Study on location of cerebral lesion among patients with hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident

Background: In hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident, bleeding occurs directly into the brain parenchyma. Intracerebral hemorrhage usually occurs at certain sites in the brain, i.e., thalamus, putamen, cerebellum, and brain stem. The surrounding area of brain may be damaged by pressure produced by the mass effect of the hematoma. Increase in intracranial pressure occurs. Aims and Objectives: The aim and objective of the study are to compare the localization of cerebral lesions with the frequency of intraventricular hemorrhage and to study the prognosis of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident (CVA) as per its anatomical location in computed tomography (CT) scan. Materials and Methods: One-year observational cross-sectional study was conducted in 60 patients with CT scan diagnosed hemorrhagic CVA. Results: Regarding the site of the hemorrhagic CVA, the most commonly affected area was basal ganglia (46.7%) followed by thalamus (18.3%); other areas include pons (8.3%), paraventricular (8.3%), cerebellar (6.7%), lobar (5%), internal capsule (3.3%), and intraventricular (3.3%). Conclusion: This study reflects a spectrum of cerebral location of hemorrhagic stroke which may help in the management of hemorrhagic CVA patients

Impact of Microbial Activity and Stratification Phenomena on Generating/Absorbing Sutterby Nanofluid over a Darcy Porous Medium

The present article discusses the impact of microbial activity by considering Sutterby nanofluid over a stretching surface with the Brownian motion and porous medium. Thermophoretic effects are the measure concerned to balance the temperature of the fluid to generate the improved results. We include these effects in our model with some other parameters like Brownian motion and microbial activity. The stratification phenomenon is considered for the evaluation of heat generation/absorption over the horizontal sheet in the Sutterby nanofluid. The porous medium and chemical reaction with microbial activity is further analyzed in an incompressible Sutterby nanofluid. With the help of some suitable similarity transformations, the initial boundary conditions and the governing partial differential equations of our model are converted into the coupled structure of ordinary differential equations and final boundary conditions. The Spectral quasilinearization method (SQLM) is used to numerically solve these ordinary differential equations to evaluate the impacts of various parameters taken in our model. The graphical representation of different parameters is analyzed for the flow, temperature, solutal and microbial distribution. The coefficients of physical interest are also analyzed and show good results in favor. The rise of nanofluid parameters declines the flow profile of the fluid while enhancing the temperature profile and falling for the thermal stratification phenomenon. The Sutterby nanofluid model also incorporates the behavior of dilatant solutions and pseudoplastic which is helpful in various engineering processes and industries. This model is ideal for polymeric melts as well as high polymer resolutions

Tropical cyclone intensity prediction over the North Indian Ocean - An NWP based objective approach

A Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) based objective intensity prediction approach has been explored for prediction of tropical cyclone intensity over the North Indian Ocean (NIO) using ECMWF model outputs. The intensity of a tropical cyclone is classified by the maximum sustained wind (10-min mean) according to World Meteorological Organization (WMO). An empirical relationship between the difference of the model’s maximum mean sea level pressure (MSLP) inside a 6° × 6° grid box around the centre of the system and the lowest mean sea level pressure at the centre of the system (ΔP) with the observed intensity is developed using over 100 analyses during 2010–2012. The same is used to predict intensity of very severe cyclonic storm Hudhud and a Deep Depression observed over the Bay of Bengal during 2014. The results show that the empirical equation is skillful in prediction of intensity as compared to predictions computed using the relationship (V_{max} = K sqrt(Delta P)) with different constant values of K. The error analyses show that the relative error in intensity prediction using the empirical equation derived in the present study is 34% less than the same using (K = 14.2 kt/sqrt(hPa)) in (V_{max} = K sqrt(Delta P)) with an improvement which is significant at the level of 0.95.U radu je istražena metoda objektivne prognoze intenziteta tropskih ciklona nad Sjeverno-indijskim oceanom (NIO) temeljm numeričke prognoze vremena (NWP) modelom Europskog centra za srednjoročnu prognozu vremena (ECMWF). Intenzitet tropskog ciklona klasificira se prema prema Svjetskoj meteorološkoj organizaciji (WMO) na temelju maksimalnog vjetra (10-minutni srednjak). Upotrebom preko 100 analiza tijekom 2010. – 2012. izvedena je empirijska relacija koja povezuje razliku između najvećeg srednjeg tlaka zraka na razini mora (MSLP) unutar kvadrata mreže 6° × 6° oko središta sustava i najnižeg srednjeg tlaka na razini mora u središtu sustava (Δ P) s opaženim intenzitetom ciklona. Dobivena relacija primjenjena je na prognozu intenziteta olujnih ciklona Hudhud i Deep Depression (Duboka depresija) koji su opaženi u Bengalskom zaljevu tijekom 2014. godine. Rezultati pokazuju da empirijska jednadžba prognozira intenzitet ciklona uspješnije od prognoza izračunatih pomoću relacije (V_{max} = K sqrt(Delta P)) s različitim konstantnim vrijednostima K. Analize pogrešaka pokazuju da je relativna pogreška u prognozi intenziteta primjenom dobivene empirijske jednadžbe 34% manja od pogreške pri korištenju relacije (K = 14.2 kt/sqrt(hPa)) u (V_{max} = K sqrt(Delta P)), a poboljšanje je značajno na razini signifikantnosti od 0,95

Radiative flow of MHD Jeffrey fluid past a stretching sheet with surface slip and melting heat transfer

The present paper investigates numerically the influence of melting heat transfer and thermal radiation on MHD stagnation point flow of an electrically conducting non-Newtonian fluid (Jeffrey fluid) over a stretching sheet with partial surface slip. The governing equations are reduced to non-linear ordinary differential equations by using a similarity transformation and then solved numerically by using Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method. The effects of pertinent parameters on the flow and heat transfer fields are presented through tables and graphs, and are discussed from the physical point of view. Our analysis revealed that the fluid temperature is higher in case of Jeffrey fluid than that in the case of Newtonian fluid. It is also observed that the wall stress increases with increasing the values of slip parameter but the effect is opposite for the rate of heat transfer at the wall

Framing the impact of external magnetic field on bioconvection of a nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms with convective boundary conditions

The intention of this study is to examine the combined impacts of magnetic field and convective boundary state on bioconvection of a nanofluid flow along an expanding sheet co-existed with gyrotactic microorganisms. The fundamental partial differential equations are reduced to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations taking a guide of some appropriate similarity transformations. The numerical fallouts are calculated by considering the bvp4c function of Matlab. The impacts of magnetic field parameter, surface convection parameter, Eckert number and Peclet number on non-dimensional velocity, nanoparticle concentration, temperature and density of self-moving microorganisms are interpreted through graphs and charts. The fluid velocity near the surface and the Nusselt number is lessen with magnetic field. Surface convection parameter enhances the self-moving microorganism flux but a reverse result is noticed for Peclet number. Also, the contrast between the present results with formerly visited outcomes is in excellent harmony. Keywords: Nanofluid, Bioconvection, Gyrotactic microorganisms, Magnetic field, Convective boundary conditio

Thin film flow over an unsteady stretching sheet with thermocapillarity in presence of magnetic field

An analysis is carried out to study the effects of thermocapillarity on thin film flow over an unsteady stretching sheet in presence of uniform transverse magnetic field and internal heat source/sink. Using a similarity transformation, the governing time dependent boundary-layer equations are reduced to a set of coupled ordinary differential equations and then solved numerically for some representative values of non-dimensional parameters using Nachtsheim and Swigert shooting iteration technique together with Runge-Kutta sixth-order integration scheme. It is observed that the thermocapillary action reduces the rate of heat transfer at the surface while dealing with conducting fluid in presence of magnetic field

Cu-water nanofluid flow induced by a vertical stretching sheet in presence of a magnetic field with convective heat transfer

The convective heat transfer performance of nanofluid over a permeable stretching sheet with thermal convective boundary condition in presence of magnetic field and slip velocity is studied in the present paper. Cu-water nanofluid is used to investigate the effect of nanoparticles on the flow and heat transfer characteristic. The numerical results are compared with published results and are found in an excellent agreement. The influences of various relevant parameters on the velocity and temperature as well as the rate of shear stress and the rate of heat transfer are elucidated through graphs and tables. It is observed that nanoparticles volume fraction and surface convection parameter both increase the thickness of thermal boundary layer

The squeezing flow

The present article investigates the squeezing flow of two types of nanofluids such as Cu-water and Cu-kerosene between two parallel plates in the presence of magnetic field. The governing non-linear partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations by applying suitable similarity transformation and then solved numerically using RK-4 method with shooting technique and analytically using differential transformation method (DTM). The influence of arising relevant parameters on flow characteristics has been discussed through graphs and tables. A comparative study has been taken into account between existing results and present work and it is found to be in excellent harmony