Table_1_Toward revolutionizing water-energy-food nexus composite index model: from availability, accessibility, and governance.DOCX

The water-energy-food (WEF) nexus has emerged as a critical research interest to support integrated resource planning, management, and security. For this reason, many tools have been developed recently to evaluate the WEF nexus security and monitor progress toward the WEF-related sustainable development goals. Among these, calculating the WEF composite index model is critical since it can provide a quantitative approach to demonstrate the WEF nexus security status. However, the current WEF nexus index model framework needs to include the incorporation of governance indicators, neglecting the importance of governance in the WEF nexus framework. Thus, this article develops a new WEF nexus composite index model that incorporates governance indicators in each subpillar. The principal component analysis (PCA) is adopted to reduce the variables’ collinearity and the model’s dimensionality. A quasi-Monte Carlo-based uncertainty and global sensitivity analysis are applied to the index model to assess its effectiveness. Finally, the new WEF index model is applied to the 16 South African Development Community (SADC) countries as a case study. A critical synergy effect within the WEF nexus framework is identified that nations with better WEF governance ability tend to perform better in improving the WEF accessibility capability, suggesting the importance of governance in the WEF nexus security framework.</p

Diiodo-Bodipy-Encapsulated Nanoscale Metal–Organic Framework for pH-Driven Selective and Mitochondria Targeted Photodynamic Therapy

We report herein a new ZIF-90-based PDT agent which was synthesized by in situ assembly of imidazole-2-carboxaldehyde (IcaH), Zn­(NO₃)₂, and heavy atom iodine-attached Bodipy. The obtained 2I-BodipyPhNO₂@ZIF-90 (<b>1</b>) host–guest photosensitive system featured low cytotoxicity, good biocompatibility, pH-driven selective cancer cell uptake and release, mitochondria targeting, and highly efficient pH-triggered ¹O₂ generation. Therefore, it can be used as a high-performing PDT agent to selectively kill tumor cells. In comparison to free 2I-BodipyPhNO₂, <b>1</b> exhibits a much higher antitumor efficacy and selectivity, which was confirmed by in vitro cell experiments

A Multifunctional Covalent Organic Framework Nanozyme for Promoting Ferroptotic Radiotherapy against Esophageal Cancer

Radiotherapy is inevitably accompanied by some degree of radiation resistance, which leads to local recurrence and even therapeutic failure. To overcome this limitation, herein, we report the room-temperature synthesis of an iodine- and ferrocene-loaded covalent organic framework (COF) nanozyme, termed TADI-COF-Fc, for the enhancement of radiotherapeutic efficacy in the treatment of radioresistant esophageal cancer. The iodine atoms on the COF framework not only exerted a direct effect on radiotherapy, increasing its efficacy by increasing X-ray absorption, but also promoted the radiolysis of water, which increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, the ferrocene surface decoration disrupted redox homeostasis by increasing the levels of hydroxyl and lipid peroxide radicals and depleting intracellular antioxidants. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments substantiated the excellent radiotherapeutic response of TADI-COF-Fc. This study demonstrates the potential of COF-based multinanozymes as radiosensitizers and suggests a possible treatment integration strategy for combination oncotherapy

New Family of Octagonal-Prismatic Lanthanide Coordination Cages Assembled from Unique Ln₁₇ Clusters and Simple Cliplike Dicarboxylate Ligands

Novel high-nuclearity lanthanide clusters (Ln₁₇) are generated in situ in the coordination-driven self-assembly. A metal-cluster-directed symmetry strategy for building metal coordination cages is successfully applied to a lanthanide system for the first time. A new family of octagonal-prismatic lanthanide coordination cages <b>UJN-Ln</b>, formulated as [Ln­(μ₃-OH)₈]­[Ln₁₆(μ₄-O)­(μ₄-OH)­(μ₃-OH)₈(H₂O)₈(μ₄-dcd)₈]­[(μ₃-dcd)₈]·22H₂O (Ln = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, and Er; dcd = 3,3-dimethylcyclopropane-1,2-dicarboxylate dianion), have been assembled from the unique Ln₁₇ clusters and simple cliplike ligand H₂dcd. Apart from featuring aesthetically charming structures, all of the compounds present predominantly antiferromagnetic coupling between the corresponding lanthanide ions. Additionally, the intense-green photoluminescence for <b>UJN-Tb</b> and magnetic relaxation behavior for <b>UJN-Dy</b> have been observed. Remarkably, <b>UJN-Gd</b> shows a large magnetocaloric effect (MCE) with an impressive entropy change value of 42.3 J kg^–1 K^–1 for Δ<i>H</i> = 7.0 T at 2.0 K due to the high-nuclearity cluster and the lightweight ligand. The studies highlight the structural diversity of multigonal-prismatic metal coordination cages and provide a new direction in the design of cagelike multifunctional materials by the introduction of lanthanide clusters and other suitable cliplike ligands

One-Pot Synthetic Approach toward Porphyrinatozinc and Heavy-Atom Involved Zr-NMOF and Its Application in Photodynamic Therapy

Herein, we report an iodine-attached Zn­(II)-porphyrinic dicarboxylic building block (ZnDTPP-I₂-2H, <b>1</b>) that can be introduced into UiO-66 NMOF via one-pot synthetic approach to generate a new ZnDTPP-I₂ doped UiO-66 type nano metal–organic framework (NMOF) of ZnDTPP-I₂⊂UiO-66 (<b>2</b>). Compared to its homologous iodine-free NMOF of ZnDTPP⊂UiO-66 (<b>4</b>), ZnDTPP-I₂⊂UiO-66 (<b>2</b>) with heavy iodine atoms is a more effective nanosized photosensitizer for singlet oxygen generation under physiological conditions. As expected, <b>2</b> displayed a high photodynamic therapy efficacy for treatment of liver cancer cells in vitro

Needle-like Co₃O₄ Anchored on the Graphene with Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Aqueous Supercapacitors

We synthesized the needle-like cobalt oxide/graphene composites with different mass ratios, which are composed of cobalt oxide (Co₃O₄ or CoO) needle homogeneously anchored on graphene nanosheets as the template, by a facile hydrothermal method. Without the graphene as the template, the cobalt precursor tends to group into urchin-like spheres formed by many fine needles. When used as electrode materials of aqueous supercapacitor, the composites of the needle-like Co₃O₄/graphene (the mass ratio of graphene oxide­(GO) and Co­(NO₃)₂·6H₂O is 1:5) exhibit a high specific capacitance of 157.7 F g^–1 at a current density of 0.1 A g^–1 in 2 mol L^–1 KOH aqueous solution as well as good rate capability. Meanwhile, the capacitance retention keeps about 70% of the initial value after 4000 cycles at a current density of 0.2 A g^–1. The enhancement of excellent electrochemical performances may be attributed to the synergistic effect of graphene and cobalt oxide components in the unique multiscale structure of the composites