348 research outputs found
LLM-Assist: Enhancing Closed-Loop Planning with Language-Based Reasoning
Although planning is a crucial component of the autonomous driving stack,
researchers have yet to develop robust planning algorithms that are capable of
safely handling the diverse range of possible driving scenarios. Learning-based
planners suffer from overfitting and poor long-tail performance. On the other
hand, rule-based planners generalize well, but might fail to handle scenarios
that require complex driving maneuvers. To address these limitations, we
investigate the possibility of leveraging the common-sense reasoning
capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT4 and Llama2 to
generate plans for self-driving vehicles. In particular, we develop a novel
hybrid planner that leverages a conventional rule-based planner in conjunction
with an LLM-based planner. Guided by commonsense reasoning abilities of LLMs,
our approach navigates complex scenarios which existing planners struggle with,
produces well-reasoned outputs while also remaining grounded through working
alongside the rule-based approach. Through extensive evaluation on the nuPlan
benchmark, we achieve state-of-the-art performance, outperforming all existing
pure learning- and rule-based methods across most metrics. Our code will be
available at https://llmassist.github.io.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, 7 table
The 3Rs: reduction and refinement through a multivariate statistical analysis approach in a behavioural study to unveil anxiolytic effects of natural extracts of Tilia Tomentosa.
Proceedings of the second Centro 3R Annual Meeting - Young Scientists | June 20-21, 2019, Genoa (Italy
Use of an animal model to evaluate anxiolytic effects of dietary supplementation with tilia tomentosa moench bud extracts
Anxiety disorders are common and complex psychiatric syndromes affecting a broad spectrum of patients. On top of that, we know that aging produces an increase in anxiety vulnerability and sedative consumption. Moreover, stress disorders frequently show a clear gender susceptibility. Currently, the approved pharmacological strategies have severe side effects such as hallucinations, addiction, suicide, insomnia, and loss of motor coordination. Dietary integration with supplements represents an intriguing strategy for improving the efficacy and the safety of synthetic anxiolytics. Accordingly, a recent article demonstrated that glyceric bud extracts from Tilia tomentosa Moench (TTBEs) exert effects that are consistent with anxiolytic activity. However, the effects of these compounds in vivo are unknown. To examine this question, we conducted behavioral analysis in mice. A total of 21 days of oral supplements (vehicle and TTBEs) were assessed by Light Dark and Hole Board tests in male and female mice (young, 3 months; old, 24 months). Interestingly, the principal component analysis revealed gender and age-specific behavioral modulations. Moreover, the diet integration with the botanicals did not modify the body weight gain and the daily intake of water. Our results support the use of TTBEs as dietary supplements for anxiolytic purposes and unveil age and gender-dependent responses
Primary CNS T-cell Lymphomas: A Clinical, Morphologic, Immunophenotypic, and Molecular Analysis.
Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas are relatively rare with the most common subtype being diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Primary CNS T-cell lymphomas (PCNSTL) account for 1 mutation, and none showed overlapping mutations. These included mutations in DNMT3A, KRAS, JAK3, STAT3, STAT5B, GNB1, and TET2 genes, genes implicated previously in other T-cell neoplasms. The outcome was heterogenous; 2 patients are alive without disease, 4 are alive with disease, and 6 died of disease. In conclusion, PCNSTLs are histologically and genomically heterogenous with frequent phenotypic aberrancy and a cytotoxic phenotype in most cases
Atomic Clocks Technologies Supporting Twin-Field QKD in a Real World
We describe the exploitation of narrow linewidth lasers and coherent laser interferometry techniques originally developed in the atomic clocks community to improve the performances of twin-field quantum key distribution protocols in real-world, long-distance fiber networks
Routine use of ancillary investigations in staging diffuse large B-cell lymphoma improves the International Prognostic Index (IPI)
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The International Prognostic Index (IPI) is used to determine prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). One of the determinants of IPI is the stage of disease with bone marrow involvement being classified as stage IV. For the IPI, involvement on bone marrow is traditionally defined on the basis of histology with ancillary investigations used only in difficult cases to aid histological diagnosis. This study aimed to determine the effect of the routine use of flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and molecular studies in bone marrow staging upon the IPI.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Bone marrow trephines of 156 histologically proven DLBCL cases at initial diagnosis were assessed on routine histology, and immunohistochemistry using two T-cell markers (CD45RO and CD3), two B-cell markers (CD20 and CD79a) and kappa and lambda light chains. Raw flow cytometry data on all samples were reanalysed and reinterpreted blindly. DNA extracted from archived paraffin-embedded trephine biopsy samples was used for immunoglobulin heavy chain and light chain gene rearrangement analysis. Using immunophenotyping (flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry), 30 (19.2%) cases were upstaged to stage IV. A further 8 (5.1%) cases were upstaged using molecular studies. A change in IPI was noted in 18 cases (11.5%) on immunophenotyping alone, and 22 (14.1%) cases on immunophenotyping and molecular testing. Comparison of two revised IPI models, 1) using immunophenotyping alone, and 2) using immunophenotyping with molecular studies, was performed with baseline IPI using a Cox regression model. It showed that the revised IPI model using immunophenotyping provides the best differentiation between the IPI categories.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Improved bone marrow staging using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry improves the predictive value of the IPI in patients with DLBCL and should be performed routinely in all cases.</p
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