A study on prevalence of dry eye among postmenopausal women attending ophthalmology OPD

Purpose: Having insufficient lubrication and moisture on the surface of the eye causes dry eye syndrome. Burning, itchy, weary, red, gritty, and dry eyes are all signs of dry eye syndrome. There are other symptoms such as blurred vision and fatigued eyes. The study's goals and objectives were to find out how common dry eye syndrome is in post-menopausal women at a tertiary care facility in Vijaypura and to analyze sociodemographic characteristics that may be associated with the condition in the group under study. Aims and objectives were to determine the prevalence of dry eye syndrome among post-menopausal women at tertiary care center, Vijaypura and to assess the socio demographic factors related to dry eye syndrome among study population. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted from June 2021 to November 2021 among postmenopausal women attending ophthalmology OPD, 120 patients were evaluated. Patients data was recorded and OSDI scoring was done, visual acuity testing and anterior segment evaluation was done with slit lamp biomicroscopy. Dry eye evaluation was done with schirmers and TBUT testing was done. Results: Prevalence of dry eye among post menopausal women was 47.5%. The prevalence of dry eye was 75% in age group more than 70yrs and 25% in age group (50-55yrs). The schimers test showed majority 29.166% had mild dry eye, 18.33% had moderate dry eye. The prevalence of dry eye with outdoor occupation was 66.66% compared to indoor (33%). Prevalence of dry eye with symptoms was 87.5% and prevalence of dry eye without symptoms was 25%. Conclusion: There is high prevalence of dry eye in postmenopausal women. Patients without symptoms have subclinical dry eye. Patients with outdoor occupation have higher prevalence. It would be advisable to screen all postmenopausal women for dry eye using simple tests. Hence treatment should be initiated early. Schirmers test revealed most patients had mild to moderate dry eye

A study of preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative complications of pseudoexfoliation syndrome in Indian eyes undergoing cataract surgery

Objectives: To study the clinical profile and complications encountered in the management of cataract patients with pseudo exfoliation syndrome (PXF). Method: A cross sectional hospital based study was done on 50 eyes of 50 patients in a tertiary care, Bijapur from January 2022 to May 2022. All these patients were above fifty and were diagnosed as cataract associated with PXF. Patients with previous history of trauma and ocular surgery, true exfoliation and patients with systemic comorbidities like uncontrolled DM, CVD, stroke, etc were excluded from the study. All patients underwent manual SICS with intraocular lens implantation. Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative complications were studied. Patients were reviewed upto 6 weeks post-op. Results: A total of 50 eyes of 50 patients diagnosed as cataract with pseudo exfoliation underwent small incision cataract surgery. Preoperatively 6(12%) cases had zonular weakness, 1(2%) case had glaucoma and 8(16%) cases had insufficient mydriasis. Intraoperatively-5(10%) cases had zonular dialysis,3(6%) cases had Posterior capsular rent, 4(8%) had vitreous loss and 2(4%) sphincterotomies. Postoperatively-6(12%) cases had pupillary fibrin membrane, 2(4%) cases of iritis. Conclusion: Cataract surgery in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome has higher incidence of preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative complications. Insufficient mydriasis being the most common preoperative complication, zonular dialysis the most common intraoperative and pupillary fibrin membrane the most common post operative complication. A complete preoperative workup helps reduce intraoperative complications and maximizes the postoperative results

A clinical comparative study of Chedana Paschat Arka Pratisaraeeiya Kshara & Agnikarma in the management of Kadara (Corn)

Sushruta Samhita is the earliest known authentic treatise on Ayurveda. In Vedic period also there is a description of Agnikarma and Ksharakarma. In Shalya Tantra common procedure are Agnikarma, Ksharakarma and Jalokavacharna etc. Kadara is one among Kshudra Roga is claimed to be effectively dealt with Agnikarma and Ksharakarma. This is intended to offer instant relief to the patient to evolve a simple and economic management and to evaluate whether the relapse can be prevented with Agnikarma and Ksharakarma.The studies conducted with 40 patients were selected, made into 2 groups of 20 each patients. Group A patients were treated with surgical excision followed by Arka Pratisaraneeya Ksharakarma and Group B patients were treated with surgical excision followed by Agnikarma. Arka Kshara is prepared and applied after excision of lesion, keeping for 100 Shatamatrakala (100 sec), treated with Nimbuka Swarasa. With all aseptic measures the lesion is excised and then Agnikarma using Lohashalaka, Madhu and Sarpi is applied and bandaged. Both procedures are in single sitting, dressing for alternate day and every 15 days follow up till 45 days. After the completion of clinical trial, it was found that Agnikarma procedure there was highly significant results in reducing pain, discomfort, bleeding infections and healing period. Where as in KsharaKarma there is also significant result in reducing pain, discomfort but statically considering average mean Kshara Karma shows comparatively lesser effective than Agnikarma. By the statistical results it can be concluded that Agnikarma has better result when compared to Kshara Karma in the present study

A comparative clinical study on Tagara-Devadaru Lepa with and without Prachhanna in the management of Indralupta with special reference to Alopecia Areata

Hair disorders causes negative impact towards individual and his/her quality of life. Indralupta is a disease in which hair is lost from some or all areas of the body, usually from scalp. It shows one or more round spot on the scalp . It arises from the vitiation of Tridosha and Rakta. Treatment advised is Siravedhana and topical application of herbal and mineral drugs. To avoid complications of Siravedhana, inthis study Prachhanna was preffered and Tagara-Devadaru chosen as drug for topical application at the site of Indralupta. In this study we had taken 40 Diagnosed patients of Indraluptaand were subjected to clinical trials. They were randomly assigned into two Groups namely Group A and Group B. Group A treated with Tagara-Devadaru Lepa, while subject under Group B treated by Prachhanna along with Tagara-Devadaru Lepa. The treatment modalities of TagaraDevadaru Lepa and Prachhanna with Tagara-Devadaru Lepa are equally efficacious in treating.On comparing the results of Group A and Group B, the conclusion were drawn.Both the methods of treatment are cost effective, easy to prepare and had no adverse effects