Thermal Raman study of Li4Ti5O12 and discussion about the number of its characteristic bands

Lithium battery industry is booming, and this fast growth should be supported by developing industry friendly tools to control the quality of positive and negative electrode materials. Raman spectroscopy was shown to be a cost effective and sensitive instrument to study defects and heterogeneities in lithium titanate, popular negative electrode material for high power applications, but there are still some points to be clarified. This work presents a detailed thermal Raman study for lithium titanate and discusses the difference of the number of predicted and experimentally observed Raman-active bands. The low temperature study and the analysis of thermal shifts of bands positions during heating let us to conclude about advantages of the proposed approach with surplus bands and recommend using shifts of major band to estimate the sample heating

Main Drivers of Battery Industry Changes: Electric Vehicles—A Market Overview

The growing popularity of electric vehicles is one of the main drivers of battery industry transformation. Words like “transport system decarbonization„, “electromobility„, and “environmental-friendly society„ are very popular today, but questions remain as to how to measure electric vehicles’ adoption progress and how this transition changes the battery industry. This perspective paper provides a review of the electric cars and buses market, estimates the production volumes of some other electric vehicle types, and discusses the role of traction batteries in the global battery market. A simple estimation of the sales rate allows us to evaluate the prospects of electric vehicle adoption in leading countries. Finally, the application of the main battery chemistries is reviewed and topical issues to the research society are addressed and formulated

Electric Car Market Analysis Using Open Data: Sales, Volatility Assessment, and Forecasting

In the context of the growing popularity of electric cars, it is important to track the sustainability of this emerging industry. This work presents the results of electric vehicle sales up to and including 2021, proposes volatility assessment and short-term forecasting using normalized monthly sales analysis, and discusses why quantitative long-term forecasting is impossible. In cases where authorities and regulators are the main driving forces of change, the electric car market does not need forecasting, but instead requires proper goal setting and timely published market data with open access

Fast and Slow Laser-Stimulated Degradation of Mn-Doped Li4Ti5O12

Lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12) is a commercial anode material used for high-power and long-lifespan lithium batteries. The key drawback of this material is its low electronic conductivity. Although doping is commonly used to solve this problem, the introduction of dopants also diminished lattice stability. In this work, we studied fast and slow laser-induced degradation processes of single Mn-doped lithium titanate particles and proposed a physicochemical model of their degradation mechanism. We suppose that the preferable route of LTO alteration is the formation of amorphous phases rather than crystalline decomposition products. Our results may be useful for not only developing a nondestructive characterization tool utilizing Raman spectroscopy but also for understanding other degradation processes, including thermal alteration and structural changes caused by the intercalation/deintercalation cycles of lithium ions