17 research outputs found

    Basin-wide paleoceanographic changes in the upper South Atlantic during Heinrich Stadials over the last 70 kyr

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    Reconstruções paleoceanográficas em regiões-chave do Atlântico Sul são importantes para entender seu papel na variabilidade climática global. No entanto, os dados disponíveis carecem de registros contínuos que abrangem todos os eventos de mudanças climáticas abruptas em escala milenar do último período glacial. Apresentamos aqui um conjunto de registros composto por dados micropaleontológicos e isotópicos obtidos em foraminíferos planctônicos de um testemunho sedimentar marinho coletado na porção oeste do Atlântico Sul tropical no limite norte do Giro Subtropical do Atlântico Sul (GSAS) cobrindo os últimos 70 kyr. Nós comparamos a abundância de Globorotalia truncatulinodes do nosso testemunho sedimentar com um registro publicado anteriormente da mesma espécie oriundo do limite sul do GSAS para reconstituir as flutuações meridionais do GSAS. Nossos resultados indicam deslocamentos para o sul do GSAS durante os Heinrich Stadials (HS) 6-4 e HS1, e uma contração do GSAS durante os HS3 e HS2. Durante os HS6-4 e HS1, os deslocamentos do GSAS para o sul provavelmente aumentaram a transferência de calor para o Oceano Austral, fortalecendo a ressurgência de águas profundas e a liberação de CO2 para a atmosfera. Isso é de importância primordial, uma vez que o deslocamento em curso do GSAS em direção ao polo pode aumentar ainda mais a liberação de CO2 oceânico. Neste trabalho propomos um novo indicador para o deslocamento meridional do GSAS em escala milenar baseado na abundância relativa de G. truncatulinoides. Além da abundância de G. truncatulinoides, também analisamos a composição dos isótopos estáveis de carbono (?13C) dessa espécie. Nosso registro de ?13C da termoclina, juntamente com dados simlares do SE-Atlântico Sul, mostram excursões negativas durante a maioria dos HS. Além disso, nosso registro de ?13C da termoclina exibe maiores excursões negativas de ?13C em comparação com as excursões do registro do SE-Atlântico Sul. Nós sugerimos que as causas de tais excursões são o fortalecimento da ressurgência e ocorrência de uma bomba biológica ineficiente no Oceano Austral. Além disso, o sinal de ?13C que deixou o Oceano Austral ainda sofreu diminuição pelo efeito do envelhecimento da massa d\'água que aumentou o conteúdo de carbono respirado ao longo de seu transporte em direção às baixas latitudes do Atlântico Sul. Interessantemente, um registro de ?13C da termoclina no Sudoeste do Atlântico Sul não mostra grandes mudanças de ?13C durante os HS. Atribuímos essa diferença às distintas fontes de águas para a termoclina no Sudoeste Atlântico Sul, por um lado, e para a termoclina no Sudeste e Noroeste do Atlântico Sul, por outro. As águas da termoclina no Sudoeste do Atlântico Sul são provenientes daÁgua Modal Subtropical formada na Confluência Brasil-Malvinas, que sofre mistura com a Água Intermediária Antártica, diluindo o sinal de baixo ?13C do Oceano Austral que, de outra forma, é reconhecido no Sudeste e Noroeste do Atlântico Sul.not availabl

    Meridional changes in the South Atlantic Subtropical Gyre during Heinrich Stadials

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    Subtropical ocean gyres play a key role in modulating the global climate system redistributing energy between low and high latitudes. A poleward displacement of the subtropical gyres has been observed over the last decades, but the lack of long-term monitoring data hinders an in-depth understanding of their dynamics. Paleoceanographic records offer the opportunity to identify meridional changes in the subtropical gyres and investigate their consequences to the climate system. Here we use the abundance of planktonic foraminiferal species Globorotalia truncatulinodes from a sediment core collected at the northernmost boundary of the South Atlantic Subtropical Gyre (SASG) to track changes in its meridional position. Our results show systematic decreases in the percentage of G. truncatulinoides during Heinrich Stadials (HS), indicating southward shifts of the northernmost boundary of the SASG

    Planktonic foraminifera assemblage, MAT-derived sea surface temperature and Cibicides spp. oxygen isotopes

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    This study explores the mechanisms behind the high glacial productivity in the southern Brazilian margin during the last 70 kyr. Therefore, we use planktonic foraminifera assemblage and subsurface temperatures derived through the Modern Analogue Technique. We show that enhanced glacial productivity was driven by the synergy of two mechanisms operating in different seasons: (i) a high productivity upwelling during short austral summer events; and (ii) the persistent presence of the Plata Plume Water due to prolonged austral winter conditions. We suggest that the upwelling systems in the southern Brazilian margin were more productive during the last glacial period due to the enhanced Si supply for diatom production through high-Si thermocline waters preformed in the Southern Ocean. We hypothesize that orbital forcing did not have a major influence on changes in upwelling during the last glacial period. However, the more frequent northward intrusions of the Plata Plume Water were modulated by austral winter insolation at 65 °S through changes in the strength of alongshore SW-winds. After the Last Glacial Maximum, the reduced Si content of thermocline waters decreased upwelling productivity, while lower austral winter insolation decreased the influence of the Plata Plume Water over the southern Brazilian margin, reducing regional productivity

    Benthic stable oxygen and carbon isotope records; XRF scanner S and EDP XRF S, and foraminiferal assemblages of sediment core M125-95-3

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    Negative excursions in the stable carbon isotopic composition (δ¹³C) at Atlantic intermediate to mid-depths are common features of millennial-scale events named Heinrich Stadials (HS). The mechanisms behind these excursions are not yet fully understood, but most hypotheses agree on the central role played by the weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. Marine records registering millennial-scale negative δ¹³C excursions in the Atlantic are mostly restricted to the HS of the last deglacial, while the HS of the last glacial are poorly studied. Here we constrain changes in bottom water ventilation in the western tropical South Atlantic mid-depth during HS of the last glacial and deglacial by investigating marine core M125-95-3. The concurrent decreases in benthic foraminifera δ¹³C and increases in bulk sediment sulfur indicates an increased Northern Component Water (NCW) residence time in the western tropical South Atlantic mid-depth during HS. Furthermore, a coherent meridional pattern emerges from the comparison of our new data to previously published mid-depth records from the western South Atlantic. While our record shows the largest negative δ¹³C excursions during almost all HS, the western equatorial Atlantic showed medium and the subtropical South Atlantic showed the smallest negative excursions. This meridional pattern supports the notion that during HS a reduction in the NCW δ¹³C source signal together with the accumulation of respired carbon at NCW depths drove the negative δ¹³C excursions. We suggest that the negative δ¹³C excursions progressively increase along the NCW southwards pathway until the signal dissipates/dilutes by mixing with Southern Component Water

    Radiocarbon age, geochemical and physical parameters of sediment core GeoB16204-2

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    This entry contains two datasets from marine sediment core GeoB16204-2. While one dataset hosts geochemical (i.e., iron, titanium, calcium, ln(Fe/Ca), ln(Ti/Ca), calcium carbonate, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, stable hydrogen isotopic composition of C29 long-chain n-alkanes) and physical (i.e., porosity, wet bulk density, dry bulk density, fragmentation index, mass accumulation rate of the siliciclastic fraction and mass accumulation rate of the calcium carbonate fraction) data, the other hosts radiocarbon data
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