Reversal of multidrug resistance and evaluation of anticancer drugs employing in vivo hollow fiber tests.

Reversal of multidrug resistance and evaluation of anticancer drugs employing in vivo hollow fiber tests

Comparative study of trimming and resection of diseased finger superficial flexor tendons in gouty carpal tunnel syndrome

Abstract Background Hyperuricemia can lead to synovial hyperplasia in the wrist. In severe cases, it can lead to the deposition of gouty stone in the carpal tunnel, resulting in increased pressure in the carpal tunnel and compression of the median nerve to cause carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), which is called gouty carpal tunnel syndrome (GCTS). As for the surgical treatment of gouty carpal tunnel syndrome, scholars have different opinions on whether it is necessary to remove the superficial flexor tendon. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of trimming and resection of the diseased superficial flexor tendon in the treatment of gouty carpal tunnel syndrome. Methods Clinical data were collected from May 2016 to July 2021 from 10 patients (13 affected wrists) diagnosed with gouty carpal tunnel syndrome and classified into two groups according to the surgical modality: the diseased portion of the gout-eroded superficial finger tendon was trimmed in 9 wrists, and the diseased superficial finger flexor tendon was excised in 4 wrists. Values related to flexion and extension functions, 2-PD, DASH, BCTQ, VAS and recurrence in the affected fingers were compared between the two groups as well as before and after surgery in each group. Results All affected limbs used were cleared of gouty stones, finger numbness improved, no skin necrosis occurred, and all incisions healed at stage I. At follow-up (13.58 ± 5.53 months), there was no significant difference between groups in flexion and extension function, 2-PD, DASH, BCTQ, and VAS with respect to the affected fingers, and patients in both groups improved significantly before and after surgery. Treatment of only one wrist involved trimming to remove lesion-affected portions of tendon, which reappeared 1 year after surgery, and there was one case of poor recovery from greater piriformis muscle atrophy in both procedures. Conclusion Regarding surgical treatment of patients with gouty carpal tunnel syndrome in which the gouty stone has invaded the superficial flexor tendons of the fingers, the diseased superficial flexor tendons can be selectively excised, and the postoperative mobility of the affected fingers may not be impaired

Potential anticancer activity of naturally occurring and semi-synthetic derivatives of aculeatins A and B from Amomum aculeatumatum

Activity-guided fractionation of hexanes- and CHCl(3)-soluble extracts of Amomum aculeatum leaves, collected in Indonesia, led to the isolation of three new dioxadispiroketal-type (3-5) and two new oxaspiroketal-type (6 and 7) derivatives. Nine semisynthetic derivatives (1a-1h and 2a) of the parent compounds, aculeatins A (1) and B (2), were prepared. All isolates and semisynthetic compounds were tested against a small panel of human cell lines. Of these, aculeatin A (1; ED(50) 0.2-1.0 mu M) was found to be among the most cytotoxic of the compounds tested and was further evaluated in an in vivo hollow fiber assay; it was found to be active against MCF-7 (human breast cancer) cells implanted intraperitoneally at doses of 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg. However, when 1 was tested using P388 lymphocytic leukemia and human A2780 ovarian carcinoma in vivo models, it was deemed to be inactive at the doses used