Additional file 3 of Genome-wide identification and characterization of AP2/ERF gene superfamily during flower development in Actinidia eriantha

Additional file 3: Table S3. The basic information of AP2/ERF gene family in A. eriantha and A. chinensis

Reductive Elimination from Phosphine-Ligated Alkylpalladium(II) Amido Complexes To Form sp³ Carbon–Nitrogen Bonds

We report the formation of phosphine-ligated alkylpalladium­(II) amido complexes that undergo reductive elimination to form alkyl-nitrogen bonds and a combined experimental and computational investigation of the factors controlling the rates of these reactions. The free-energy barriers to reductive elimination from <i>t</i>-Bu₃P-ligated complexes were significantly lower (ca. 3 kcal/mol) than those previously reported from NHC-ligated complexes. The rates of reactions from complexes containing a series of electronically and sterically varied anilido ligands showed that the reductive elimination is slower from complexes of less electron-rich or more sterically hindered anilido ligands than from those containing more electron-rich and less hindered anilido ligands. Reductive elimination of alkylamines also occurred from complexes bearing bidentate P,O ligands. The rates of reactions of these four-coordinate complexes were slower than those for reactions of the three-coordinate, <i>t</i>-Bu₃P-ligated complexes. The calculated pathway for reductive elimination from rigid, 2-methoxyarylphosphine-ligated complexes does not involve initial dissociation of the oxygen. Instead, reductive elimination is calculated to occur directly from the four-coordinate complex in concert with a lengthening of the Pd–O bond. To investigate this effect experimentally, a four-coordinate Pd­(II) anilido complex containing a flexible, aliphatic linker between the P and O atoms was synthesized. Reductive elimination from this complex was faster than that from the analogous complex containing the more rigid, aryl linker. The flexible linker enables full dissociation of the ether ligand during reductive elimination, leading to the faster reaction of this complex

Reductive Elimination from Phosphine-Ligated Alkylpalladium(II) Amido Complexes To Form sp³ Carbon–Nitrogen Bonds

We report the formation of phosphine-ligated alkylpalladium­(II) amido complexes that undergo reductive elimination to form alkyl-nitrogen bonds and a combined experimental and computational investigation of the factors controlling the rates of these reactions. The free-energy barriers to reductive elimination from <i>t</i>-Bu₃P-ligated complexes were significantly lower (ca. 3 kcal/mol) than those previously reported from NHC-ligated complexes. The rates of reactions from complexes containing a series of electronically and sterically varied anilido ligands showed that the reductive elimination is slower from complexes of less electron-rich or more sterically hindered anilido ligands than from those containing more electron-rich and less hindered anilido ligands. Reductive elimination of alkylamines also occurred from complexes bearing bidentate P,O ligands. The rates of reactions of these four-coordinate complexes were slower than those for reactions of the three-coordinate, <i>t</i>-Bu₃P-ligated complexes. The calculated pathway for reductive elimination from rigid, 2-methoxyarylphosphine-ligated complexes does not involve initial dissociation of the oxygen. Instead, reductive elimination is calculated to occur directly from the four-coordinate complex in concert with a lengthening of the Pd–O bond. To investigate this effect experimentally, a four-coordinate Pd­(II) anilido complex containing a flexible, aliphatic linker between the P and O atoms was synthesized. Reductive elimination from this complex was faster than that from the analogous complex containing the more rigid, aryl linker. The flexible linker enables full dissociation of the ether ligand during reductive elimination, leading to the faster reaction of this complex

Estimated values of the axonal volume fraction for all cases.

<p>Estimated values of the axonal volume fraction for all cases.</p

Rare Examples of Fe(IV) Alkyl-Imide Migratory Insertions: Impact of FeC Covalency in (Me₂IPr)Fe(NAd)R₂ (R = ^neoPe, 1‑nor)

The iron­(IV) imide complexes, (Me₂IPr)–R₂Fe=NAd (R = ^neoPe (<b>3a</b>), 1-nor (<b>3b</b>)) undergo migratory insertion to iron­(II) amides (Me₂IPr)­RFe­{NR­(Ad)} (R = ^neoPe (<b>4a</b>), 1-nor (<b>4b</b>)) without evidence of imidyl or free nitrene character. By increasing the field strength about iron, odd-electron reactivity was circumvented via increased covalency

Typical microscopic images with 2x (left) and 100x (right) magnifications taken from ROI#5 of one of our cases.

<p>Nuclei are colorless; myelin is blue and axons are black in the stained sections.</p

Reductive Elimination from Phosphine-Ligated Alkylpalladium(II) Amido Complexes To Form sp³ Carbon–Nitrogen Bonds

We report the formation of phosphine-ligated alkylpalladium­(II) amido complexes that undergo reductive elimination to form alkyl-nitrogen bonds and a combined experimental and computational investigation of the factors controlling the rates of these reactions. The free-energy barriers to reductive elimination from <i>t</i>-Bu₃P-ligated complexes were significantly lower (ca. 3 kcal/mol) than those previously reported from NHC-ligated complexes. The rates of reactions from complexes containing a series of electronically and sterically varied anilido ligands showed that the reductive elimination is slower from complexes of less electron-rich or more sterically hindered anilido ligands than from those containing more electron-rich and less hindered anilido ligands. Reductive elimination of alkylamines also occurred from complexes bearing bidentate P,O ligands. The rates of reactions of these four-coordinate complexes were slower than those for reactions of the three-coordinate, <i>t</i>-Bu₃P-ligated complexes. The calculated pathway for reductive elimination from rigid, 2-methoxyarylphosphine-ligated complexes does not involve initial dissociation of the oxygen. Instead, reductive elimination is calculated to occur directly from the four-coordinate complex in concert with a lengthening of the Pd–O bond. To investigate this effect experimentally, a four-coordinate Pd­(II) anilido complex containing a flexible, aliphatic linker between the P and O atoms was synthesized. Reductive elimination from this complex was faster than that from the analogous complex containing the more rigid, aryl linker. The flexible linker enables full dissociation of the ether ligand during reductive elimination, leading to the faster reaction of this complex

A typical PGSE sequence. δ is the gradient pulse width and Δ is the diffusion time.

<p>A typical PGSE sequence. δ is the gradient pulse width and Δ is the diffusion time.</p

Measured values of the axon diameter for all cases.

<p>Measured values of the axon diameter for all cases.</p

Illustration of the segmented regions of the corpus callosum fiber tract overlaid on the FA map.

<p>For each subject, the CC is segmented into three regions manually: left, right, and center. Our proposed model is applied to these regions and only the center part is used for validating the model using histological data.</p