Gender Labour Discrimination in the Higher Education System: A Case of Georgia

Introduction. Discrimination, especially gender discrimination, is one of the main challenges of the modern labour market. Even though different countries have appropriate policies as well as the desire and readiness of society, gender discrimination remains an unsolved problem in all spheres of activity. Although women's participation and educational opportunities have increased, and they are actively involved in academic activities, according to research, the level of discrimination in this field remains high. The management apparatus of organizations should take into account the fact that discrimination is not only a violation of the country's legislation but also has a negative impact on both the image of the organization and its final results. Aim and tasks. This research aims to identify gender discrimination in the higher education system and provide solutions using Georgia. Results. The study aims to outline gender discrimination issues in Georgia and its impact on people's personal lives and health. A total of 759 respondents employed at a higher educational institution were interviewed. Despite the fact that the government of Georgia has developed legislative reforms to eliminate discrimination, the results of the study revealed significant problems in the higher education system of Georgia in terms of gender discrimination. Part of them state that they were victims of discrimination most often at the workplace. The results revealed that gender discrimination affected people's health and personal lives. Conclusions. Managers must consider many factors to achieve the intended results for an organisation. However, one of the most essential challenges for enhancing employee labour productivity is the creation of a place to work, where the issue of discrimination plays a significant role. Attention was also focused on the factors causing discrimination, to which managers should pay attention to take appropriate measures. The study analysed how men and women perceive the conflicts caused by discrimination in the labour market. Also, it revealed the perception and vision of the ways of solving these conflicts among women and men

GEORGIAN MANAGEMENT STYLE AND THE RESEARCH OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE BEHAVIOUR OF SUBORDINATES IN THE MINISTRIES OF ECONOMIC PROFILE

The behaviour of a leader has a significant impact on the actions and feelings of employees. Many European university researchers have recently focused on the impact of effective leadership behaviour on the behaviour of subordinates. Positive behaviour of the leader toward his subordinate creates a sense of belonging to the organization, which reduces the outflow of employees from the organization and improves support for the leader. Leader's behaviour was studied within our research. The object of the research was the Ministries of Economic Profile of Georgia. The purpose of this article is to analyze the influence of the leader's behaviour in terms of gender on such issues as the respondent's perception of himself as a valuable member at work, support for the respondent's career development, motivation of employees to perform the work, effort invested by the respondent at work, and desire to change the leader. Furthermore, the study aimed to investigate the impact of financial benefits on employee satisfaction and motivation. In total, 821 respondents participated in the study. The SPSS software package was used to analyze the obtained data. In such countries as Georgia, there is a stereotypical attitude towards women. Sometimes, the mentioned factor is also reflected in the leader's behaviour. As a result, women have to overcome a variety of challenges, frequently face the glass ceiling phenomenon, and have to break stereotypes. In some cases, as a result of research, it is clear that not only women but also men show a negative attitude toward the leader's behaviour, which indicates the shortcomings of the current management style. Five hypotheses were formulated during the research process, and based on their analysis, we developed recommendations that we believe to be an effective way to solve multiple challenges