Специфика инокультурной адаптации арабских студентов на фоне стрессогенной ситуации в родной стране

The article is devoted to studying the characteristics of adaptation to the new socio-cultural environment in connection with a long-acting stressful situation caused by the military and political events occurring in the homeland. It analyzes the activity-passivity specifics of the Arabic young men and women in the process of cross-cultural adaptation, as well as the display of aggressiveness as a confrontational defensive reaction in the adaptation of Arabic students studying in the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia.Изучены особенности адаптации арабских студентов к новой социокультурной среде в связи с продолжительно действующей стрессогенной ситуацией, вызванной происходящими на их родине военно-политическими событиями. Анализируется специфика активности—пассивности арабских юношей и девушек в процессе инокультурной адаптации, а также проявление агрессивности как кон­фронтационной защитной реакции в ходе адаптации арабских студентов, обучающихся в РУДН

Time perspective and the psychological Well-Being of Chinese university students adapting to Russia

Background: The purpose is to examine the specifics of time perspective and the psychological well-being of Chinese University students, who differ in their level of social-psychological adaptation to Russia. Objective: The psychological well-being and time perspective. Method: With the use of 5 questionnaire-type methodologies we conducted the study with 120 RUDN University students (60 men and 60 women from China). Results: The comparative and factor analysis reveal that there are differences in time perspective and psychological well-being. Students from the 1st group, who have been in Russia for less than one year, have adapted the least to Russian culture. They experience a low level of subjective well-being. The 2nd with approximately 3 years of adapting to a new culture shows instability in adapting. Their level of self-acceptance is average; they often experience emotional discomfort. The 3rd group with more than 5 years of immersion into a new culture, demonstrates a higher level of adaptation as well as a higher level of subjective well-being. This group is able to identify the positive experiences from their past and can relate to the uncertainty of their future optimistically. A link was found between maladaptation in the context of poor time perceptive, a negative view of one’s self in the past and the inability to intrinsically control ones present. The results received cohere with the concept of adaptation as a cyclical ever-increasing curve Y.Y. Kim. Conclusion: The observed differences can help to develop a program dedicated to the psychological adaptation of foreign students in Russia. © 2017 Tatiana S. Pilishvili

Success attributes and subjective economic well-being among Russian students

The purpose is to study subjective economic well-being among the Russian young people evidence from their success attributes, job availability as well as independence from parents. Methods and participants: The study was conducted on the basis of RUDN University, MGIMO University and Moscow State University (Russia, Moscow). 130 Russian students (65 men and 65 women), 17-23 years old were engaged. There were used the following self-reported techniques: "Subjective economic well-being", Khashchenko, V. A.; "Students Achievement Motivation", Pakulina, S., "Profile of economic well-being", created by the author for this research. For processing of the obtained data Mann - Whitney U-test, factorial analysis (Varimax roundation) were used. The calculations were done using the SPSS 22.0 computer program. Findings: The comparative analysis of two groups (working / not working) students has shown the differences on the estimating of actual family subjective well-being. It means, that working students are more satisfied with their family economic status. They feel more involved in their family economic life. There are found significant differences among working / not working students on the scale "success as personal activity". It means, that working students connect their success much more with their own activity, while not working students see the reason of success as not related to them. The students, dependent on their parents economically have much more pessimistic assessment of external and internal conditions of their material prosperity growth. The factorial analysis was conducted for two students' groups with low and high level of subjective economic well-being. The first group with low level is characterized by: inappropriate ratio of needs and ways to achieve success; the success as both recognition and power with pessimistic subjective economic well-being; material success as external circumstances outcome. The second group with high level of subjective economic well-being is characterized by: the vision of the multiple paths leading to success; optimistic assessment of subjective economic well-being; success as recognition and authority. Research limitations: The factorial analysis does not imply causation between success attributes and subjective economic well-being. Value of the results: The revealed peculiarities can be a result of psychological success-oriented programs organized for Russian students with low subjective economic well-being regardless of the real income

Time perspective and the psychological Well-Being of Chinese university students adapting to Russia

Background: The purpose is to examine the specifics of time perspective and the psychological well-being of Chinese University students, who differ in their level of social-psychological adaptation to Russia. Objective: The psychological well-being and time perspective. Method: With the use of 5 questionnaire-type methodologies we conducted the study with 120 RUDN University students (60 men and 60 women from China). Results: The comparative and factor analysis reveal that there are differences in time perspective and psychological well-being. Students from the 1st group, who have been in Russia for less than one year, have adapted the least to Russian culture. They experience a low level of subjective well-being. The 2nd with approximately 3 years of adapting to a new culture shows instability in adapting. Their level of self-acceptance is average; they often experience emotional discomfort. The 3rd group with more than 5 years of immersion into a new culture, demonstrates a higher level of adaptation as well as a higher level of subjective well-being. This group is able to identify the positive experiences from their past and can relate to the uncertainty of their future optimistically. A link was found between maladaptation in the context of poor time perceptive, a negative view of one’s self in the past and the inability to intrinsically control ones present. The results received cohere with the concept of adaptation as a cyclical ever-increasing curve Y.Y. Kim. Conclusion: The observed differences can help to develop a program dedicated to the psychological adaptation of foreign students in Russia. © 2017 Tatiana S. Pilishvili

ОСОБЕННОСТИ КОПИНГ-СТРАТЕГИЙ У КОРЕЙСКИХ МУЖЧИН, НАХОДЯЩИХСЯ В ИНОКУЛЬТУРНОЙ СРЕДЕ

The relevance of the research of coping strategies of a person in the foreign culture environment is determined by the necessity of a deeper study of coping mechanisms in the stressful situation of the acculturation process. The purpose of the study is to identify special aspects of coping strategies of the Korean men being in the foreign culture environment using the example of Korean men migrated to Russia for the first time and living on the territory of the Russian Federation for the purpose of professional development. 120 Korean men participated in the study with the use of six survey methods. The results of comparative analysis demonstrate the high level of self-control (regulation of own feelings and actions), planning (the existence of detailed plans with strong hierarchy), self-assessment (high evaluation of own resource possibilities), and the pronounced need in social support of “significant others” (high necessity for the opinion of significant people of the person's environment) in a stressful situation. In the result of factor analysis, factor structures of groups of subjects are revealed indicating the relation of integration and assimilation with complex coping with the high level of adaptability, self-acceptance, and acceptance of other people, emotional comfort, and internal control. The study discovered the avoidance, maladaptive coping with self-rejection, socially desirable submissiveness, the emotional discomfort, and the external control under separatism. The study determined the relation of integration and assimilation with the social desirability, emotional discomfort, and maladaptation; of separatism - with the truth, emotional comfort, the desire for interaction, and adaptability. The acculturation strategies involve programming, modeling with flexible self-regulation. The integration involves the evaluation of the results without planning and distancing, and separatism means planning and independence, avoiding the problems. The identified special aspects can be taken into account when creating a psychological support program to improve the level of adaptation of Korean men within the Russian reality.Актуальность темы исследования копинг-стратегий личности в инокультурной среде обусловливается потребностью более глубокого изучения копинг-механизмов в стрессовой ситуации аккультурационного процесса. Цель исследования состоит в выявлении особенностей копинг-стратегий у корейских мужчин, находящихся в инокультурной среде, на примере корейских мужчин, впервые мигрировавших в Россию и проживающих на территории РФ с целью профессионального развития. В исследовании с применением шести методик опросного типа приняли участие 120 корейских мужчин. Результаты сравнительного анализа демонстрируют высокий уровень самоконтроля (регулирование собственных чувств и действий), планирования (наличие детальных планов со строгой иерархией), самооценки (высокая оценка своих ресурсных возможностей) и выраженной потребности в социальной поддержке «значимых других» (высокая потребность во мнении значимых лиц из окружения индивида) в стрессовой ситуации. В результате факторного анализа выделены факторные структуры групп испытуемых, свидетельствующие о связи интеграции и ассимиляции с комплексным копингом с высоким уровнем адаптивности, приятия себя и других, эмоциональным комфортом и внутренним контролем. Обнаружен избегающий, дезадаптивный копинг с неприятием себя, социально желательной ведомостью, эмоциональным дискомфортом и внешним контролем при сепаратизме. Выявлено наличие связи интеграции и ассимиляции с социальной желательностью, эмоциональным дискомфортом, дезадаптацией; сепаратизма - с истинностью, эмоциональным комфортом, стремлению к взаимодействию, адаптивностью. Стратегии аккультурации включают в себя программирование, моделирование при гибкой саморегуляции. Интеграция включает в себя оценивание результатов без планирования и дистанцирования, а сепаратизм означает планирование и самостоятельность с уходом от проблем. Обнаруженные особенности могут учитываться при создании программы психологического сопровождения для повышения уровня адаптации корейских мужчин в условиях российской действительности

СУБЪЕКТИВНОЕ БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЕ КАК СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ КАПИТАЛ ЛИЧНОСТИ В ПРОЦЕССЕ АККУЛЬТУРАЦИИ

The relevance of the research of subjective well-being as a socio-psychological capital of an individual in the process of acculturation on the example of foreign students of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia is conditioned, first, by the requirement of scientific generalization of the university's long experience in training Russian and foreign students in conditions of ethnic heterogeneity; secondly, the intensification of migration processes and the increase in the number of students from other countries; third, the need to develop a program of psychological support for foreign students in an internationally oriented university aimed at raising the level of subjective well- being and improving the psychological health of the individual in the conditions of Russian reality. In this article, the following theoretical approaches to the study of the problem of acculturation are considered: U, W and Kim-curve of the process of acculturation. The success of acculturation and the subjective well-being of the individual depend on the consideration of both individual and psychological characteristics, socio-cultural, and ethnopsychological factors. The approaches available in science answer the questions related to understanding the characteristics of the subjective well-being of the individual and the process of acculturation. In this article, the subjective well-being of the individual is considered as a component of a person's socio-psychological capital. In our opinion, this approach is the most productive, since it describes in interrelation various aspects of the subjective well-being of the individual, taking into account the influence of the acculturation factor. The structure of the socio-psychological capital of the individual acts as a two-component system, both parts of which are interrelated. At the same time, the high parameters of the components of the system contained in both parts and its balance have a positive effect on the subjective well-being of the individual. The fundamental factor is trust; it is it that can be a condition for successful acculturation of the personality, as it is its psychological resource.Актуальность исследования субъективного благополучия как социально-психологического капитала личности в процессе аккультурации на примере иностранных студентов Российского университета дружбы народов обусловлена, во-первых, требованием научного обобщения многолетнего опыта вуза в подготовке российских и иностранных студентов в условиях этнической гетерогенности; во-вторых, усилением миграционных процессов и увеличением числа студентов из других стран; в-третьих, необходимостью в разработке программы психологического сопровождения иностранных студентов в международно-ориентированном университете, направленной на повышение уровня субъективного благополучия и улучшения психологического здоровья личности в условиях российской действительности. В данной статье рассматриваются следующие теоретические подходы к изучению проблемы аккультурации: U, W и Kim-кривая процесса аккультурации. Успешность аккультурации и субъективное благополучие личности зависят от учёта как индивидуально-психологических особенностей, так и социокультурных, этнопсихологических факторов. Имеющиеся в науке подходы отвечают на вопросы, связанные с пониманием особенностей субъективного благополучия личности и процесса аккультурации. В данной статье субъективное благополучие личности рассматривается как компонент социально-психологического капитала личности. На наш взгляд, данный подход является наиболее продуктивным, так как описывает во взаимосвязи различные аспекты субъективного благополучия личности с учётом влияния фактора аккультурации. Структура социально-психологического капитала личности выступает в качестве двухкомпонентной системы, обе части которой взаимосвязаны. При этом высокие параметры содержащихся в обоих частях компонентов системы и её баланс положительно влияют на субъективное благополучие личности. Основополагающим фактором является доверие, именно оно может стать условием успешной аккультурации личности, так как является её психологическим ресурсом

The representation of love among Brazilians, Russians and Central Africans: A comparative analysis

This paper is dedicated to the cultural specificities of three typical collective groups with respect to the representation of love. The research subject focuses on the cross-cultural similarities and differences in how love is conceptualized among highly educated citizens of Brazil (50), Russia (50), and Central Africa (50) (age range 21-60; M = 34). We used "The Classical ideas of love: acceptance and distancing" questionnaire (I.A. Djidaryan, E.V. Belovol, & O.V. Maslova) and the "Directed associations with 'love' as the wordstimulus" technique (on the basis of C.G. Jung's associative experiment and P. Vergès's methodology). The results show similarities and differences in how love is represented among the groups. The following similarities were found: Love is seen as all that is good and kind about a person, a way to become better. At the peripheral level, the social representation of love includes friendship, patience, and passion. At the point of cross-cultural differences, it was found that: a) The main emotion reflecting how love is represented for Brazilians is honesty, for Russians - suffering, for Central Africans - tenderness; b) Brazilians understand love as a sensual, personal moral choice; Russians perceive love as an obstacle, a problem in itself; Central Africans conceptualize love as God-given and ennobling of the person; c) love is conceptualized as something inherent and family-oriented among Russians, intrapersonal and intimate among Brazilians, and divine among Central Africans. The results mean that within peripheral confines, the notion of love among the groups matches to a certain extent R. Sternberg's triangle of love, while its core zone is culturally specific. © Lomonosov Moscow State University, 2016