Dermatologische Radiotherapie

Zusammenfassung: Die dermatologische Radiotherapie basiert im Wesentlichen auf den üblichen physikalischen und strahlenbiologischen Grundlagen. Bezüglich der Strahlenqualität wird sehr oft der Bereich 10-50kV eingesetzt. Als Faustregel hat sich in der Dermatologie die Gewebehalbwerttiefe eingebürgert, d.h., diese sollte der Eindringtiefe des Tumors entsprechen. Somit besteht nicht die Gefahr einer Überbestrahlung der Hauterkrankung. Innerhalb der bösartigen Hauttumoren stellen die ausgedehnte aktinische Keratose, die Lentigo maligna, das Lentigo-maligna-Melanom, das Merkel-Zell-Karzinom, das Kaposi-Sarkom sowie die kutanen T-Zell- und evtl. B-Zell-Lymphome neben Basaliomen und Spinaliomen die wichtigsten Indikationen dar. Wichtig ist auch eine lebenslange Nachkontrolle nach Bestrahlung bösartiger Hauttumoren. An dermatologischen gutartigen Erkrankungen werden v.a. chronische Ekzeme, Psoriasis und Keloide behandelt. Hier sind ebenfalls einige Grundregeln vor der Bestrahlung zu beachte

Lupus-like syndrome associated with statin therapy.

Statins are among the most widely prescribed drugs. An increasing number of lupus-like syndrome has recently been reported with these lipid-lowering agents. We describe a new case associated with simvastatin therapy. The presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies in the serum is for the first time reported confirming that statins may also induce a systemic autoimmune reaction. Statin-induced lupus-like syndrome is characterized by the long delay between the beginning of therapy and the skin eruption. Antinuclear antibodies may persist for many months after drug discontinuation. The causal relationship may be therefore difficult to establish, and probably many cases are unrecognized. Early diagnosis may avoid unnecessary immunosuppressive therapy

Prévention du mélanome en Suisse: où en sommes-nous [Melanoma prevention in Switzerland: where do we stand?]

Over the last 50 years, skin cancer rates (particularly melanoma) have markedly increased in Caucasian populations. Switzerland, with some 1,600 cases of, and 220 deaths from, malignant melanoma per year has among the highest rates in Europe. This public health issue, affecting relatively young people, has led to primary and secondary nationwide prevention campaigns being carried out for nearly 20 years. Observed changes in sun protection knowledge and attitudes have yet to impact on incidence trend. Early detection has resulted in a large increase in rates of thin melanoma with little change in rates of thick melanoma. Mortality has levelled off and a recent decrease, especially in women, cannot be ruled out. The efficiency of prevention campaigns should soon become more blatant if current efforts persist

Epidémiologie des cancers épithéliaux de la peau [Epidemiology of epithelial skin cancers]

With no less than 15,000 estimated new cases diagnosed per year, non melanomatous carcinomas are the commonest cutaneous cancers in the Swiss population. About 1 in 3 new cancer case is a basal (BCC) or a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Incidence rates are steadily increasing, faster for BCC than SCC. Rates are higher for men than women and increase exponentially with age. Systematic population-based registration of non melanomatous skin cancers faces many challenges that few cancer registries can meet. Rates of these cancers in Switzerland are among the highest in Europe. Primary and secondary nationwide prevention campaigns have been carried out for nearly 20 years with a focus on the deadliest cutaneous cancer: melanoma. However, detection of non melanomatous skin cancers benefits from these campaigns since prevention messages and means of early detection are similar for melanomas and other skin cancers