumor incidence

Gambaran Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Hiperemesis Gravidarum pada Trimester I Kehamilan

Background: Nausea and vomit are problems that often occur in the first trimester of pregnancy, and this can cause problems for pregnant women. Many people still have the perception that this is a normal occurrence, leading pregnant women to avoid medical examinations, resulting in potential side effects. This relates to the knowledge. Pregnant women with poor knowledge can lead to complications during pregnancy, while those with good knowledge will prevent complications. Objective: To describe pregnant women’s knowledge about hyperemesis gravidarum in the first trimester of pregnancy based on age, gravida, and academic. Methods: This research is an observational descriptive study with a cross-sectional research design, employing consecutive sampling method. Data were collected using primary data sources derived from questionnaire responses. Results: Based on data from 100 respondents, 28 people (28%) have good knowledge. 27 people (27%) have moderate knowledge. 45 people (45%) have poor knowledge. Conclusion: Most of pregnant women in this research belonged to the age group of 19-34 years, with primigravida and majority have poor knowledge. Keyword: Hyperemesis gravidarum, knowledge, pregnant women   Latar Belakang: Mual dan muntah merupakan masalah yang sering terjadi pada trimester pertama kehamilan dan hal ini dapat menimbulkan masalah pada ibu hamil. Masih banyak masyarakat yang memiliki pandangan bahwa hal tersebut normal terjadi, sehingga ibu hamil tidak melakukan pemeriksaan dan akan menimbulkan efek samping. Hal ini berkaitan dengan pengetahuan yang dimiliki oleh ibu hamil. Ibu hamil yang memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang terhadap hiperemesis gravidarum menyebabkan terjadinya komplikasi pada ibu hamil, sedangkan ibu hamil dengan pengetahuan yang baik akan mencegah terjadinya komplikasi. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil terhadap hiperemesis gravidarum pada trimester I kehamilan berdasarkan usia, pendidikan terakhir dan gravida. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dengan consecutive sampling. Data yang diambil menggunakan sumber data primer yang berasal dari pengisian kuesioner. Hasil: Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari 100 responden terdapat 28 orang (28%) memiliki pengetahuan baik. 27 orang (27%) memiliki pengetahuan cukup. 45 orang (45%) memiliki pengetahuan kurang. Kesimpulan: Mayoritas ibu hamil pada penelitian ini merupakan kelompok usia 19-34 tahun, dengan primigravida, dan mayoritas memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang. Kata Kunci: Hiperemesis gravidarum, ibu hamil, pengetahua

The Difference of Bax Protein Expression between Endometrioma and Ovarian Carcinoma

Background: Endometriosis is a benign disease that has malignant properties such as genetic polymorphism, loss control of cell proliferation, infiltration, and local spread or to distant places. Several endometriosis studies linking endometrioma/ ovarian endometriosis with an increased risk of ovarian malignancy give rise to a transformation phenomenon of endometriotic cysts into malignancy. Bax is a pro apoptotic protein whose expression decreases in a malignancy. This decrease is related to the poor prognosis of endometrioma and ovarian carcinoma. This study was aimed to identify the expression and the difference of Bax expression between endometrioma and ovarian carcinoma.Materials and Methods: Fifty of paraffin blocks of endometrioma tissue and ovarian carcinoma (serous, mucinous, clear cell, and endometrioid type) were examined by immunohistochemical using Bondmax Full Automatic with specific monoclonal antibody to identify Bax expression. The difference of Bax expression score between endometrioma tissue and ovarian carcinoma was tested by Mann-Whitney test with significant value was set at p0.05). No difference of Bax expression between the clinical stages and histopathological types of ovarian carcinoma (p>0.05).Conclusion: There are no statistically significant difference in Bax protein expression in ovarian cancer and endometrioma.Keywords: Bax expression, endometrioma, ovarian carcinoma, apoptotic resistance

Pengaruh Konsumsi Jamu Kunyit Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri pada Kejadian Dismenora pada Siswi SMA Negeri 2 Medan Tahun 2015

ABSTRAK   Dismenorea aadalah nyeri selama haid yang dirasakan di perut bawah atau di pinggang. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengurangi nyeri haid adalah mengkonsumsi minuman kunyit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsumsi minuman berbahan dasar kunyit terhadap penderita dismenorea pada siswi sekolah menengah atas. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest design dengan responden sebanyak 60 orang siswi yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dipilih dengan metode simple random sampling bertempat di SMA Negeri 2 Medan yang dilaksanakan selama Oktober-November 2015. Dari hasil penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode statistika non-parametrik Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test didapatkan bahwa ada pengaruh konsumsi minuman kunyit terhadap responden (p<0,05) yang dimana rata-rata hasil pretest (5,02) lebih besar daripada rata-rata hasil posttest (4,15) dan selisih rata-ratanya sebesar 0,867. Minuman kunyit dapat mengurangi tingkat nyeri pada penderita dismenorea yang bermakna secara statistik. Kata Kunci : Dismenorea, Kunyit   ABSTRACT   Dysmenorrhea is pain during menstruation that is felt in the lower abdomen or waist. One of the efforts being made to treat dysmenorrhea is consuming turmeric drink. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of consumption based drinks turmeric against dysmenorrhea patients on senior high schools students. The design of this research study is one group pretest-posttest design with respondents as many as 60 students who had met the inclusion and exclusion criteria that selected by simple random simple sampling method placed at SMAN 2 Medan during October-November 2015. From these study results by using statistical methods of non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test showed that there is influence of beverage consumption turmeric drink among respondents (p<0,05) that where the average results of pretest (5,02) is greater than the average posttest results (4,15) and the difference in the average of 0,867. The turmeric drink can reduce pain for dysmenorrhea patients with statistically significant. Keywords : Dysmenorrhea, Turmeri

Cervical Cancer Risk Factors at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan 2016-2018

The incidence of cervical cancer is still quite high. It is never separated from the risk factors that influence it. Some of them are sexually active, relatively young marital age,  have high parity, use of contraception, and smoking can increase a woman's potential for cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of patients about the risk factors for cervical cancer in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan in 2016-2018. This research method uses descriptive observational design with cross sectional using medical record data. The results of this study using consecutive sampling techniques, took 100 samples and obtained several characteristics are age of patients, age of marriage, marriage history, number of parities, use of contraception, and smoking history. From this study it can be concluded that the characteristics of the incidence of cervical cancer in the General Hospital of Haji Adam Malik Medan in 2016-2018 are 50-59 years old, marital age ≤ 20 years old, married once, multigravida, uses injection type of hormonal contraception , and not smoking