Processes of statehood in the agrorural sector based on good agricultural practices in Córdoba (Argentina)

El objeto de este artículo es analizar el proceso de estatalidad que estructura la institucionalización del Programa de Buenas Prácticas Agropecuarias de Córdoba, convertido en la Ley Provincial N° 10663 en el año 2019. Por medio de la utilización de herramientas de la antropología política, proponemos complejizar la forma de entender dicho proceso más allá de los límites de la normativa estatal, para poner el foco en las dinámicas sociales y políticas mediante las cuales los actores disputan sentidos, negocian y confrontan. Para este caso particular, hacemos referencia a un abanico de actores heterogéneos que conforman el espacio agrorrural y político de la provincia y que inciden, de distintas maneras, en un proceso de estatalidad en el cual se muestran articulaciones sociales de poderes desiguales. Metodológicamente, construimos y analizamos un corpus formado por documentos oficiales, antecedentes bibliográficos, noticias, videos, la sesión donde se sancionó la ley en cuestión y entrevistas a legisladores y representantes de distintos sectores agrorrurales y de diferentes fuerzas políticas. El resultado fue la identificación de un consenso intrasectorial de actores que confluyeron en una estrategia dirigida a contrarrestar el cuestionamiento que los reclamos socioambientales introdujeron en la legitimidad del modelo productivo cordobés. Esta articulación, que encontró expresión institucional en esta política pública, contiene acuerdos pero también se asienta en desigualdades estructurales entre los sectores.This article aims to analyze the statehood process that structures the institutionalization of the Good Agricultural Practice Program of Córdoba which became provincial law No. 10663 in 2019. Through the use of tools from political anthropology, we intend to look in greater depth at the way to understand this process, by overflowing the limits of state regulation to focus on the social and political dynamics through which actors dispute senses, negotiate and confront. For this particular case, we refer to a range of heterogeneous actors that make up the agri-rural and political space of the province of Córdoba and that, in different ways, affect a statehood process in which social articulations of unequal powers are shown. Methodologically, we built and analyzed a corpus formed by official documents, bibliographic backgrounds, news, videos, interviews with legislators and representatives of different agri-rural sectors and different political forces, and the session where the law was passed. The result was the identification of an intrasectorial consensus of agri-rural actors which converged in a strategy aimed at countering the questioning that socio-environmental claims introduced into the legitimacy of the Córdoba productive model. This articulation, which found institutional expression in this public policy, involves agreements but it is also based on structural inequalities between sectors.Fil: Ambrogi, Sofia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Centro de Investigaciones María Saleme Burnichón; ArgentinaFil: Barrera Calderon, Juan Emanuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Centro de Investigaciones En Ciencias Economicas | Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Centro de Investigaciones En Ciencias Economicas.; ArgentinaFil: Decandido, Erika. Universidad Nacional de Villa María. Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Sociales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pereyra, Camila Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto de Estudios para el Desarrollo Social. - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Humanidades Ciencias Sociales y de la Salud. Instituto de Estudios para el Desarrollo Social; Argentin

Eating during the pandemic in Santiago del Estero, Argentina: Between public policies, family and community strategies

Objetivo: analizar los desafíos y potencialidades en la garantía del derecho a la alimentación adecuada, en vinculación con los diferentes repertorios de acciones del Estado, las familias y las organizaciones sociales situados en el contexto de la pandemia de Covid-19. Metodología: el abordaje se posiciona en una perspectiva compleja, territorial y feminista. La metodología implicó un abordaje mixto, cualicuantitativo, recurriendo a entrevistas semiestructuradas y encuestas diferenciadas por escenarios territoriales. Se profundizó mediante estudios de caso. Resultados: se describen los efectos de la pandemia sobre la producción de la AFCI, la logística entre producción y consumo y el acceso y consumo de alimentos, contemplando aspectos transversales. Se problematiza la desterritorialización de la alimentación asociada a políticas públicas que dejan a la alimentación en manos del mercado. Se identifican además las estrategias familiares y comunitarias desplegadas, así como el rol de las organizaciones sociales y de las mujeres en el proceso de territorialización de la alimentación. Limitaciones: las limitaciones de movilidad de la pandemia, limitó las posibilidades de acceder a informantes y generar una estrategia de muestreo robusta por lo que la información presentada no pretende ser representativa de toda la provincia. Conclusiones: para garantizar el derecho a una alimentación adecuada se necesitan políticas públicas territorializadas asociadas a los principios de la soberanía alimentaria. Estas deberían ser pensadas desde la universalidad del derecho desde un abordaje complejo, contemplado la diversidad de escenarios y el acceso al agua y a la tierra. Para ello, las organizaciones sociales son indispensables y es necesario el reconocimiento de su trabajo.Objective: To analyze the challenges and potentialities in guaranteeing the right to adequate food, in relation to the different repertoires of actions of the State, families and social organizations in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in different scenarios in the province of Santiago del Estero, Argentina, focusing on historically vulnerable sectors. Methodology: The approach is positioned in a complex, territorial and feminist perspective. The methodology involved a mixed qualitative-quantitative approach, using semistructured interviews and surveys differentiated by territorial scenarios. It was deepened through case studies. Results: The effects of the pandemic on the production of the AFCI, the logistics between production and consumption and the access and consumption of food are described, considering transversal aspects. The deterritorialization of food associated with public policies that leave food in the hands of the market is problematized. We also identify the family and community strategies deployed, as well as the role of social organizations and women in the process of territorializing food. Limitations: The mobility constraints of the pandemic, limited the possibilities of accessing informants and generating a robust sampling strategy so the information presented does not pretend to be representative of the entire province. Conclusions: To guarantee the right to adequate food, territorialized public policies associated with the principles of food sovereignty are needed. These should be thought from the universality of the right from a complex approach, considering the diversity of scenarios and access to water and land. To this end, social organizations are indispensable and their work must be recognized.Fil: Urdampilleta, Constanza María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto de Estudios para el Desarrollo Social. - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Humanidades Ciencias Sociales y de la Salud. Instituto de Estudios para el Desarrollo Social; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales. Instituto de Silvicultura y Manejo de Bosques; ArgentinaFil: Pereyra, Camila Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto de Estudios para el Desarrollo Social. - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Humanidades Ciencias Sociales y de la Salud. Instituto de Estudios para el Desarrollo Social; ArgentinaFil: Escalada, Cecilia Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto de Estudios para el Desarrollo Social. - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Humanidades Ciencias Sociales y de la Salud. Instituto de Estudios para el Desarrollo Social; ArgentinaFil: Ledesma, Dominga Victorina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Instituto de Estudios para el Desarrollo Social. - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Humanidades Ciencias Sociales y de la Salud. Instituto de Estudios para el Desarrollo Social; ArgentinaFil: Coronel, Maria Silvina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentin

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Procesos de estatalidad en el sector agrorrural a partir de las Buenas Prácticas Agropecuarias en Córdoba (Argentina)

This article aims to analyze the statehood process that structures the institutionalization of the Good Agricultural Practice Program of Córdoba which became provincial law No. 10663 in 2019. Through the use of tools from political anthropology, we intend to look in greater depth at the way to understand this process, by overflowing the limits of state regulation to focus on the social and political dynamics through which actors dispute senses, negotiate and confront. For this particular case, we refer to a range of heterogeneous actors that make up the agri-rural and political space of the province of Córdoba and that, in different ways, affect a statehood process in which social articulations of unequal powers are shown. Methodologically, we built and analyzed a corpus formed by official documents, bibliographic backgrounds, news, videos, interviews with legislators and representatives of different agri-rural sectors and different political forces, and the session where the law was passed. The result was the identification of an intrasectorial consensus of agri-rural actors which converged in a strategy aimed at countering the questioning that socio-environmental claims introduced into the legitimacy of the Córdoba productive model. This articulation, which found institutional expression in this public policy, involves agreements but it is also based on structural inequalities between sectors.El objeto de este articulo es analizar el proceso de estatalidad que estructura la institucionalización del Programa de Buenas Prácticas Agropecuarias de Córdoba, convertido en la Ley Provincial N° 10663 en el año 2019. Por medio de la utilización de herramientas de la antropologia politica, proponemos complejizar la forma de entender dicho proceso más allá de los limites de la normativa estatal, para poner el foco en las dinámicas sociales y politicas mediante las cuales los actores disputan sentidos, negocian y confrontan. Para este caso particular, hacemos referencia a un abanico de actores heterogéneos que conforman el espacio agrorrural y politico de la provincia y que inciden, de distintas maneras, en un proceso de estatalidad en el cual se muestran articulaciones sociales de poderes desiguales. Metodológicamente, construimos y analizamos un corpus formado por documentos oficiales, antecedentes bibliográficos, noticias, videos, la sesión donde se sancionó la ley en cuestión y entrevistas a legisladores y representantes de distintos sectores agrorrurales y de diferentes fuerzas politicas. El resultado fue la identificación de un consenso intrasectorial de actores que confluyeron en una estrategia dirigida a contrarrestar el cuestionamiento que los reclamos socioambientales introdujeron en la legitimidad del modelo productivo cordobés. Esta articulación, que encontró expresión institucional en esta politica pública, contiene acuerdos pero también se asienta en desigualdades estructurales entre los sectores. ark:/s25251635/amficur1

Reduction of cardiac imaging tests during the COVID-19 pandemic: The case of Italy. Findings from the IAEA Non-invasive Cardiology Protocol Survey on COVID-19 (INCAPS COVID)

Background: In early 2020, COVID-19 massively hit Italy, earlier and harder than any other European country. This caused a series of strict containment measures, aimed at blocking the spread of the pandemic. Healthcare delivery was also affected when resources were diverted towards care of COVID-19 patients, including intensive care wards. Aim of the study: The aim is assessing the impact of COVID-19 on cardiac imaging in Italy, compare to the Rest of Europe (RoE) and the World (RoW). Methods: A global survey was conducted in May–June 2020 worldwide, through a questionnaire distributed online. The survey covered three periods: March and April 2020, and March 2019. Data from 52 Italian centres, a subset of the 909 participating centres from 108 countries, were analyzed. Results: In Italy, volumes decreased by 67% in March 2020, compared to March 2019, as opposed to a significantly lower decrease (p &lt; 0.001) in RoE and RoW (41% and 40%, respectively). A further decrease from March 2020 to April 2020 summed up to 76% for the North, 77% for the Centre and 86% for the South. When compared to the RoE and RoW, this further decrease from March 2020 to April 2020 in Italy was significantly less (p = 0.005), most likely reflecting the earlier effects of the containment measures in Italy, taken earlier than anywhere else in the West. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic massively hit Italy and caused a disruption of healthcare services, including cardiac imaging studies. This raises concern about the medium- and long-term consequences for the high number of patients who were denied timely diagnoses and the subsequent lifesaving therapies and procedures

International Impact of COVID-19 on the Diagnosis of Heart Disease

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has adversely affected diagnosis and treatment of noncommunicable diseases. Its effects on delivery of diagnostic care for cardiovascular disease, which remains the leading cause of death worldwide, have not been quantified. Objectives: The study sought to assess COVID-19's impact on global cardiovascular diagnostic procedural volumes and safety practices. Methods: The International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a worldwide survey assessing alterations in cardiovascular procedure volumes and safety practices resulting from COVID-19. Noninvasive and invasive cardiac testing volumes were obtained from participating sites for March and April 2020 and compared with those from March 2019. Availability of personal protective equipment and pandemic-related testing practice changes were ascertained. Results: Surveys were submitted from 909 inpatient and outpatient centers performing cardiac diagnostic procedures, in 108 countries. Procedure volumes decreased 42% from March 2019 to March 2020, and 64% from March 2019 to April 2020. Transthoracic echocardiography decreased by 59%, transesophageal echocardiography 76%, and stress tests 78%, which varied between stress modalities. Coronary angiography (invasive or computed tomography) decreased 55% (p &lt; 0.001 for each procedure). In multivariable regression, significantly greater reduction in procedures occurred for centers in countries with lower gross domestic product. Location in a low-income and lower–middle-income country was associated with an additional 22% reduction in cardiac procedures and less availability of personal protective equipment and telehealth. Conclusions: COVID-19 was associated with a significant and abrupt reduction in cardiovascular diagnostic testing across the globe, especially affecting the world's economically challenged. Further study of cardiovascular outcomes and COVID-19–related changes in care delivery is warranted

Impact of COVID-19 on Diagnostic Cardiac Procedural Volume in Oceania: The IAEA Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocol Survey on COVID-19 (INCAPS COVID)

Objectives: The INCAPS COVID Oceania study aimed to assess the impact caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiac procedure volume provided in the Oceania region. Methods: A retrospective survey was performed comparing procedure volumes within March 2019 (pre-COVID-19) with April 2020 (during first wave of COVID-19 pandemic). Sixty-three (63) health care facilities within Oceania that perform cardiac diagnostic procedures were surveyed, including a mixture of metropolitan and regional, hospital and outpatient, public and private sites, and 846 facilities outside of Oceania. The percentage change in procedure volume was measured between March 2019 and April 2020, compared by test type and by facility. Results: In Oceania, the total cardiac diagnostic procedure volume was reduced by 52.2% from March 2019 to April 2020, compared to a reduction of 75.9% seen in the rest of the world (p&lt;0.001). Within Oceania sites, this reduction varied significantly between procedure types, but not between types of health care facility. All procedure types (other than stress cardiac magnetic resonance [CMR] and positron emission tomography [PET]) saw significant reductions in volume over this time period (p&lt;0.001). In Oceania, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) decreased by 51.6%, transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) by 74.0%, and stress tests by 65% overall, which was more pronounced for stress electrocardiograph (ECG) (81.8%) and stress echocardiography (76.7%) compared to stress single-photon emission computerised tomography (SPECT) (44.3%). Invasive coronary angiography decreased by 36.7% in Oceania. Conclusion: A significant reduction in cardiac diagnostic procedure volume was seen across all facility types in Oceania and was likely a function of recommendations from cardiac societies and directives from government to minimise spread of COVID-19 amongst patients and staff. Longer term evaluation is important to assess for negative patient outcomes which may relate to deferral of usual models of care within cardiology