1,033 research outputs found
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Subjective well-being over the life course: Conceptualizations and evaluations
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Job quality and women’s labour market participation
Policies aimed at further deregulation of employment have potentially detrimental effects on fertility levels and also on female employment rates after childbirth since they adversely affect job quality. The fact that job creation during the recent recession has occurred mainly in the form of non-standard employment contracts may entail a long-term negative impact in terms of fertility and female labour market participation rates. The EU should therefore concentrate on putting job quality back on to the policy agenda. This could be achieved through increased use of employment indicators, in particular job quality indicators, in the process of monitoring social and employment developments. The formulation of policy guidelines and of objectives in the area of job quality in the form of concrete targets could ensure that job quality will be given a higher profile and will become an explicit component of national trajectories and of key measures recommended for attaining the targets
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What matters for well-being: individual perceptions of quality of life before and after important life events
In recent decades, what matters for individual quality of life (QoL) has increasingly been the focus of empirical social science research. However, individuals are rarely asked directly what is important for their quality of life as part of large-scale surveys. The present analysis studies perceptions of what matters for QoL in a large-scale longitudinal dataset – the British Household Panel Survey – which includes an open-ended question on QoL in three waves spanning ten years. We find that concepts of QoL change over the life course and differ between men and women. We hypothesize that changes in perceptions of QoL are related to important life events, such as the birth of a first child and retirement. These life events constitute ’turning points’ after which individuals often shift their priorities of what matters for their QoL. We further explore whether such shifts in priorities are stable or disappear more than five years after the life even
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‘The Partner Pay Gap – Associations between Spouses’ Relative Earnings and Life Satisfaction among Couples in the UK
Despite women’s recent gains in education and employment, husbands still tend to out-earn their wives. This article examines the relationship between the partner pay gap, i.e. the difference in earned income between married, co-resident partners, and life satisfaction. Contrary to previous studies, we investigate the effects of recent changes in relative earningswithin couples as well as labour market transitions. Using several waves of the UK Household Longitudinal Study, we reveal that men exhibit an increase in life satisfaction in response to a recent increase in their proportional earnings relative to their wives’ earnings. For women, changes in proportional earnings had no effect on life satisfaction. We also find secondary-earning husbands report lower average life satisfaction than majority-earning and equal-earning men, while such differences were not found for women. The analysis offers compelling evidence of the ongoing role of gendered norms in the sustenance of the partner pay gap
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Work-family conflict and well-being in Northern Europe
Looking at 7 North European countries, we use the European Social Survey to investigate men and women's work-family conflict and wellbeing. We find that men's wellbeing is increased if the divide of domestic work is less traditional. The ramifications for this for gender equality is discussed.ESRC RES-225-25-101
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Ethnicity, subjective well-being and armed conflict: Evidence from Bosnia-Herzegovina
We analyze survey data from Bosnia and Herzegovina collected after the 1992–1995 Bosnian War to answer the following questions: How does individual subjective well-being evolve in the post-conflict period? Does exposure to conflict have an important role in determining one’s post-war experiences? Our identification strategy relies on regional and individual-level variation in exposure to the conflict. Individual war-related trauma has a negative, significant, and lasting impact on subjective well-being. The effect is stronger for those displaced during the war. Municipality-level conflict measures are not significantly associated with subjective well-being once municipality fixed effects are accounted for
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Perceptions of Quality of Life: Gender differences across the life course
publisher allowed for publication of one (this) chapter: Edward Elgar p 193-21
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Buying happiness in an unequal world: Rank of income more strongly predicts well-being in more unequal countries
Does income rank matter more for well-being in more unequal countries? Using more than 160,000 observations from 24 countries worldwide, we replicate previous studies and show that the ranked position of an individual’s income strongly predicts life evaluation and positive daily emotional experiences, while absolute and reference income generally have weak orno effects. Furthermore, we find the association between income rank and an individual’s well-being to be significantly larger in countries where income inequality, represented by the share of taxable income held by the top 1 %of income earners,is high. These results are robust to using an alternative measure of income inequality and different reference group specifications.Our findingssuggest that people in more unequal societies place greater weight on the pursuit of higher income ranks, which may contribute to enduringincome inequality in places where greater well-beingcan be bought from moving up the income ladder
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Work-family conflict and well being in Northern Europe
Looking at 7 North European countries, we use the European Social Survey to investigate men and women's work-family conflict and wellbeing. We find that men's wellbeing is increased if the divide of domestic work is less traditional. The ramifications for this for gender equality is discussed.ESRC RES-225-25-101
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Dimensionality of the Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure and its relationship to Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory
The aims of this study were, first, to reassess the factor structure of the Iowa-Netherlands Social Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM) and, second, to explore the associations of its factors with the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) of personality. Data from 337 respondents were collected via online questionnaire. Structural equation models were used to assess the factor structure of the INCOM and test for relationships with RST traits. The results confirmed previous findings that the INCOM contains two factors: Ability, which relates to the comparison of performance, and Opinion, which relates to the comparison of thoughts and emotions. The two-factor model was found to be superior to the commonly used 1-factor solution. The models further revealed significant relationships with RST factors: positive associations between the Ability factor and the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) and Behavioural Approach System (BAS) Reward Reactivity; positive associations between the Opinion factor and BAS Reward Reactivity and Goal-Drive Persistence, and a negative association with BAS Impulsivity. These findings indicate that using the INCOM as a single scale is likely to miss significant unique relationships. Our findings also provide new insight into how individual differences in personality may influence social comparison behavior
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