LOW FLOW ON THE RIVERS OF THE EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA AND ITS HAZARDS

This paper reviews the changes in river flow of the European part of Russia during the low-flow period, characterizing groundwater flow feeding. River flow oscillations were analyzed for winter and summer periods. Statistical analyses of average low flow and the minimum monthly summer and winter discharges for 1946–1977 and 1978–2010 showed significant positive trends for all parameters of low-water period. The greatest increase is observed in the Middle Volga, where low flow has almost doubled.The low flow discharges increased by up to 50–70 % in the center of the European part of Russia and the Upper Don and its tributaries, ranging from 0 to 30 % for the northern rivers. Despite the low flow increase, the lack of water in 2010 and 2014 caused economic damage. It is shown that the observed hydrological hazards occur as a result of snow melt draughts and water management instability

Meteorological information at three hydrological stations in the European part of Russia

Empirical study of the isotopic features of river runoff were carried out at three hydrological posts in 3 different river basins: the Zakza river in the southwest of the Moscow region, the Dubna river in the north of the Moscow region and the Sosna river in the Voronezh region.The amount of precipitation and the precipitation-weighted air temperature corresponding to the sampling intervals are given according to observations at meteorological stations in the basins of the studied rivers

Stable isotope composition (δ18O, δ2H) of river runoff, groundwater and precipitation at the Dubna River, Verbilki

Empirical study of the isotopic features of river runoff were carried out at three hydrological posts in 3 different river basins: the Zakza river in the southwest of the Moscow region, the Dubna river in the north of the Moscow region and the Sosna river in the Voronezh region. Samples of river water, groundwater and precipitation were collected at weekly intervals from September 2019 to October 2021. The analysis was performed by a Picarro L2130-i isotope analyzer. The accuracy was 0.04‰ for δ18О and 0.1‰ for δ2Н. The values are calibrated in the VSMOW-VSLAP scale