Study of website Promotion Techniques and Role of SEO in search engine results

The explosion in the designing of websites to reach maximum people by business sectors has been tremendously increased in last few years. Obviously website is of no use if it not visited. There are number of ways to promote the website and reach to maximum users. To promote website through search engine results is most effective way. Promoting website in search engine result has been completed with Search Engine Optimization (SEO) techniques. It is possible to move a web page to the top list results of a search engine by using only some necessary optimization rules. SEO is helping a web site to appear in first result page of a search engine. SEO is least costly and most effective way to reach many people. In the present paper we explained different website promotion techniques, explores the different search engine optimization techniques with on-page and off-page optimization. This paper reviews the work done by different researcher which identify on-page optimization techniques used in web pages using different methods and among them find out important on-page optimization techniques to help website to rank high in search engine results

Early Breast Cancer Prediction using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques

Breast Cancer (BC) is a considered as one of the utmost lethal diseases across the globe that has a very high morbidity and mortality rate. Accurate and early prediction along with diagnosis is one of the most crucial characteristics for the treatment of Breast Cancer. Doctors can have an edge over Breast cancer if they are able to predict it in its early stages using deep learning and machine learning techniques. This paper proposed consists of comparison between the and accuracy of various machine learning models like Support vector machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), Naïve Bayes (NB), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), XGB Classifier and deep learning model of Artificial neural networks (ANN) for the precise detection of breast cancer. The most crucial properties from the database have been chosen using one feature-selection technique. Correlation is also used to choose the most correlated features from the data. Implementing the ANN model consists of one input layer, two hidden layers, and one output layer. All Machine Learning models and ANN model are then applied to selected features. The results demonstrated that the SVM classifier achieved the highest performance with an accuracy of ~98.24%

ANALYSIS OF DATA HIDING ALGORITHMS FOR IMAGE SECURITY

The main goal of reversible data hiding algorithms is to embed the secret information in cover image and recover it back successfully. So we have implemented two methods. In first method, cover image is encrypted using stream cipher and pseudo randomly generated key and compressed using haar wavelet compression. The encrypted compressed image acts as a media for hiding secret image. And in second method, secret image is encrypted using randomly generated key and it is hidden in cover image. In both the method data hiding is done using LSB based image steganography. At the receiver, reverse process is done to extract secret image and recover cover image. At the end, we conclude that second method gives better security of image compared to method one

Monitoring of hepatitis B virus surface antigen escape mutations and concomitant nucleostide analog resistance mutations in patients with chronic hepatitis B

Background: In hepatitis B virus (HBV), reverse transcriptase (RT) region of the polymerase P gene and surface S gene (HBsAg) are largely overlapped. Mutations in surface S gene may cause escape variants. In the present study, we aimed to study the prevalence and pattern of the typical HBsAg escape mutations and concomitant nucleos(t)ide analogue resistance mutation patterns in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in Indian population.Methods: The present observational study was carried out from January 2021 to June 2022 with 156 known cases of CHB infection. Hepatitis B viral load quantitation was done followed by HBV genotyping and drug resistance detection by PCR and sequencing.Results: Out of 156 cases of CHB, HBsAg escape mutations were found in 50 (32.05%) patients. Genotype D was predominant (90%). Median viral load was 4.43×105 copies/ml. Total 128 HBsAg escape mutations of 46 different patterns were observed with overall prevalence of 29.49% (46/156) in CHB infected patients. The most common substitutions were sP127T (16.67%), sA128V (14.74%), sR122K (5.13%), sY134N (3.85%), sK141R (2.56%), sS143L (2.56%) and sT126INST (1.92%). Concomitant RT mutations were detected in 20 (40%) patients. Total 68 (43.59%) RT mutations of 18 different mutation characteristics were found conferring possible or confirmed resistance to nucleos(t)ide analogues.Conclusions: The emergence of drugs resistant mutants with alteration in ‘aa’ determinant of the S protein is of some concern. The development of novel nucleos(t)ide analogues with a high barrier to resistance is warranted.  National surveillance networks should be set up

COX-2 and PPARγ expression are potential markers of recurrence risk in mammary duct carcinoma in-situ

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In women with duct carcinoma in-situ (DCIS) receiving breast conservation therapy (BCT), in-breast recurrences are seen in approximately 10%, but cannot be accurately predicted using clinical and histological criteria. We performed a case-control study to identify protein markers of local recurrence risk in DCIS.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Women treated for DCIS with BCT, who later developed in-breast recurrence (cases) were matched by age and year of treatment to women who remained free of recurrence (controls).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 69 women were included in the study, 31 cases and 38 controls. Immunohistochemical evaluation of DCIS tissue arrays was performed for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER-2/neu, cyclin D1, p53, p21, cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Two markers were significantly different between cases and controls on univariate analysis: strong COX-2 expression was associated with increased risk of recurrence, with 67% vs. 24% positivity in cases and controls p = 0.006; and nuclear expression of PPARγ was associated with protection from recurrence with 4% vs. 27% positivity in cases and controls, p = 0.024. In a multivariate model which included size, grade, COX-2 and PPARγ positivity, we found COX-2 positivity to be a strong independent risk factor for recurrence (OR 7.90, 95% CI 1.72–36.23)., whereas size and grade were of borderline significance. PPARγ expression continued to demonstrate a protective trend, (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.06–1.84).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our findings suggest that COX-2 and PPARγ should be investigated further as biologic markers to predict DCIS recurrence, particularly since they are also potential therapeutic targets.</p

Early and extended erythropoietin monotherapy after hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy:a multicentre double-blind pilot randomised controlled trial

Objective: To examine the feasibility of early and extended erythropoietin monotherapy after hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE). Design: Double-blind pilot randomised controlled trial.Setting: Eight neonatal units in South Asia. Patients: Neonates (≥36 weeks) with moderate or severe HIE admitted between 31 December 2022 and 3 May 2023. Interventions: Erythropoietin (500 U/kg daily) or to the placebo (sham injections using a screen) within 6 hours of birth and continued for 9 days. MRI at 2 weeks of age. Main outcomes and measures: Feasibility of randomisation, drug administration and assessment of brain injury using MRI. Results: Of the 154 neonates screened, 56 were eligible; 6 declined consent and 50 were recruited; 43 (86%) were inborn. Mean (SD) age at first dose was 4.4 (1.2) hours in erythropoietin and 4.1 (1.0) hours in placebo. Overall mortality at hospital discharge occurred in 5 (19%) vs 11 (46%) (p=0.06), and 3 (13%) vs 9 (40.9%) (p=0.04) among those with moderate encephalopathy in the erythropoietin and placebo groups. Moderate or severe injury to basal ganglia, white matter and cortex occurred in 5 (25%) vs 5 (38.5%); 14 (70%) vs 11 (85%); and 6 (30%) vs 2 (15.4%) in the erythropoietin and placebo group, respectively. Sinus venous thrombosis was seen in two (10%) neonates in the erythropoietin group and none in the control group. Conclusions: Brain injury and mortality after moderate or severe HIE are high in South Asia. Evaluation of erythropoietin monotherapy using MRI to examine treatment effects is feasible in these settings. Trial registration number: NCT05395195

Microsoft Word - 3.ISCA-RJCITS-2013-005

Abstract As popularity of web increases, millions of people use search engines to discover information. But search engine users are interested only in top few result pages. So promoting a website in search engine result is a major task in website development. Search engine optimization (SEO) is to complete this work. But sometimes black hat SEO techniques are used which mislead the search engine and increase page ranking higher than deserved in search engine results. This paper present feature of search engine page rank algorithms, SEO techniques and black hat SEO techniques. Keywords: Search Engine Optimization (SEO), Black Hat SEO, Page Rank. Introduction Now a day, the enormous content of the Internet has made it difficult to find relevant information on a subject. Methods helping retrieving information have become particularly important 1 . So search engine becomes an integral part of everyone&apos;s life to search information. We rely on search engines to provide us right information at right time. To satisfy users need search engine must find and filter most relevant information matching a user query and display that information to the user. If search engine fairly judge quality and relevance of every page and return high quality pages to user then &quot;search-engine-bias&quot; may not be a significant problem 2 . But unfortunately, quality of page is very subjective assumption and difficult to measure in real life. Major search engine like Google rely on page rank to measure quality of page 3 . Higher page rank value indicates website is very popular The goal is to provide reference for the developers of websites in their search engine optimization. Search Engine Algorithm Page Rank (PR): Page Rank is an algorithm in which a numerical weight is assign to a webpage according to its relative importance. It uses incoming link information to assign global importance score to all pages on the web. Number of incoming links from quality sites measures the popularity of a page. It is based on quantity and quality of both inbound and outbound links. Pages which have higher rank are most important and it has chances to be listed on search engine&apos;s top result list. Page rank value is divided into levels 1-10 of which 10 represent higher PR value means that page is more popular while page rank value 1 means page is not popular. The web page which got position among first 25 top results, PR value should be 6 or above 6 . Suppose t 1 ,t 2 ..t n are pages linking to page A then Page-A has its PR value as follows: Where d is damping coefficient, usually its value is 0.85. PR(t 1 )...PR(t n ) is page t 1 to t n page rank value, C(t i ) means number of outgoing links page t i . PR(t i )/C(t i ) means page t i &apos;s contribution to page A&apos;s PR value 2 . HillTop Algorithm: When a query is given, HillTop first compute list of most relevant experts on the query topic. Then identify relevant links within the selected set of experts and follow them to identify target web pages. According to number and relevance of non-affiliated experts that point to them, target pages are ranked. So the score of a target page reflects the collective opinion of the best independent experts on the query Thus, we compute the score of an expert. Let k be the number of terms in the input query, q. The component S i of the score is computed by considering only key phrases that contain precisely k -i of the query terms. S i = SUM{key phrases p with k -i query terms} LevelScore(p) * Fullness Factor (p, q) (2) LevelScore(p) is a score assigned to the phrase by virtue of the type of phrase it is. FullnessFactor(p, q) is a measure of the number of terms in p covered by the terms in q. The score of each expert is converted to a scalar by the weighted summation of the three components 7 : Search Engine Optimization SEO Concept: Generally people visit a website to find out information according to their need. But if they did not find right content, they became frustrated and immediately click away from site. So in order to draw their attention and bring them back maximum number of times, website is built up with proper target and quality content. It fulfills user need as well as improves rank position in search engines result list. Search engine optimization (SEO) is the process of improving the number and quality of traffic to a web site from search engines via natural listing for targeted keywords. Search engine optimizers help in building a website such that it can be found easily to search engine crawler with relevant keywords 9 . SEO help the web site designer to get top ranking position in search result list, attract more online visitors and finally improve the marketing capability of site. White hat SEO: White hat SEO techniques are ethical which follows search engine&apos;s rules and policies. White hat SEO search engine ranking results in such a way that search engine don&apos;t punish the site like blocking the site from their search results. Using white hat SEO techniques search engine returns quality content. These techniques are beneficial to both users as well as search engines. SEO include major two factors On-site optimization and Offsite optimization 10 . On-site Optimization techniques: Keywords are short descriptions. Users enter keywords to search information on search engines. Keyword represents the relationship between search term and several billion of web pages. On-site optimization includes website design elements such as keyword formatting, keyword in meta tag, keyword in title tag, position of keywords, external link, keyword density etc., which are controlled by site itself. Location of keyword: Search engine crawler check whether keyword appear in &lt;title&gt; tag; &lt;header&gt; tag; &lt;alt&gt; tag; &lt;meta&gt; tag; &lt;body&gt; tag, in anchor text, in URL etc. Title tag: Title is the biggest ranking factor. Most search engine use the website&apos;s title tag as main factor of sites listing in search result pages 11 . Keyword density: Density of Keyword means frequency of keyword present on web page compare to total number of words on the page. Frequency of keyword in title tag and frequency of keyword in body tag should be strong optimization factor. Density of keyword should be within 2% -8% for improving website ranking 12 . Keyword in URL: Keyword included in URL, The website will be found more easily by search engine crawlers if keyword included in URL. Search engine pays priorities to different domain name suffixes like edu or gov. Also shorter length URL is preferred in Search Engine Optimization 13 . Keyword in Meta tag: The meta description tag contains description of page that is informative and reflects the content of web page. The website will be indexed if related keywords are found in meta description tag. Keyword in alt text: Alt text or tag specifies alternative text for images. Descriptive text associated with alt tag that serve same purpose and convey same essential information the image. Alt tags are short and descriptive which reflect the body text that describes the image

Dental complications of herpes zoster: Two case reports and review of literature

Herpes zoster (HZ) (shingles) results due to reactivation of varicella-zoster virus. Unusual dental complications like osteonecrosis, exfoliation of teeth, periodontitis, and calcified and devitalized pulps, periapical lesions, and resorption of roots as well as developmental anomalies such as irregular short roots and missing teeth may arise secondary to involvement of 2 nd or 3 rd division of trigeminal nerve by HZ. Such cases pose both a diagnostic as well as a therapeutic challenge. We report two such rare dental complications of HZ-spontaneous tooth exfoliation and osteonecrosis of the maxilla in a 70-year-old female patient; and multiple periapical pathoses affecting right half of the mandibular teeth in a 45-year-old female patient. Both the patients did not have any associated systemic illness. The aim of this paper was to compare the present cases with all the 46 cases of osteonecrosis and 6 cases of multiple periapical pathoses secondary to trigeminal zoster reported in literature till date The article also throws light that the occurrence of such dental complications of HZ is not entirely dependent on the immune status of the host