The future of hierarchical structure in organizations

In the second half of the twentieth century organizational systems did change the way of management. Through the introduction of informatics and emphasis on the importance of human resources, management process has obtained a new design, very different from the classic one that dominated the first half of the twentieth century. This especially applies to reduced hierarchical structure in corporate systems and elimination of the so-called ‘deep range’ of organization and management, as well as new concepts of management and direction of joint work. The aim of this paper is to highlight the changes that are expected in the design of organizations in the coming period in terms of hierarchy, in order for companies to get ready and be prepared for the upcoming changes in the organizational systems

Evidence of Aujeszky s disease in wild boar in Serbia

Background: Aujeszkys disease is a viral disease of suids caused by Suid Herpesvirus 1. The disease has worldwide distribution with significant economic impact. In Serbia, there is neither an Aujeszkys disease eradication nor national vaccination programme of domestic pigs. Since clinical symptoms of Aujeszkys disease are not specific, it is important to establish a link between clinical signs and presence of ADV active infection in wild boars. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of active infection within wild boar showing signs of ADV and also to examine relationship between isolates from domestic pigs and wild boar. Having in mind that virus has not been previously isolated from wild boars in Serbia, we report the first isolation of Suid Herpesvirus 1 from this species in Serbia. Results: Tissue and serum samples from 40 wild boars from eastern Serbia were examined for evidence of Aujeszkys disease (AD). Suid Herpesvirus 1 (SHV1), the cause of AD was isolated on PK15 cell line from three tissue samples, inducing cytopathic effect (CPE) with syncytia forming, and viral genome was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in eight samples. Genetic analysis of us4, us9 and ul49.5 partial sequences showed high homology between ADV isolates from wild boars and between isolates from wild boars and domestic animals. Neutralizing antibodies were not detected by virus neutralisation test (VNT) in sera from four out of eight PCR positive wild boars suggesting recent infection in those animals. Conclusions: This is the first demonstration of Aujeszkys disease virus (ADV) in the wild boar population in Serbia although seroconversion has been detected previously

Structural characterization of Kalsilite

Thermally induced phase transformation of K-exchange LTA zeolite is followed in the range from room temperature to 1500 ºC. The frameworks collapse into amorphous intermediate products after heating between 600 and 650 °C. Prolonged heating of the intermediate product over 1100 °C results directly in formation a kalsilite [a= 8.1095 (4) Å, b =12.824 (4) Å, c =7.0674 (4) Å, β =115.89 °(3)]. The crystale phases of kalsilite in temperature range between 700 and 1500°C was investigated by X-ray powder analyses

Forensic Science and Fractal Nature Analysis

The forensic photography, also referred to as crime scene photography, is an activity that records the initial appearance of the crime scene and physical evidence, in order to provide a permanent record for the court. Now a day, we can imagine the crime scene investigation without photography evidence. Crime or accident scene photographs can often be re-analysed in cold cases or when the images need to be enlarged to show critical details. Fractals are rough or fragmented geometric shape that can be subdivided in parts, each of which is a reduced copy of the whole Fractal dimension (FD) is an important fractal geometry feature. There are many applications in various fields including image processing, image analysis, texture segmentation, shape classification and identifying the image features such as roughness and smoothness of an image. The damage image can be reviewed, analyzed and reconstructed by fractals

Methods of detection and typing of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from animals

In this work there was evaluated the method of detection of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by using two molecular and three phenotypic tests in investigation procedure of 70 strains of S.aureus isolated from animals. Recent findings of the new mecA homologue, mecALGA251, minimise the significance of mecA gene presence detection as a confirmation method of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus identification. For this reason, along with multiplex PCR set of primers(165rDNK, nuc, mecA) for detection mecA gene, there was also used multiplex PCR set of primers (spa, mecA, pvl, mecALGA251) for differentiation mecALGA251 from mecA, with simultaneous detection of luk-PV and spa gene fragments. In all 70 investigated isolates there was detected the presence of specific 16 SrDNK fragment and nuc gene which encodes a thermostable S. aureus nuclease, while in 5 out of 70 S. aureus isolates, there was proven mecA gene presence using two multiplex PCR tests. In the investigated strains there was determined neither mecC (mecALGA251)gene presence, nor Panton Valentine Leukocidin encoding gene. By application cefoxitin disk-diffusion, latex-agglutination and two multiplex PCR tests, the identical results in identification 5 methicillin resistant out of 70 investigated S. aureus strains were obtained. In our investigation there was determined a complete correlation between the results of phenotypic and genotypic identification of methicillin resistant S. aureus. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR 31079

Microstructure and EDS Characterization of Doped BaTiO3 Ceramics

The purpose of this paper is an investigation of the effects of various dopants (La, Nb, Sb) on the microstructure properties, phase composition and contact surface of BaTiO3 based ceramics. The doped BaTiO3-ceramics were prepared by conventional solid state procedure and sintered up to 1350oC for four hours. The concentration of additive were range from 0.1 to 5.0 at% of La, Nb or Sb. The grain size and microstructure characteristics for various samples and their phase composition was carried out using a scanning electron microscope SEM (JEOL-JSM 5300) equipped with EDS (QX 2000S) system. The homogeneous and completely fine-grained was observed in samples doped with low concentration of dopant (0.1 and 0.5 at %). EDS analysis of this samples did not reveal any dopant-rich regions, which indicated a uniform incorporation of dopants within the samples. In high doped samples, apart from the fine grained matrix, the appearance of local area with secondary abnormal grains was observed. The increase of dopant concentration leads to the appearance of dopant-rich regions between grains

Seroprevalence of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in swine originated from commercial farms in Serbia

Porcine pleuropneumonia caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (A.pleuropneumoniae) is one of the most important respiratory diseases of pigs and causes worldwide severe losses in pig farming. For A.pleuropneumoniae control and monitoring, the detection of ApxIV antibodies in the serum is the most frequently used serological method. The aim of this study was to investigate presence of antibodies against A. pleuropneumoniae in blood sera of gilts and sows using the ELISA test. Samples were taken from gilts and sows originating from four commercial swine farms in Serbia. For detection of ApxIV antibodies, commercial ELISA kit was used. A total of 453 blood sera samples of gilts (207) and sows (246) were examined. Antibodies against A. pleuropneumoniae were detected in 57 (12.58%) sera. Antibodies were present in 22 (10.62 %) sera of gilts and in 35(14.22%) sera of sows. Percentage of positive sera differed among the farms, ranging in gilts from 3.33-17.77 % and in sows from 8.95-22.64%. Serological methods is one of the most important procedures in the diagnosis of porcine pleuropneumonia particularly suitable for the control of animal health status in a large breeding

Detekcija i genotipizacija izolata virusa klasične kuge svinja u Srbiji

Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious disease of pigs leading to significant economic losses worldwide. Classical swine fever virus can be classified into three genogroups, each consisting of three or four subgroups. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the genotypes of CSFV isolates in Republic of Serbia. This study, based on the sequences analysis of partial E2 gene and 5' non coding region (NCR) of 15 CSFV isolated during 2006-2008 from domestic pigs, revealed that all were clustered into genetic group 2.3. Additionally, we showed that the two most often used real time RT-PCR assays were able to detect all local CSF viruses circulated in Serbia in the last years during intensive vaccination campaign against CSF.Klasična kuga svinja (CSF) je visoko kontagiozno oboljenje svinja koje dovodi do značajnih ekonomskih gubitaka širom sveta. Na osnovu genetske strukture, virus klasicne kuge svinja podeljen je utri genogrupe, od kojih svaka ima tri ili četiri podgrupe. Nedostaju podaci o tome koji genotipovi virusa klasične kuge svinja na teritoriji Republike Srbije cirkulišu u prijemčivoj populaciji. Sekvencioniranjem dela E2 gena i 5’nekodirajućeg regiona (NCR) 15 izolata virusa klasične kuge svinja prikupljenih u periodu od 2006-2008 godine, poreklom od domaćih svinja, dokazano je da svi pripadaju genetskoj grupi 2.3. Uz to, dokazano je i da je upotrebom dva najčešće korišćena real time RT-PCR protokola moguće detektovati sve lokalne izolate virusa klasične kuge svinja koji cirkulišu u Srbiji poslednjih godina, u kojoj se uporedo vršila i intenzivna vakcinacija protiv ove bolesti

Characterization of Tamnava clay by X-ray powder diffraction method

The X-ray powder diffraction method on a polycrystalline sample is one of the basic methods used in the characterization of aluminosilicate minerals.The clay minerals represent a complex system, in which more than one phase is present.The main problems in analysis of clay minerals is weak crystallinity, preferential orientation, as well as the appearance of asymmetry.In this paper are presented the results of analysis of smectic type clay from Tamnava area. For investigation was use the method of X-ray powder diffraction and SEM analysis.IX Serbian Ceramic Society Conference - Advanced Ceramics and Application : new frontiers in multifunctional material science and processing : program and the book of abstracts; September 20-21, 2021; Belgrad

Forensic Fractal Nature Applications

Fractals are fragmented geometric shapes based on each or parts self-similarity. Fractal dimension (FD) is the most important characteristics in fractal nature analysis. There are many fractals applications including the forensic photography. The fractals image reconstruction is very important for modern forensic science. Here we demonstrate the very new original fractal applications in forensic sciences. This is a quite new application in crime investigations specifically in latent fingerprinting within biometric analysis. All of these open a new frontier in falsificates, financial and generally economic crime scene areas