Vroulikheid by die Skeppergod?: 'n liggaamskritiese ontleiding van geselekteerde skeppingstekste in die Ou Testament

Western society is pervaded by a value system that leads to a virtually natural discrimination against women and an accompanying unbridled “right” to Earth. Dichotomies, whereby, amongst others, masculinity is prioritized over femininity, lie at the heart of these value systems. These dichotomies are underpinned by the gender ideologies in the texts of the Old Testament that are regarded as normative. The possibility that creation texts of the Old Testament contain dimensions of ecojustice was foreseen, specifically regarding the potential femininity of the god constructs in cosmological texts. The ideological values leading to the construction of certain god characters were weighed up against the six principles of ecojustice promoted by the Earth Bible series. These principles are: intrinsic value, interconnectedness, voice, purpose, mutual custodianship and resistance to exploitation. The method of body criticism was employed in analyzing the texts and exposing the values foundational thereto. Body criticism as analytical tool is based upon the findings of modern cognitive science regarding the embodiment of thought, the cognitive unconscious as well as the metaphoricity of human abstract constructs. The paradigm or model of embodied realism was construed, wherein the body is regarded as “text” reflecting the deepest values and convictions of a community. God constructs represent the ideal symbolic body of a community, a regulating body that moulds and refines the values and norms of that community. In an ecojust phenomenology of the body, including the concepts of an ideal body and god constructs, gender will function as a dynamic interactive continuum. In the exposition of the body ideology of antique Israel, the focus was placed on the Israelite regulatory body in the form of God as foundation of the patriarchal ideology of the ancient world. That ideal or regulatory body was found to be decidedly male. The body critical analysis of Genesis 1:1-2:4a exposed that cosmogony as accommodating a metaphor of a god that is clearly and pertinently male. The god construct of the first creation narrative is a rhetorical power mechanism for the confirmation of male dominance. Values inherent to the god construct leave no room for Earth as equal subject. With the possible exception of a moment of wonderment and awe in Genesis 1:31, this text does not support the principles of ecojustice. The god metaphor in Psalm 74 is strictly and brutally male. Nature and Earth and her components simply form the stage on which the male dominated cult performs. The gender values underlying the god construct in Proverbs 8 and 9 represent the typical male-female dichotomy or duality. Woman Wisdom is a rhetorical power strategy employed in the service of the male God. The god character in Job 38:1-42:6 represents a contrast with the previous god constructs since hierarchized gender constructs seem to be absent. Multi-faceted gender continuum metaphorizations safeguard the god construct against one-sided and exclusive masculinity. A god construct and cosmology that serves ecojustice is constituted by the mutual incorporation of masculine and feminine values. The metaphor of a balanced body thus construed can be utilized as starting point for the regeneration of ecojust principles. Values wherein femininity is incorporated, specifically with regards to the construction of a god character, lead to a more just attitude towards Earth. Values that lead to the construction of a god character as male, or the metaphorization of a god as exclusively and one-sidedly masculine, lead to an attitude of disregard and destructiveness towards Earth. This hypothesis was confirmed by the findings of the body critical analysis of well known and important Biblical cosmological texts. Mutual incorporation of male as well as female values should constitute the god symbols of society. A society that share the conviction of ecojustice will deconstruct traditional polarizing gender categories and gender hierarchies and replace them with concepts such as the continuum of gender, empathic absorption, mutual incorporation and reciprocal constitution.Prof. Hennie Vivier

The relation between covenant and conversion : a research regarding a dispute in the Dutch Reformed Church

Daar heers tans 'n verwarring in baie mense se gemoedere, teoloe sowel as ander gelowiges, aangaande die heilsweg. Aan die een kant is daar die mense wat glo dat jy jou moet bekeer om in die verlossing te kan deel (die bekeringsteologie) . Aan die ander kant is daar diegene wat glo dat die mens klaar gered is, en enige poging, hetsy deur geloof of bekering, van mensekant is sinergisme (verbondsteologie) . In ons soeke na 'n oplossing het ons na die verbond as moontlike vertrekpunt gaan kyk, en gevind dat die verbond inderdaad 'n oplossing bied. Die verbond het verskeie prinsipiele eienskappe, en die kern daarvan is dat dit 'n Godgegewe instelling is met duidelike inhoude. Onder andere het die verbond 'n monopleuriese instelling, maar ook 'n dupleuriese werking. Hieruit volg dat die verbond op die verantwoordelikheid van die mens appeleer. Die appel van die verbond kom tot uiting in die oproep om die verlossingsdade van Christus aan te gryp. Vervolgens is gekyk na die manier waardeur 'n mens sy verantwoordelikheid nakom. In sowel die Ou as Nuwe Testament is dit duidelik dat die mens wat nie in 'n verbondsverhouding met die Here leef nie, gevaar loop om uit die verbond gesny te word. Die enigste manier om verseker dat 'n mens in die verbondsbelof tes de el, is deur bekering. Die Bybel maak nie 'n duidelike onderskeid tussen eerste en voortgaande bekering binne die verbond nie. God gee die bekering, maar vereis dit ookThere is presently a great deal of confusion in the minds of people, theologians as well as lay members, regarding the way of salvation. On the one hand there are those who believe that one must be converted before one can share in salvation. It may be called a theology of conversion. On the other hand there are those who believe that the people of the covenant are already saved, and all endevours to claim the salvation by faith or repentance, are forms of synergism. In our attempt to find a solution, we have taken the covenant as pain of departure. The covenant has many qualities, but the central aspect is the fact that the covenant is a God-given entity and therefore has certain specific characteristics like a monopleuric origin (in God} but a dupleuric working (divine and human responsibility) . According to the Old Testament as well as the New Testament, it is clear that those covenant people who do not commit themselves to the God of the covenant, and accept its demands, are in danger of being cut off from the covenant. The only way to restore the covenant relationship is by repentance and conversion. Concerning the covenant the Bible does not make any clear difference between a radical initial conversion and an ongoing one. God gives conversion, but also demands itPhilosophy, Practical and Systematic TheologyD. Th. (Sistematiese Teologie

(Re)construction in progress : a social constructionist reification of the therapeutic relationship

The purpose of this study is to provide a social constructionist perspective on the therapeutic relationship. This is to aid a broader conceptualisation and understanding of this important therapeutic concept. To attain this, multiple truths or theories regarding the therapeutic relationship are explored. Additionally, a possible different conceptualisation of a therapeutic relationship between three participants and myself as the researcher is set out using social constructionist epistemology. This includes an investigation of the researcher as an important constructer of the study, and the co-creative nature of the therapeutic relationship. The subjective nature of the research is continually emphasised throughout the dissertation. Given the social constructionist approach to this dissertation, context plays a vital role. Therefore an exploration of the social constructionist epistemology in general, psychology and psychotherapy is set out, as these form the backdrop of the study. This is followed by a look at the importance of the therapeutic relationship in psychotherapy, as well as the different contributions six broad theoretical orientations have made to the understanding of the therapeutic relationship. The importance of context is also reflected in the research design. A qualitative approach is taken, using case study methodology. Observation, field notes and unstructured interviews were used to gather the information from the participants and researcher, and the information was analysed using thematic analysis. The results are set out in the form of themes generated using the thematic analysis. The importance and development of a connection between therapist and client is explored. This includes a discussion on the role of knowledge, influence, trust in the client, and a not-knowing attitude in the process of development of a connection. The therapeutic relationship’s empowerment perspective and aim is shown. This perspective highlights the flow of power in the therapeutic relationship between therapist and client. The context of helping and the professional nature of the relationship are also discussed. These themes are grouped together under one encompassing theme, namely that of difference. It is indicated that, in general, the therapeutic relationship is one of difference. In conclusion, the contributions of this study are highlighted. These include the re-emphasis on the importance of the therapeutic relationship as a central construct in psychotherapeutic intervention.Dissertation (MA (Clinical Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2005.Psychologyunrestricte

Die/Dye: A liminal mediation between nature and industry in a changing industrial Silverton context

Set in industrial Silverton, this project deals with the mediation between nature and industry through the lens of liminality. The site for this investigation is the Silverton Cemetery, connected to the Moreleta Spruit. With access to both natural and industrial processes on the site, a re-alignment of industrial process towards natural processes is proposed. The Silverton Cemetery is to be redeveloped with a resomation route reconnecting the cemetery with the spruit and the re-introduction of the historical leather dyeing process.Mini-dissertation (MArch Prof) - University of Pretoria, 2021.ArchitectureMArch ProfUnrestricte

DNS sintese van chromosome by die mens

Full text to be digitised and attached to bibliographic record

Wet-chemical dissolution of TRISO-coated simulated high-temperature-reactor fuel particles

Chemical etching with different mixtures of acidic solutions has been investigated to disintegrate the two outermost coatings from tri-structural isotropic coated particles containing zirconia kernels, which are used in simulated particles instead of uranium dioxide. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to study the morphology of the particles after the first etching step as well as at different stages of the second etching step. SEM examination shows that the outer carbon layer can be readily removed with a CrO3–HNO3/H2SO4 solution. This finding was verified by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. Etching of the silicon carbide layer in a hydrofluoric–nitric solution yielded partial removal of the coating and localized attack of the underlying coating layers. The SEM results provide evidence that the etching of the silicon carbide layer is strongly influenced by its microstructure.The South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (Necsa)http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jnucmatai201

Complete Khoisan and Bantu genomes from southern Africa

The genetic structure of the indigenous hunter-gatherer peoples of southern Africa, the oldest known lineage of modern human, is important for understanding human diversity. Studies based on mitochondrial(1) and small sets of nuclear markers(2) have shown that these hunter-gatherers, known as Khoisan, San, or Bushmen, are genetically divergent from other humans(1,3). However, until now, fully sequenced human genomes have been limited to recently diverged populations(4–8). Here we present the complete genome sequences of an indigenous hunter-gatherer from the Kalahari Desert and a Bantu from southern Africa, as well as protein-coding regions from an additional three hunter-gatherers from disparate regions of the Kalahari. We characterize the extent of whole-genome and exome diversity among the five men, reporting 1.3 million novel DNA differences genome-wide, including 13,146 novel amino acid variants. In terms of nucleotide substitutions, the Bushmen seem to be, on average, more different from each other than, for example, a European and an Asian. Observed genomic differences between the hunter-gatherers and others may help to pinpoint genetic adaptations to an agricultural lifestyle. Adding the described variants to current databases will facilitate inclusion of southern Africans in medical research efforts, particularly when family and medical histories can be correlated with genome-wide data