Examining Vaccine Hesitancy Trends in an Underserved Population at a Student-Run Free Clinic

Title: Examining Vaccine Hesitancy Trends in an Underserved Population at a Student-Run Free Clinic Authors: John Pum, Cameron Bear, Dhiraj Tadikamalla, Hasti Nema, Robert Sherwin M.D. Introduction: The global debate surrounding the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines has triggered widespread vaccination hesitancy, impacting not only COVID-19 immunizations but also other vaccines. This study investigates whether a parallel trend exists within a Student-Run Free Clinic (SRFC), focusing on an underserved population disproportionately affected by the pandemic. Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted by coordinators of Cass Clinic, a Detroit-based SRFC. Patients included were individuals 18 or older who received the influenza vaccine at Cass Clinic from 2013 to 2022. Data collected through optional pre-vaccination surveys involved 248 individuals divided into pre-COVID (2012-2019, n=193) and post-COVID (2020-2022, n=55) groups. Demographic details, vaccine concerns, and their impact on the decision to vaccinate were assessed to understand patient decision-making factors and how SRFCs are bridging the gap in providing vaccination care. T-tests and z-tests were used for statistical analysis, with significance set at p \u3c 0.05. Results: Pre-COVID, 42.55% of patients receiving flu vaccination had concerns and post-COVID 15.09% of patients had concerns which demonstrates a significant decrease in vaccine concerns among the Cass patients (p=0.00019, \u3c0.05). Conclusion: Contrary to the global trend, Cass Clinic observed a noteworthy reduction in vaccine hesitancy post-COVID, highlighting the distinctive role of SRFCs in fostering vaccination adherence, especially among vulnerable and underserved populations. This unexpected divergence prompts further investigation into the clinic\u27s effective strategies, contributing valuable insights to public health efforts aimed at promoting vaccination in marginalized communities

Benchmarking implementations of functional languages with ‘Pseudoknot', a float-intensive benchmark

Over 25 implementations of different functional languages are benchmarked using the same program, a floating-point intensive application taken from molecular biology. The principal aspects studied are compile time and execution time for the various implementations that were benchmarked. An important consideration is how the program can be modified and tuned to obtain maximal performance on each language implementation. With few exceptions, the compilers take a significant amount of time to compile this program, though most compilers were faster than the then current GNU C compiler (GCC version 2.5.8). Compilers that generate C or Lisp are often slower than those that generate native code directly: the cost of compiling the intermediate form is normally a large fraction of the total compilation time. There is no clear distinction between the runtime performance of eager and lazy implementations when appropriate annotations are used: lazy implementations have clearly come of age when it comes to implementing largely strict applications, such as the Pseudoknot program. The speed of C can be approached by some implementations, but to achieve this performance, special measures such as strictness annotations are required by non-strict implementations. The benchmark results have to be interpreted with care. Firstly, a benchmark based on a single program cannot cover a wide spectrum of ‘typical' applications. Secondly, the compilers vary in the kind and level of optimisations offered, so the effort required to obtain an optimal version of the program is similarly varie

A Systematic Review of the Social Determinants of Health in Shoulder Arthroplasty Outcomes

This systematic review investigates the impact of social determinants of health (SDOH) on outcomes in shoulder arthroplasty (SA). SA, a common orthopedic procedure, has seen an increasing focus on SDOH influencing postoperative results. The study aims to comprehensively assess this impact on both surgical and patient-reported outcomes. Through a systematic search of databases, 34 studies (2011-2021) met the inclusion criteria, involving 4,825,547 patients. Explored SDOH included insurance status, race/ethnicity, age, sex, income, social support, and veteran status. Outcomes considered were length of stay, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores, total SA rates, revision rates, complication rates, and discharge status. Findings revealed associations between non-white race, female sex, and increased high-impact and bothersome chronic pain. Risk factors for dislocations post-SA included male sex, morbid obesity, cardiovascular abnormalities, depression, opioid use disorder, and tobacco use. Higher age, private health insurance, primary surgery, absence of chronic alcoholism, retired or lightly physically working patients correlated with higher satisfaction. Discussion highlights that SDOH factors (younger age, female gender, non-white race) are linked to prolonged operative time, increased pain, and higher postoperative complication risks. Insurance, work status, and primary surgery impact patient satisfaction post-SA. Overall, demographic factors significantly affect TSA outcomes and complications, emphasizing the need for further research and addressing healthcare barriers to improve patient care. Orthopedic surgeons and policymakers should recognize these SDOH implications for future patient management