Bilateral Transplantation of Allogenic Adult Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into the Subventricular Zone of Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Clinical Study

The progress of PD and its related disorders cannot be prevented with the medications available. In this study, we recruited 8 PD and 4 PD plus patients between 5 to 15 years after diagnosis. All patients received BM-MSCs bilaterally into the SVZ and were followed up for 12 months. PD patients after therapy reported a mean improvement of 17.92% during “on” and 31.21% during “off” period on the UPDRS scoring system. None of the patients increased their medication during the follow-up period. Subjectively, the patients reported clarity in speech, reduction in tremors, rigidity, and freezing attacks. The results correlated with the duration of the disease. Those patients transplanted in the early stages of the disease (less than 5 years) showed more improvement and no further disease progression than the later stages (11–15 years). However, the PD plus patients did not show any change in their clinical status after stem cell transplantation. This study demonstrates the safety of adult allogenic human BM-MSCs transplanted into the SVZ of the brain and its efficacy in early-stage PD patients

Novel 1,2,4-triazole clubbed with 1,3,4-oxadiazole motifs as efficient antimicrobial agents from N-arylsydnone as synthon

1,2,4-Triazoles and 1,3,4-oxadiazoles independently are very important pharmacophores. In view of this, a new class of 1,2,4-triazole clubbed with 1,3,4-oxadiazole motifs have been prepared and characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectral analysis. Molecular docking of all the title compounds into S. aureus tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (PDB: 1JIJ) and lanosterol 14α-demethylase complex with standard inhibitor Fluconazole (PDB: 3KHM) was performed which snugly fitted into the active site thus explaining their excellent inhibitory activity exhibiting their possible antibacterial and antifungal activity, respectively. Drug-likeliness, Drug score values and toxicity prediction analyses of all the title compounds have shown favourable values and these molecules belong to Class 4 and Class 5 categories which make them useful scaffolds. Interestingly, the compounds 7h, 7i, 7k, 7u and 7v have exhibited majestic antibacterial activity. Also, these compounds have shown antifungal activity against all pathogenic fungal strains with lower MIC value ranging from 0.50 - 4.00 µg/mL

N

The title mol­ecule, C(12)H(12)FN(3)O(2)S, shows a short intra­molecular S⋯O contact of 2.682 (18) Å. The dihedral angle between the thia­diazole ring and the benzene ring is 86.82 (11)°. In the crystal, N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate an R (2) (1)(6) graph-set motif between adjacent mol­ecules. Pairs of futher C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds form inversion dimers with R (2) (2)(8) ring motifs. These combine to generate a three-dimensional network and stack the mol­ecules along the b axis

Analysis of Antibody and Cytokine Markers for Leprosy Nerve Damage and Reactions in the INFIR Cohort in India

Leprosy is one of the oldest known diseases. In spite of the established fact that it is least infectious and a completely curable disease, the social stigma associated with it still lingers in many countries and remains a major obstacle to self reporting and early treatment. The nerve damage that occurs in leprosy is the most serious aspect of this disease as nerve damage leads to progressive impairment and disability. It is important to identify markers of nerve damage so that preventive measures can be taken. This prospective cohort study was designed to look at the potential association of some serological markers with reactions and nerve function impairment. Three hundred and three newly diagnosed patients from north India were recruited for this study. The study attempts to reflect a model of nerve damage initiated by mycobacterial antigens and maintained by ongoing inflammation through cytokines such as Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha and perhaps extended by antibodies against nerve components

Role of dynamic CT perfusion study in evaluating various intracranial space-occupying lesions

Aims: Differentiating intracranial mass lesions on CT scan is challenging. The purpose of our study was to determine the perfusion parameters in various intracranial space-occupying lesions (ICSOL), differentiate benign and malignant lesions, and differentiate between grades of gliomas. Materials and Methods: We performed CT perfusion (CTP) in 64 patients, with age ranging from 17 to 68 years, having space-occupying lesions in brain and calculated relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV). Results: We found significantly lower perfusion in low-grade gliomas as compared to high-grade tumors, lymphoma, and metastases. Similarly in infective lesions, TWT and abscesses showed significantly lower perfusion compared to TOT. In ring enhancing lesions, capsule of TWT showed significantly lower perfusion as compared to abscesses, TOT, and metastases. Conclusion: Thus, in conclusion, infective lesions can be differentiated from tumors like lymphomas, high-grade gliomas, or metastases based on perfusion parameters. The cut off value of rCBV 1.64 can be used to differentiate between low grade and high grade gliomas. However, depending only on perfusion parameters, differentiation between the tumors like lymphomas, high-grade gliomas, and metastases may not be possible

Expeditious synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives via sydnones

The clean cyclization of chalcones (1a-c/2a-c) with hydrazine hydrate under microwave irradiation afforded pyrazolines derivatised with sydnone (3d-i/4d-i), which underwent 1,3-dipolar cyclo-addition with acetic anhydride to form pyrazolines appended with 1,3,4-oxadiazoles (5g-l/6g-l). The newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by spectral and elemental analyses. In comparison to classical heating, the results indicate that microwave irradiation affords higher yields, shorter reaction times (4-12 min) and cleaner reactions

Synthesis of 3-aryl-4-({2-[4-(6-substituted-coumarin-3-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]hydrazinylidene}methyl/ethyl)-sydnones using silica sulfuric acid and their antidiabetic, DNA cleavage activity

A novel one-pot synthesis of sydnones appended to coumarins (4a–r) via thiazole in presence of silica sulfuric acid as a heterogeneous catalyst is discussed. The use of low cost and reusable silica sulfuric acid as catalyst makes this process feasible and convenient. Further, the title compounds were screened for their α-amylase inhibition (antidiabetic) as well as DNA cleavage activities