Cartoonization, Caricature and Emotion Generation from A Single Intensity Frontal Facial Image

Interest in research activities in facial processing especially cartoonization, caricature and emotion generation have gradually increased over the recent years. The contribution of this paper is threefold. First, it provides an algorithms along with its results in which exaggerated cartoon like effects are added into a single facial frontal image according to the given cartoon template. The cartoon formed in this process will have similar features as of original image. Secondly, the study provides facial transformation algorithms and techniques to generate various artifacts and emotions including  sad, shy, happy, blank, serious, surprise and innocent. Thirdly, the study discusses different transformation algorithms to generate various caricatures from the single frontal facial image. The output images generated using these open source algorithms and techniques are also provided in this paper to assess their subjective quality

Potential of Azotobacter vinelandii Khsr1 as bio-inoculant

The present study deals with the isolation and characterization of Azotobacter vinelandii Khsr1 from roots of the weed, Chrysopogon aucheri, commonly known as golden beard grass indigenous to Khewra salt range, Pakistan and its evaluation as bio-inoculant. The population of the isolate varied from 107 to 108 cfu/g fresh weight of root. The preliminary identification of the isolate was made on the basis of carbon/nitrogen source utilization pattern as revealed by QTS-24 miniaturized identification system test which placed the isolate to the genus Azotobacter. The 16S-rRNA partial sequence analysis confirmed the isolate as A. vinelandii strain Khsr1. The 556 long nucleotide sequence of the isolate showed 98% similarity with A. vinelandii DJ (accession no. 012560.1). The isolate was capable of producing phytohormones: indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellic acid, trans-zeatin riboside and abscisic acid in culture supernatant, stimulated growth of Zea mays L. seedlings and augmented proline content of roots and shoots both under normal and NaCl stressed conditions. However, the magnitude of stimulation is higher under un-stressed condition.Key words: Azotobacter vinelandii Khsr1, phytohormones production, growth stimulation, salinity stress