11 research outputs found
Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derivatives on Hematopoiesis and Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Hematopoiesis
is a balance among quiescence, self-renewal, proliferation, and
differentiation, which is believed to be firmly adjusted through interactions
between hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) with the
microenvironment. This microenvironment is derived from a common progenitor of
mesenchymal origin and its signals should be capable of regulating the cellular
memory of transcriptional situation and lead to an exchange of stem cell genes
expression. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have self-renewal and differentiation
capacity into tissues of mesodermal origin, and these cells can support
hematopoiesis through release various molecules that play a crucial role in
migration, homing, self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation of HSPCs. Studies
on the effects of MSCs on HSPC differentiation can develop modern solutions in
the treatment of patients with hematologic disorders for more effective Bone
Marrow (BM) transplantation in the near future. However, considerable
challenges remain on realization of how paracrine mechanisms of MSCs act on the
target tissues, and how to design a therapeutic regimen with various paracrine
factors in order to achieve optimal results for tissue conservation and
regeneration. The aim of this review
is to characterize and consider the related aspects of the ability of MSCs
secretome in protection of hematopoiesis
The Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Microvesicles on Erythroid Differentiation of Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived CD34+ Cells
Purpose: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow via cell-to-cell contact, as well as secretion of cytokines and microvesicles (MVs). In this study, we investigated the effect of mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicles (MSC-MVs) on erythroid differentiation of umbilical cord blood-derived CD34+ cells. Methods: In this descriptive study, CD34+ cells were cultured with mixture of SCF (10 ng/ml) and rhEPO (5 U/ml) cytokines in complete IMDM medium as positive control group. Then, in MV1- and MV2-groups, microvesicles at 10 and 20 µg/ml concentration were added. After 72 hours, erythroid specific markers (CD71 and CD235a) and genes (HBG1, GATA1, FOG1 and NFE2) were assessed by flow cytometry and qRT-PCR, respectively. Results: The expression of specific markers of the erythroid lineages (CD71 and GPA) in the presence of different concentration of microvesicles were lower than that of the control group (P<0.001). Also, the expression of specific genes of the erythroid lineages (NFE2, FOG1, GATA1, and HBG1) was investigated in comparison to the internal control (GAPDH). Among all of them, HBG1 and FOG1 genes were significantly decreased to the control group (P<0.0001) but GATA1 and NFE2 gene expressions was not significant. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that MSC-MVs decrease the erythroid differentiation of umbilical cord blood-derived CD34+ cells. Therefore, MSC-MVs play a key role in the regulation of normal erythropoiesis
Mesenchymal Stem Cell - Derived Exosomes: New Opportunity i n Cell - Free Therapy
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are involved in tissue homeostasis through direct cell - to - cell interaction, as well as secretion of soluble factors. Exosomes are the sort of soluble biological mediators that obtained from MSCs cultured media in vitro. MSC - deriv ed exosomes ( MSC - DEs ) which produced under physiological or pathological conditions are central mediators of intercellular communications by conveying proteins, lipids, mRNAs, siRNA, ribosomal RNAs and miRNAs to the neighbor or distant cells. MSC - DEs have been tested in various disease models, and the results have revealed that their functions are similar to those of MSCs. They have the supportive functions in organisms such as repairing tissue damages, suppressing inflammatory responses, and modulating the immune system. MSC - DEs are of great interest in the scope of regenerative medicine because of their unique capacity to the regeneration of the damaged tissues , and the present paper aims to introduce MSC - DEs as a novel hope in cell - free therapy
The Effects of Hypoxia on U937 Cell Line in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Co-Culture System
Purpose: Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are the most important
members of Bone Marrow (BM) milieu. MSCs affect different kinds of cells,
particularly malignant cells of hematologic malignancies, but the effects of
MSCs are unclear exactly. Here we analyzed the effects of derived Umbilical
Cord Blood-MSCs on proliferation, cell death and some surface markers of U937
cell line in a Co-culture system with MSCs.
Methods: Here we designed Co-culture systems as a model of BM
milieu. We cultured U937 cells on UCB-MSCs and MSCs Conditioned Medium (C.M)
driven and then treated U937 cells with optimum concentration of chloride
cobalt (CoCl2) as a hypoxia-mimetic agent. In addition, we applied
suitable concentrations of H2O2 to induce cell death.
Proliferation rate, cell death rate and some surface markers of hypoxic U937
cells were analyzed by MTT assay, flow cytometry and Real Time-PCR were flown
respectively.
Results: UCB-MSCs showed supportive effects on U937
proliferation rate in normoxia and hypoxia. Lethal effect of H2O2
suppressed in the presence of UCB-MSCs in hypoxia and normoxia. Among
CD11a, CD14, CD49d, CD54 and CD116 markers, CD49d was down regulated in
presence of UCB-MSCs and CD116 was up regulated in hypoxia. Other markers
didn’t show any significant changes.
Conclusion: This work provides evidences that MSCs play critical
roles in U937 cells biology. These observations shed new light on MSCs roles
and demonstrated that MSCs should be regarded as an important member of BM
milieu in several clinical applications such as BM transplantation prognosis
and treatment of hematologic malignancies
The Impact of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Differentiation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Bone marrow microenvironment contains cellular and
acellular compartments. The cellular compartment includes hematopoietic stem
cells, mesenchymal stem cells and some other stromal cell types, while the
acellular compartment is composed of scaffold proteins known as the extra
cellular matrix. Direct cell-cell contact as well as cytokines secreted by
mesenchymal stem cells during coculture of hematopoietic stem cells and
mesenchymal stem cells play a critical role in hematopoiesis, and determines
the fate of hematopoietic stem cells. Several studies have demonstrated the
impact of mesenchymal stem cells on self-renewal, expansion, proliferation and differentiation
of hematopoietic stem cells in vitro, which have shown different and
contradictory results. In this paper, we will investigate the effect of
mesenchymal stem cells on differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells in vitro
Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived secretome-based therapy for neurodegenerative diseases: overview of clinical trials
Abstract Background Over the past few years, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have attracted a great deal of scientific attention owing to their promising results in the treatment of incurable diseases. However, there are several concerns about their possible side effects after direct cell transplantation, including host immune response, time-consuming cell culture procedures, and the dependence of cell quality on the donor, which limit the application of MSCs in clinical trials. On the other hand, it is well accepted that the beneficial effects of MSCs are mediated by secretome rather than cell replacement. MSC secretome refers to a variety of bioactive molecules involved in different biological processes, specifically neuro-regeneration. Main body Due to the limited ability of the central nervous system to compensate for neuronal loss and relieve disease progress, mesenchymal stem cell products may be used as a potential cure for central nervous system disorders. In the present study, the therapeutic effects of MSC secretome were reviewed and discussed the possible mechanisms in the three most prevalent central nervous system disorders, namely Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. The current work aimed to help discover new medicine for the mentioned complications. Conclusion The use of MSC-derived secretomes in the treatment of the mentioned diseases has encouraging results, so it can be considered as a treatment option for which no treatment has been introduced so far
The Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Hematopoietic Stem Cells Fate
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent stem cells, with self-renewal ability as well as ability to generate all blood cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells, with self-renewal ability, and capable of differentiating into a variety of cell types. MSCs have supporting effects on hematopoiesis; through direct intercellular communications as well as secreting cytokines, chemokines, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Recent investigations demonstrated that some biological functions and effects of MSCs are mediated by their EVs. MSC-EVs are the cell membrane and endosomal membrane compartments, which are important mediators in the intercellular communications. MSC-EVs contain some of the molecules such as proteins, mRNA, siRNA, and miRNA from their parental cells. MSC-EVs are able to inhibit tumor, repair damaged tissue, and modulate immune system responses. MSC-EVs compared to their parental cells, may have the specific safety advantages such as the lower potential to trigger immune system responses and limited side effects. Recently some studies demonstrated the effect of MSC-EVs on the expansion, differentiation, and clinical applications of HSCs such as improvement of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and inhibition of graft versus host disease (GVHD). HSCT may be the only therapeutic choice for patients who suffer from malignant and non-malignant hematological disorders. However, there are several severe side effects such GVHD that restricts the successfulness of HSCT. In this review, we will discuss the most important effects of MSCs and MSC-EVs on the improvement of HSCT, inhibition and treatment of GVHD, as well as, on the expansion of HSCs