956 research outputs found
Integer Complexity Generalizations in Various Rings
In this paper, we investigate generalizations of the Mahler-Popkens
complexity of integers. Specifically, we generalize to -th roots of unity,
polynomials over the naturals, and the integers mod . In cyclotomic rings,
we establish upper and lower bounds for integer complexity, investigate the
complexity of roots of unity using cyclotomic polynomials, and introduce a
concept of "minimality.'' In polynomials over the naturals, we establish bounds
on the sizes of complexity classes and establish a trivial but useful upper
bound. In the integers mod , we introduce the concepts of "inefficiency'',
"resilience'', and "modified complexity.'' In hopes of improving the upper
bound on the complexity of the most complex element mod , we also use graphs
to visualize complexity in these finite rings.Comment: 44 pages, 11 figures, Research Lab from PROMY
VKIE: The Application of Key Information Extraction on Video Text
Extracting structured information from videos is critical for numerous
downstream applications in the industry. In this paper, we define a significant
task of extracting hierarchical key information from visual texts on videos. To
fulfill this task, we decouples it into four subtasks and introduce two
implementation solutions called PipVKIE and UniVKIE. PipVKIE sequentially
completes the four subtasks in continuous stages, while UniVKIE is improved by
unifying all the subtasks into one backbone. Both PipVKIE and UniVKIE leverage
multimodal information from vision, text, and coordinates for feature
representation. Extensive experiments on one well-defined dataset demonstrate
that our solutions can achieve remarkable performance and efficient inference
speed. The code and dataset will be publicly available
Hydrodynamic effects on the filtered dark matter produced by a first-order phase transition
Motivated by current status of dark matter (DM) search, a new type of DM
production mechanism is proposed based on thedynamical process of a strong
first-order phase transition in the early universe, namely, the filtered DM
mechanism. We study the hydrodynamic effects on the DM relic density. By
detailed calculations, we demonstrate that the hydrodynamic modes with the
corresponding hydrodynamic heating effects play essential roles in determining
the DM relic density. The corresponding phase transition gravitational wave
could help to probe this new mechanism.Comment: Published version in Physical Review D, 39 pages, 13 figures, 4
table
Implication of nano-Hertz stochastic gravitational wave on dynamical dark matter through a first-order phase transition
For the first time, the expected stochastic gravitational wave background is
probably discovered after observing the Hellings Downs correlation curve by
several pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations around the globe including
NANOGrav, European PTA, Parkes PTA, and Chinese PTA. These new observations can
help to explore the dark matter formation mechanisms in the early universe. We
study the implication of those results on the dynamical dark matter formation
mechanisms through first-order phase transition in the early universe. Both the
Q-ball dark matter and super-cool dark matter are investigated in the strong
super-cooling phase transition which are consistent with the observed
stochastic gravitational wave background.Comment: 22 pages, 6 figures, 1 table; comments are welcom
Predicting Aesthetic Score Distribution through Cumulative Jensen-Shannon Divergence
Aesthetic quality prediction is a challenging task in the computer vision
community because of the complex interplay with semantic contents and
photographic technologies. Recent studies on the powerful deep learning based
aesthetic quality assessment usually use a binary high-low label or a numerical
score to represent the aesthetic quality. However the scalar representation
cannot describe well the underlying varieties of the human perception of
aesthetics. In this work, we propose to predict the aesthetic score
distribution (i.e., a score distribution vector of the ordinal basic human
ratings) using Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN). Conventional DCNNs
which aim to minimize the difference between the predicted scalar numbers or
vectors and the ground truth cannot be directly used for the ordinal basic
rating distribution. Thus, a novel CNN based on the Cumulative distribution
with Jensen-Shannon divergence (CJS-CNN) is presented to predict the aesthetic
score distribution of human ratings, with a new reliability-sensitive learning
method based on the kurtosis of the score distribution, which eliminates the
requirement of the original full data of human ratings (without normalization).
Experimental results on large scale aesthetic dataset demonstrate the
effectiveness of our introduced CJS-CNN in this task.Comment: AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), New Orleans,
Louisiana, USA. 2-7 Feb. 201
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Predictive Biomarkers of Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Gastroesophageal Cancers.
Immune checkpoint inhibition has transformed cancer treatment. For gastroesophageal cancer, this class of drugs have demonstrated durable responses and survival benefit in a subgroup of patients, resulting in regulatory approval. However, several recent randomized phase III studies in gastroesophageal cancer have reported negative results, blunting initial enthusiasm. Identification and validation of predictive biomarkers with appropriate patient selection for benefit from immunotherapy is an area of intense research with novel concepts rapidly emerging. In this review we describe the latest immune checkpoint inhibitor trials which have been reported in gastroesophageal cancers with a focus on predictive biomarkers. We also explore novel biomarkers being developed to improve precision oncology for immunotherapy in gastroesophageal cancers
A retrospective study on the efficacy of the ERAS protocol in patients who underwent laparoscopic left and right colectomy surgeries
ObjectiveRetrospective analysis and comparison of the effects of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol for patients having left and right colectomy surgeries.MethodOut of the patients admitted to Chengdu Shang Jin Nan Fu Hospital and West China Hospital from December 2019 to December 2022, a total of 498 who met the inclusion criteria were selected, 255 with right colectomy(RC) and 243 with left colectomy (LC). Under the conditions of strict compliance with ERAS protocol, the relevant physical indexes of RC and LC, including postoperative rehabilitation (especially median post-operative stay) and complications (especially prolonged postoperative ileus, PPOI), were statistically analyzed and compared.ResultsIn terms of intraoperative variables, fluid doses were higher in the LC group than in the RC group (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between them in terms of operative time, blood loss, need for open surgery, peritoneal contamination, epidural catheter placement, or opioid use (P > 0.05). Compared with the RC group, the LC group had a higher intake of oral liquid at the second postoperative day (POD), and faster first flatulence (P < 0.05). 30 (11.76%) RC patients required nasogastric tube insertion, while only 3 (1.23%) patients in the LC group required the same (P < 0.05). Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) occurred in 48 (18.82%) and 29 (11.93%) patients in the RC and LC groups, respectively (P < 0.05). No significant differences in terms of postoperative complications or length of hospital stay (LoS). stay were observed.ConclusionAs the location of colon cancer changes, the effectiveness of ERAS also varies. More personalized and precise ERAS protocols can reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and promote rapid recovery after surgery
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