742 research outputs found
L'CO/LFIR Relations with CO Rotational Ladders of Galaxies Across the Herschel SPIRE Archive
We present a catalog of all CO (J=4-3 through J=13-12)), [CI], [NII] lines
available from extragalactic spectra from the Herschel SPIRE Fourier Transform
Spectrometer (FTS) archive combined with observations of the low-J CO lines
from the literature and from the Arizona Radio Observatory. This work examines
the relationships between LFIR, L'CO, and LCO/LCO(1-0). We also present a new
method for estimating probability distribution functions (PDFs) from marginal
signal-to-noise ratio Herschel} FTS spectra, which takes into account the
instrumental "ringing" and the resulting highly correlated nature of the
spectra. The slopes of log(LFIR) vs. log(L'CO) are linear for all mid- to
high-J CO lines and slightly sublinear if restricted to (U)LIRGs. The mid- to
high-J CO luminosity relative to CO J=1-0 increases with increasing LFIR,
indicating higher excitement of the molecular gas, though these ratios do not
exceed ~ 180. For a given bin in LFIR, the luminosities relative to CO J=1-0
remain relatively flat from J=6-5 through J=13-12, across three orders of
magnitude of LFIR. A single component theoretical photon-dominated region (PDR)
model cannot match these flat SLED shapes, though combinations of PDR models
with mechanical heating added qualitatively match the shapes, indicating the
need for further comprehensive modeling of the excitation processes of warm
molecular gas in nearby galaxies.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures (including appendix), accepted by ApJ. Full
tables will be in VizieR upon publication, email first author for tables in
the meantim
Continuous loading of an electrostatic trap for polar molecules
A continuously operated electrostatic trap for polar molecules is
demonstrated. The trap has a volume of ~0.6 cm^3 and holds molecules with a
positive Stark shift. With deuterated ammonia from a quadrupole velocity
filter, a trap density of ~10^8/cm^3 is achieved with an average lifetime of
130 ms and a motional temperature of ~300 mK. The trap offers good starting
conditions for high-precision measurements, and can be used as a first stage in
cooling schemes for molecules and as a "reaction vessel" in cold chemistry.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures v2: several small improvements, new intr
Trapping of Neutral Rubidium with a Macroscopic Three-Phase Electric Trap
We trap neutral ground-state rubidium atoms in a macroscopic trap based on
purely electric fields. For this, three electrostatic field configurations are
alternated in a periodic manner. The rubidium is precooled in a magneto-optical
trap, transferred into a magnetic trap and then translated into the electric
trap. The electric trap consists of six rod-shaped electrodes in cubic
arrangement, giving ample optical access. Up to 10^5 atoms have been trapped
with an initial temperature of around 20 microkelvin in the three-phase
electric trap. The observations are in good agreement with detailed numerical
simulations.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
A Three Dimensional Lattice of Ion Traps
We propose an ion trap configuration such that individual traps can be
stacked together in a three dimensional simple cubic arrangement. The isolated
trap as well as the extended array of ion traps are characterized for different
locations in the lattice, illustrating the robustness of the lattice of traps
concept. Ease in the addressing of ions at each lattice site, individually or
simultaneously, makes this system naturally suitable for a number of
experiments. Application of this trap to precision spectroscopy, quantum
information processing and the study of few particle interacting system are
discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 4 Figures. Fig 1 appears as a composite of 1a, 1b, 1c and
1d. Fig 2 appears as a composite of 2a, 2b and 2
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