Accumulation and persistance of fecal pollution in the coastal area of Rovinj

Fekalno onečišćenje važan je ekološki problem priobalnih područja koji utječe na ekosustav i ugrožava ljudsko zdravlje. Akumulacija i postojanost fekalnoga onečišćenja istraženi su u vodenom stupcu i sedimentu tri rovinjske uvale izložene različitim vrstama i količinama otpadnih voda. Razina fekalnog onečišćenja kvantificirana je pomoću bakterijskih indikatora i fekalnih sterola. Raspodjela otpadnih voda oko glavnog kanalizacijskog ispusta u uvali Cuvi ovisila je o udaljenosti od ispusta, volumenu ispuštenih voda, trenutnom strujanju i prisutnosti termokline. Bakterijski indikatori i fekalni steroli bili su značajno korelirani iako se njihov odnos mijenjao sezonski. Fekalna kontaminacija je registrirana u radiusu od 300 m oko ispusta. Sezonske promjene brojnosti heterotrofnih bakterija i produkcije bile su vrlo slične kao i na neonečišćenom području, uz blago povećanje brojnosti i brzine dijeljenja na ispustu. U uvali Valdibora izloženoj utjecaju ispusta tvornice za preradu ribe, unatoč deset puta manjem volumenu u odnosu na ispust u uvali Cuvi razine onečišćenja bile su usporedive. Brojnost heterotrofnih bakterija je bila najveća oko industrijskog ispusta, dok je brzina dijeljenja bakterijskih stanica bila izrazito niska. Granulometrijski sastav površinskih sedimenata (0-5 cm) bio je izmijenjen u odnosu na dublje sedimente (5-10 cm) u krugu od 300 m oko glavnog kanalizacijskog ispusta. U blizini ispusta koprostanol je najvećim dijelom bio vezan za frakciju vrlo sitnog pijeska. Otpadne vode iz tvornice za preradu ribe stvorile su izražene anoksične uvjete u sedimentu koji su pogodovali dijagenetskom procesu nastanka koprostanola. U sedimentima južne luke, izloženim ispuštanju sa brodova i jahti razina fekalnog onečišćenja je bila niska.Fecal contamination represents an important problem for coastal areas that affects the ecosystem and poses a threat to human health. The accumulation and persistence of fecal pollution was analyzed in the sediments and waters along the coast of Rovinj from 3 bays exposed to different types and amounts of sewage effluents. The level of sewage contamination was quantified using fecal indicator bacteria and fecal sterols. The distribution of waste waters around the main sewage outfall in Cuvi bay depended on the distance from the outfall, the volume discharged, the momentary currents and the presence of the thermocline. Fecal indicator bacteria and sterols were strongly correlated but their relation changed from season to season. Fecal contamination was detected in a radius of 300 m from the outfall. Seasonal changes of the abundance and production of heterotrophic bacteria were very similar in the contaminated and uncontaminated areas with a limited increase in the abundance and production close to the outfall. In the bay of Valdibora, influenced by a fish cannery effluent around 10 times smaller than the outfall in Cuvi bay the levels of contamination were comparable. The abundance of heterotrophic bacteria was the largest around the industrial outfall, while the specific rate of replication was very low. The grainsize composition of surface sediment (0-5cm) was altered in comparison to the less contaminated deeper sediment (5-10 cm) in a radius of 300 m around the main sewage outfall. At the sewage disposal site, coprostanol was predominantly associated with very fine sand. The fish cannery effluent, created highly anoxic conditions in the sediment that favored the diagenetic formation of coprostanol. The sediments from the southern harbor, exposed only to boat and yacht effluents displayed very low levels of fecal contamination

Promjene sastava masnih kiselina u algi Fucus virsoides J. Agardh na različitim podlogama

The effect of the substratum type (natural, limestone, or artificial, concrete) on the fatty acid composition of Fucus virsoides in six habitats around the harbours and beaches of the Istrian coast (northern Adriatic Sea) was investigated during the summer, the period of maximum development. All habitats of F. virsoides were regulated by very similar environmental factors and were exposed to moderate anthropogenic influences. F. virsoides growing on artificial substrata was characterised by lower concentrations of fatty acids, lower proportions of fatty acids among total lipids, higher C16:0/18:1 ratios (FA: 6.7±0.6 mg g-1 d.w.; FA/TL: 22%; 16:0/18:1: 0.57±0.08) and an overall increase in saturation in comparison to communities growing on natural substrata (FA: 10.2±2.9–12.5±3.4 mg g-1 d.w.; FA/TL: 30.8–33.7%; 16:0/18:1: 0.34±0.11–0.45±0.13). These results likely reflect the less favourable conditions for F. virsoides development on artificial substrates relative to natural substrates. The physiological processes of the algae growing on artificial substrata were more impaired with increasing age (FA: 1.9±0.6 mg g-1d.w.; FA/TL: 18.2%; 16:0/18:1: 0.68±0.08).U proljeće tijekom maksimuma vegetacijskog razvoja smeđe alge Fucus virsoides istražen je učinak podloge (prirodna, vapnenac ili umjetna, beton) na sastav masnih kiselina u algi. Uzorkovano je na šest staništa, uključujući luke i plaže, duž istarske obale (sjeverni Jadran). Sva staništa su bila pod utjecajem vrlo sličnih okolišnih čimbenika, i izložena umjerenom antropogenom utjecaju. Za vrstu F. virsoides na umjetnoj podlozi karakteristična je niža koncentracija masnih kiselina (MK), njihov niži udio u ukupnim lipidima (UL), povišeni C16:0/18:1 omjeri (MK: 6.7±0.6 mg g -1 s.t.; MK/UL: 22%; 16:0/18:1: 0.57±0.08) te veća zasićenost u usporedbi sa zajednicama na prirodnoj podlozi (MK: 10.2±2.9–12.5±3.4 mg g-1s.t.; MK/UL: 30.8–33.7%; 16:0/18:1: 0.34±0.11–0.45±0.13). Dobiveni rezultati odražavaju nepovoljne uvjete za rast i razvoj vrste F. virsoidesna umjetnoj podlozi u odnosu na prirodnu. Na umjetnoj podlozi je utvrđeno lošije fiziološko stanje u starijim primjercima alge (MK: 1.9±0.6 mg g-1 s.t.; MK/UL: 18.2%; 16:0/18:1: 0.68±0.08)

LANDSLIDES AND POCKFORMS OF SOUTHERN SARDINIAN MARGIN

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CONTINENTAL SHELF AND SLOPE GEOMORPHOLOGY: MARINE SLUMPING INDUCED BY HYPERPYCNAL FLOWS (SARDINIAN SOUTHERN CONTINENTAL MARGIN)

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HABITAT MAPPING AND PALAEO-SEALEVELS OF THE LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM COASTLINE ON THE SAN PIETRO CONTINENTAL SHELF (SW SARDINIA)

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