4 research outputs found

    El dolor en los pacientes hospitalizados: estudio transversal de la informaci贸n, la evaluaci贸n y el tratamiento

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    Objective: To propose and implement strategies to improve pain management in hospitals belonging to the Municipal Institute of Healthcare (Instituto Municipal de Asistencia Sanitaria, Barcelona, Spain), the Committee for Pain Evaluation and Treatment developed a questionnaire to be used in patients admitted to these centers to complement a previous survey of opinions and attitudes among hospital staff. Material and methods: We performed a cross-sectional opinion survey and review of medical records. The questions were grouped into five categories: information given to the patient on the importance of reporting and treating pain, the methods used to assess pain, the effect on activities of daily living during hospitalization, the treatment applied and satisfaction with pain management. A total of 325 adult patients hospitalized for more than 48 hours were surveyed. Patients with communication difficulties were excluded, as were psychiatric patients if the treating physician considered participation inappropriate. Patients were selected randomly. In the calculation of sample size, stratification was by hospital and patient type (acutely ill medical or surgical patients, long-stay patients and psychiatric patients). Descriptive statistics were compiled. Results: No information about the importance of reporting pain was received by 42.2% of the patients; 62.8% had been asked about pain intensity, the most frequent method used being a categorical scale (48.5%), followed by a verbal-numerical scale (35.8%). Most patients (76.9%) experienced some type of pain during admission; of these, 22% did not seek help for pain management. Overall, 85.8% of the patients felt that their pain had received sufficient attention, while 33.3% reported moderate or considerable limitation of daily activities due to pain while in hospital. The analgesia protocol prescribed in the largest proportion of the sample (31.1%) was a fixed-dose without rescue medication (31.1%). Satisfaction was high, with 76.9% of the patients being satisfied with the care received and 75.1% with the treatments used. Conclusions: Pain management in our centers should be improved by increasing the information given to patients and providing systematic pain evaluation. Protocols adapted to the needs of each department should be designed. Patient satisfaction is not an accurate indicator of the quality of pain management.Objetivo: Para proponer e implementar acciones de mejora en el manejo del control del dolor en los centros hospitalarios del IMAS (Institut Municipal d'Assit猫ncia Sanitaria), la Comisi贸n de Evaluaci贸n y Tratamiento del Dolor, elabor贸 un cuestionario dirigido a los pacientes ingresados en sus centros, que complement贸 un estudio previo destinado a conocer la opini贸n y la actitud de los profesionales hospitalarios. Material y m茅todos: Estudio transversal realizado mediante encuesta de opini贸n y revisi贸n de historia cl铆nica. Las preguntas se agruparon en 5 categor铆as: informaci贸n recibida acerca de la importancia de manifestar y tratar su dolor; m茅todos utilizados en su evaluaci贸n; repercusi贸n en las actividades de la vida diaria hospitalaria; tratamiento aplicado, y satisfacci贸n con el proceso de la gesti贸n del dolor. Se incluyeron 325 entrevistas realizadas a pacientes adultos con ingreso superior a 48 h, se excluyeron los que presentaban dificultad de comunicaci贸n y los ingresados en psiquiatr铆a en los que su m茅dico no consider贸 oportuna la entrevista. La selecci贸n de camas fue aleatoria y el c谩lculo de la muestra se realiz贸 estratificado por centro y 谩reas (agudos m茅dicos, agudos quir煤rgicos, larga estancia y psiquiatr铆a). Se realiz贸 un an谩lisis descriptivo. Resultados: Un 42,2% de los pacientes refiri贸 no haber recibido ning煤n tipo de informaci贸n acerca de la importancia de manifestar su dolor. A un 62,8% se le hab铆a preguntado sobre la intensidad de su dolor, siendo el m茅todo m谩s utilizado una escala categ贸rica (48,5%), seguido de la escala verbal num茅rica (35,8%). Un 76,9% de los pacientes hab铆a presentado alg煤n tipo de dolor durante su ingreso, y de 茅stos un 22% no hab铆a solicitado atenci贸n por dicho motivo. Globalmente, un 85,8% consider贸 que se le hab铆a prestado suficiente atenci贸n a su dolor. El 33,3% de los pacientes refi ri贸 bastante o mucha limitaci贸n en las actividades de la vida diaria hospitalaria por dolor. La pauta analg茅sica m谩s prescrita fue la fija sin rescate (31,1%). El grado de satisfacci贸n fue elevado: 76,9% con la atenci贸n recibida y 75,1% con los tratamientos aplicados. Conclusiones: Debe mejorarse el proceso de gesti贸n del dolor de nuestros centros, aumentando tanto la informaci贸n como la evaluaci贸n sistem谩tica del dolor. Es necesaria la elaboraci贸n de protocolos adaptados a cada 谩rea. El grado de satisfacci贸n de los pacientes no es un buen indicador de calidad del proceso de gesti贸n del dolor

    An谩lisis de la eficacia y seguridad del bloqueo iliofascial continuo para analgesia postoperatoria de artroplastia total de rodilla

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    Objective: the importance of acute postoperative pain lies in its high frequency, where inadequate treatment and the impact it has on the evolution and the patient's recovery. Iliofascial block may be a suitable technique for postoperative analgesia after total knee arthroplasty. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of the blockade iliofascial compared with epidural analgesia in postoperative effects in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia. We also evaluate if the iliofascial block is a safe analgesic technique, the complications, the adverse effects and the patient satisfaction. Material and methods: multicenter, prospective, randomized, observational, controlled, assessor blind, in 54 adult patients, ASA I-III, of both sexes, for total knee arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia. Patients included in the study were divided into two groups, BIF and BE. In the BIF group (n = 27), a iliofascial catheter was placed, while in the other group BE (n = 27), a lumbar epidural catheter (at L3-L4) was placed, both for continuous postoperative analghesia. Both groups received the same protocol with paracetamol and metamizol, and rescue with intravenous morphine bolus. Student t test was used to compare quantitative variables. p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: There were no differences between groups in postoperative pain measured by VAS scale in the first hour after surgery and at 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours. The supplemental analgesia consumption was similar in both groups. Both techniques were easy and showed no complications related to any of them. No differences in side effects, motor block level, the degree of satisfaction with the analgesia received or sleep quality. Discussion: in our study as the epidural catheter as the catheter iliofascial provide good control of postoperative pain after total knee arthroplasty, with a degree of satisfaction of patients as good to very good. According to our results we think that the iliofascial block seems a safe and effective technique, so we could join to the analgesic protocol of knee arthroplasty.Objetivo: la importancia del dolor agudo postoperatorio radica en su alta frecuencia, en su inadecuado tratamiento y en las repercusiones que tiene en la evoluci贸n y en la recuperaci贸n del paciente. El bloqueo iliofascial puede ser una t茅cnica adecuada para analgesia postoperatoria en la artroplastia total de rodilla. El objetivo de este estudio es valorar la eficacia y seguridad del bloqueo iliofascial, en comparaci贸n con el bloqueo epidural, a efectos de analgesia postquir煤rgica en pacientes sometidos a artroplastia total de rodilla bajo anestesia subaracnoidea. Se valor贸 adem谩s si la realizaci贸n del bloqueo iliofascial es una t茅cnica analg茅sica segura, las complicaciones derivadas de la misma, los efectos secundarios y el grado de satisfacci贸n del paciente. Material y m茅todos: estudio multic茅ntrico, prospectivo, aleatorio, observacional, controlado, con evaluador ciego, en 54 pacientes, adultos, ASA I-III, de ambos sexos, sometidos a cirug铆a de artroplastia total de rodilla bajo anestesia intradural. Los pacientes incluidos en el estudio se dividieron en dos grupos, BIF y BE. En el grupo BIF (n = 27) se coloc贸 un cat茅ter iliofascial, mientras que en el otro grupo BE (n = 27) se coloc贸 un cat茅ter epidural lumbar (a nivel L3-L4), en ambos casos para la analgesia postoperatoria continua. Ambos grupos recibieron el mismo protocolo analg茅sico con paracetamol y metamizol pautados, y rescate con bolos de morfina intravenosa. Se utiliz贸 t-Student para comparar las variables cuantitativas. Se consider贸 significativo (p < 0,05). Resultados: no hubo diferencias entre ambos grupos en el dolor postoperatorio, medido a trav茅s de la escala EVA en la primera hora tras la intervenci贸n y a las 8, 12, 24 y 48 horas. El consumo de analgesia suplementaria fue similar en ambos grupos. La facilidad para realizar ambas t茅cnicas fue similar y no se evidenciaron complicaciones relacionadas con ninguna de ellas. Tampoco se encontraron diferencias en los efectos secundarios, en el nivel de bloqueo motor, en el grado de satisfacci贸n por la analgesia recibida o en calidad de sue帽o. Discusi贸n: seg煤n nuestro estudio, tanto el cat茅ter epidural como el cat茅ter iliofascial aportan un buen control del dolor postoperatorio en artroplastia total de rodilla, con un grado de satisfacci贸n por parte de los pacientes de bueno a muy bueno. En base a nuestros resultados, parece que el bloqueo iliofascial es una t茅cnica efectiva y segura, por lo que podr铆a incorporarse al protocolo analg茅sico de artroplastia de rodilla

    Prevalencia y enfoque terap茅utico del dolor en el servicio de urgencias de un hospital universitario

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    Aim: To know the prevalence of pain and the therapeutic approach in an emergency department (ED). Material and methods: Cross-sectional study in the ED of a university hospital during 7 consecutive days was performed. The presence of pain was asked by a physician to patients older than 15 years admitted at ED. Patients admitted at Psychiatry, Obstetrics-Gynecology Emergency Department and those whose serious condition would not allow pain assessment in triage were excluded. The previous analgesic treatment, pain assessment, analgesic treatment in the ED and also scheduled treatment at discharge were later reviewed. Results: Six hundred and sixty-eight from 2,287 patients who were admitted at ED were analyzed. Five hundred and one patients reported pain (75 %), of which 45 were admitted and 456 were discharged at home (240 patients in level 1, 216 at level 2). The 24.5 % of the 501 patients who reported pain at admission were previously treated with analgesics. The 41.7 % of the 216 patients treated at level 2 received analgesic treatment during their stay [paracetamol (80.2 %), nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (50.0 %), co-analgesics (1.0 %), weak opioids (20.8 %), strong opioids (3.1 %)]. The 32.7 % of the 196 patients without documented pain assessment received analgesic treatment as required. In 69.4 % of the 456 patients who did not require hospitalization, analgesic treatment was prescribed or modified at discharge [paracetamol (55 %), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (67 %), co-analgesics (10 %), weak opioids (10 %), strong opioids (1.1 %)]. Conclusions: A high prevalence of pain (75 %) was found in patients admitted at ED. The 41.7 % received analgesic treatment during their stay and in 69.4 % of patients analgesia was prescribed at discharge. Low opioid prescription was detected.Objetivo: conocer la prevalencia de dolor y su enfoque terap茅utico en un servicio de urgencias. Material y m茅todos: estudio transversal llevado a cabo en el Servicio de Urgencias de un hospital universitario durante 7 d铆as consecutivos. El m茅dico de triaje interrog贸 sobre la presencia de dolor a los pacientes mayores de 15 a帽os que acud铆an a urgencias. Se excluyeron los pacientes atendidos en el Servicio de Psiquiatr铆a, Obstetricia-Ginecolog铆a y aquellos cuya gravedad no permit铆a la valoraci贸n del dolor en el triaje. Se revis贸 posteriormente el tratamiento analg茅sico previo a la visita, la evaluaci贸n del dolor, el tratamiento analg茅sico aplicado durante su estancia en urgencias y el tratamiento pautado al alta. Resultados: se analizaron 668 de los 2.287 pacientes que acudieron a urgencias durante el periodo del estudio. Presentaron dolor 501 pacientes (75 %), de los que 45 ingresaron y 456 fueron dados de alta a domicilio (240 pacientes procedentes de nivel 1 y 216 de nivel 2). El 24,5 % de los 501 pacientes que manifestaron tener dolor realizaba tratamiento analg茅sico previo. De los 216 pacientes atendidos en el nivel 2, el 41,7 % recibi贸 tratamiento analg茅sico durante su estancia [paracetamol (80,2 %), antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINE) (50 %), co-analg茅sicos (1 %), opioides d茅biles (20,8 %), opioides fuertes (3,1 %)]. El 32,7 % de los 196 pacientes sin registro de evaluaci贸n del dolor recibi贸 tratamiento analg茅sico a demanda. En un 69,4 % de los 456 pacientes que no precisaron ingreso, al alta se paut贸 analgesia o se modific贸 el tratamiento analg茅sico previo [paracetamol (55 %), AINE (67 %), co-analg茅sicos (10 %), opioides d茅biles (10 %), opioides fuertes (1,1 %)]. Conclusiones: se evidencia una elevada prevalencia de dolor (75 %) en los pacientes que acuden al servicio de urgencias. El 41,7 % de los pacientes que presentaban dolor recibi贸 tratamiento analg茅sico durante su estancia y en el 69,4 % de los pacientes que no precisaron ingreso se paut贸 analgesia al alta. Destaca la baja prescripci贸n de opioides

    Risk factors associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A prospective, longitudinal, unicenter study in Reus, Spain.

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    Spain is one of the countries that has suffered the most from the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the strain that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there is a lack of information on the characteristics of this disease in the Spanish population. The objective of this study has been to characterize our patients from an epidemiological point of view and to identify the risk factors associated with mortality in our geographical area. We performed a prospective, longitudinal study on 188 hospitalized cases of SARS-Cov-2 infection in Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, in Reus, Spain, admitted between 15th March 2020 and 30th April 2020. We recorded demographic data, signs and symptoms and comorbidities. We also calculated the Charlson and McCabe indices. A total of 43 deaths occurred during the study period. Deceased patients were older than the survivors (77.7 卤 13.1 vs. 62.8 卤 18.4 years; p < 0.001). Logistic regression analyses showed that fever, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, diabetes mellitus and cancer were the variables that showed independent and statistically significant associations with mortality. The Charlson index was more efficient than the McCabe index in discriminating between deceased and survivors. This is one of the first studies to describe the factors associated with mortality in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Spain, and one of the few in the Mediterranean area. We identified the main factors independently associated with mortality in our population. Further studies are needed to complete and confirm our findings
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