PENAMPILAN GENOTIPE SOM JAWA*{Talinumpaniculatum Jacq. (Gaertn.)} PADA GERERASI M2 [Performance of Som Jawa {Talinumpaniculatum Jacq. (Gaertn.)} Genotypes at M2 Generation]

Javasom [Talinum paniculatum Jacq. (Gaertn.] is one of popular vegetable plants with potential medicinal properties.The plant root is often used as a substitute for ginseng (Panax ginseng L.), and the leaves are used as a vegetable and as a substitute for purslane (Portulaca olaraeae L.).An effort to improve genetic quality of the plant was made through induced mutation with ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS).A variety of EMS dosages (0, 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.2%, 1.5% and 1.8%) were applied to javasom seeds to induce mutation for 24 hours at room temperature. A population of the first and second generation after mutagen treatment (M, and M2,respectively) was established and observed at vegetative and generative stages. At M, generation, plant growth was suppressed and plant yield was decreased.Chimeras and chlorophyll mutation were observed in every EMS-treatment level, which was indicated that mutation was induced in the plant. Lethal-dosage (LD-50) of EMS was at 1.2%-1.5%. M, population were recovered and showed variation in all parameters observed. High genetic variation coefficients were found in most of plant characters observed.All parameters have a medium to high heritability, which indicated that all parameter observed were relatively easily inherited.However, all genotypes are subjected to be evaluated in the next generation in their performance stability

Toleransi Beberapa Genotipe Vigna Umbellata (Thumb.) Terhadap Suhu Tinggi Pada Berbagai Tahap Pertumbuhan* [Heat Tolerance of Some Vigna Umbellata (Thumb.) Genotypes at Different Growth Phases]

Degree of electrolyte leakage (EL) from leaf tissue after exposure to high temperature has been used as an indicator of heat tolerance. Inthe present study, EL was measured in an attempt to estimate heat tolerance of Viana umbellata (Thumb.) genotypes at three differentgrowth phases. The degree of heat injury is significantly different among the three growth phases and among the genotypes as well as their interaction. However, the degree of heat injury tends to increase over the plant growth. The 18 genotypes of V. umbellata shows moderate genetic variability as shown by its value of genetic variance (46,25 ±16,35), phenotypic variance (85,37 ±27,60), and coefficientof genetic variation (26,36%)

Penampilan Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna Pada Azadirachta Indica a. Juss Dari Taman Nasional Baluran

Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Apocynaceae) is a large tree of the lowland tropical rain forest of Southeast Asia that occurs in Thailand, the Malay Peninsula, on the island of Java (East Java) and Lesser Sunda Islands. Its economic value was in its wood (timber), and as medicinal plant. The information on genetic diversity of the species is very limited. Hence studies were initiated and genetic diversity estimated using RAPD markers in 27 accessions of A.indica procured from three geographical regions of TN Baluran and Balai Litbang Kehutanan. Seven selected Operon primers (10 mer) generated a total of 133 consistent amplification products ranging from 132 bp to 5.6 Kb. The cluster analysis separated the 27 individuals into 2 clusters. The range of genetic dissimilarityvalue among samples was from 0.07 to 0.33, while genetic distance among populations was from 0.04 to 0.10. These values showed that A. indica from TN Baluran was not genetically diverse population

Analisis Keragaman Genetik Musa Balbisiana Colla Berdasarkan Marka Rapd Dan Issr [Genetic Variation Analyses of Musa Balbisiana Colla Based on Rapd and Issr Markers]

Wild Musa balbisiana Colla is one of the progenitors of cultivated bananas and plantains. It is originated in Asia, and distributed from India to Papua New Guinea. This study was conducted to assess the molecular diversity of 25 accessions of M. balbisiana based on Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) analyses. RAPD and ISSR fingerprints of these banana varieties were detected by amplifications of nine primers of RAPDs and six primers of ISSRs. RAPD primers produced 84 amplified fragments varying from 150 bp to 2300 bp in size. 21.43 % of the amplification bands were polymorphic. ISSR primers produced 61 amplified fragments varying from 250 bp to 2200 bp in size. 29.30 % of the amplification bands were polymorphic. Based on these results, the 25 accessions of Indonesian M. balbisiana showed a low genetic variation, with coefficient of similarity ranged from 0.81 to 0.99

Genetic Variation Of Wild Musa Acuminata Colla From Indonesia Based On Rapd And Issr Markers

Musa acuminata Colla is one of the progenitors of cultivated bananas today, and Indonesia is the center of origin and diversity of M. acuminata. Genetic variation of wild M. acuminata from Indonesia has not been studied extensively. This study was conducted to assess genetic variation of wild M. acuminata from Indonesia based on 10 RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and 10 ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) markers. The genetic properties of 17 populations of wild M. acuminata were analyzed by Popgene 1.32 based on Nei\u27s unbiased measures of genetic identity and genetic distance. A total of 443 DNA bands were produced, 425 (95.94%) of which were polymorphic. Cluster analysis of combined data of RAPD and ISSR produced a dendrogram which separated the population of M. acuminata (A genome) from M. balbisiana (B genome), but not from M. schizocarpa (S genome). Genetic distance (Nei, 1978) of the 17 populations of wild M. acuminata ranged from 0.3676 to 0.1634. The highest genetic distance was observed between M. acuminata var rutilifes (from East Java) and M. acuminata var sumatrana (from West Sumatra). The percentages of polymorphic loci among the 17 populations of M. acuminata ranged from 9.93% to 39.73%. Nei\u27s (1973) gene diversity (h) ranged from 0.041 to 0.1418. M. acuminata var malaccensis population was the most diverse population among the 17 M. acuminata populations studied. The high level of genetic diversity of the wild M. acuminata from Indonesia emphasizes the need for conservation and preservation of the natural population and its use in banana breeding program

Keragaman Fenotipe Rapd Santalum Album L. Dipulau Timor Bagian Timur [Rapd Phenotypic Variation of Santalum Album L. in Eastern Part of Timor]

Santalum album L. (sandalwood/cendana) is known as one of medicinal and aromatic tree species in Indonesia. The species is valued for its quality light wood timber and for its medicinal properties.The species has been overexploited and is considered as vulnerable plant species.The present study aimed to assess genetic diversity and to estimate genetic relationship among 58 accessions of plant germplasm collection using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD).Two RAPD primers generated 34 scorable bands with 97.06% of them were polymorphic. Clustering analysis was performed based on RAPD profiles using the UPGMA method.The range of genetic dissimilarity value among species was from 6% to 91%, while the range of genetic distance between populations was from 1.89% and 26.88%.These values showed that 5.album from Eastern part of Timor was genetically diverse populations.Within the 12 populations, there were 9 banding patterns recorded from primer OPA 16 and 12 banding patterns from primer OPB 12, suggesting that OPB 12 was more sensitive than that of OPA 16 to show variation within the sample used

Analisa Kestabilan Genetik Pisang Kepok ‘Unti Sayang\u27 Hasil Mikroprogasi Dengan Marka Rapd Dan Issr [Genetic Stability Analyses of Micropropagated Pisang Kepok ‘Unti Sayang\u27 by Rapd and Issr Markers]

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers were used to evaluate the genetic stability of micropropagated plants of ‘Pisang Kepok Unti Sayang\u27 at various stage of in vitro sub-cultures and in vivo plant material.All RAPD and ISSR profiles from micropropagated plants were monomorphic and similar to those of field grown control plants until stage tenth of sub cultures (V1S10). No variation was detected within the micropropagated plants, except for C12 (V1S44),G7 (V1S48 ), I11 and I12 (V1S10).RAPD and ISSR marker were both could be used to test the genetic stability of micropropagated bananas using the developed protocol