KF-Loc: A Kalman Filter and Machine Learning Integrated Localization System Using Consumer-Grade Millimeter-wave Hardware

With the ever-increasing demands of e-commerce, the need for smarter warehousing is increasing exponentially. Such warehouses requires industry automation beyond Industry 4.0. In this work, we use consumer-grade millimeter-wave (mmWave) equipment to enable fast, and low-cost implementation of our localization system. However, the consumer-grade mmWave routers suffer from coarse-grained channel state information due to cost-effective antenna array design limiting the accuracy of localization systems. To address these challenges, we present a Machine Learning (ML) and Kalman Filter (KF) integrated localization system (KF-Loc). The ML model learns the complex wireless features for predicting the static position of the robot. When in dynamic motion, the static ML estimates suffer from position mispredictions, resulting in loss of accuracy. To overcome the loss in accuracy, we design and integrate a KF that learns the dynamics of the robot motion to provide highly accurate tracking. Our system achieves centimeter-level accuracy for the two aisles with RMSE of 0.35m and 0.37m, respectively. Further, compared with ML only localization systems, we achieve a significant reduction in RMSE by 28.5% and 54.3% within the two aisles

SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 Delta variant replication and immune evasion

Abstract: The B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in the state of Maharashtra in late 2020 and spread throughout India, outcompeting pre-existing lineages including B.1.617.1 (Kappa) and B.1.1.7 (Alpha)1. In vitro, B.1.617.2 is sixfold less sensitive to serum neutralizing antibodies from recovered individuals, and eightfold less sensitive to vaccine-elicited antibodies, compared with wild-type Wuhan-1 bearing D614G. Serum neutralizing titres against B.1.617.2 were lower in ChAdOx1 vaccinees than in BNT162b2 vaccinees. B.1.617.2 spike pseudotyped viruses exhibited compromised sensitivity to monoclonal antibodies to the receptor-binding domain and the amino-terminal domain. B.1.617.2 demonstrated higher replication efficiency than B.1.1.7 in both airway organoid and human airway epithelial systems, associated with B.1.617.2 spike being in a predominantly cleaved state compared with B.1.1.7 spike. The B.1.617.2 spike protein was able to mediate highly efficient syncytium formation that was less sensitive to inhibition by neutralizing antibody, compared with that of wild-type spike. We also observed that B.1.617.2 had higher replication and spike-mediated entry than B.1.617.1, potentially explaining the B.1.617.2 dominance. In an analysis of more than 130 SARS-CoV-2-infected health care workers across three centres in India during a period of mixed lineage circulation, we observed reduced ChAdOx1 vaccine effectiveness against B.1.617.2 relative to non-B.1.617.2, with the caveat of possible residual confounding. Compromised vaccine efficacy against the highly fit and immune-evasive B.1.617.2 Delta variant warrants continued infection control measures in the post-vaccination era

Cyber-physical management for heterogeneously integrated 3D thousand-core on-chip microprocessor

Though 3D TSV/TSI technology provides the promising platform for heterogeneous system integration with design drivers ranged from thousand-core microprocessor to millimeter-cubic sensor, the fundamental challenge is lack of light to deal with significantly increased design complexity. From device level, new state of variables from different physical domains such as MEMS, microfluidic and NVM devices have to be identified and described together with conventional states from CMOS VLSI; and from system level, cyber management of states of voltage-level and temperature has to be maintained under a real-time demand response fashion. Moreover, a cyber-physical link is required to compress and virtualize device level state details during system level state control. This paper shows device-level 3D integration by example of MEMS and CMOS VLSI. In addition, a cyber-physical thermal management for 3D integrated many-core microprocessors is discussed.Accepted versio

Peak power reduction and workload balancing by space-time multiplexing based demand-supply matching for 3D thousand-core microprocessor

Space-time multiplexing is utilized for demand-supply matching between many-core microprocessors and power converters. Adaptive clustering is developed to classify cores by similar power level in space and similar power behavior in time. In each power management cycle, minimum number of power converters are allocated for space-time multiplexed matching, which is physically enabled by 3D through-silicon-vias. Moreover, demand-response based task adjustment is applied to reduce peak power and to balance workload. The proposed power management system is verified by system models with physical design parameters and benched power traces, which show 38.10% peak power reduction and 2.60x balanced workload.Accepted versio

Evaluation of arjunolic acid against Brucella melitenis and in vitro cytotoxic study of lung adenocarcinomic cell line (A549)

510-513Brucellosis, a neglected tropical disease of zoonotic nature, is caused by the genus Brucella, specifically by Brucella abortus and B. melitensis in cattle and humans, respectively. Arjunolic acid (AA) is a triterpenoid, isolated from Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn., a medicinally important plant, used to treat various diseases in the Indian system of medicine. Here, we tried to evaluate AA for its antibacterial activity against Brucella and the in vitro cytotoxicity assay on human lung adenocarcinomic alveolar basal epithelial cell line (A549). Also, we assessed the synergistic effect of arjunolic acid and aquatic extract of Tarenna asiatica (L.) Kuntze ex K.Schum. (syn. Chomelia asiatica) leaves against B. melitensis. AA displayed a considerable antibacterial activity [zone of inhibition (9 mm) with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 30 μg/mL] against B. melitensis. The rate of cell death for the cancer cells was 82% at 100 μg/mL concentration of AA which indicates significant membrane disruption by AA in cancer cells. The estimated IC50 of AA against the A549 cell line was 139.90 μg/mL. The highest synergistic activity was exhibited by combination of arjunolic acid and AqE of T. asiatica at the concentration of 1:1, respectively forming a zone of inhibition measuring 10 mm

An energy-efficient 2.5D through-silicon interposer I/O with self-adaptive adjustment of output-voltage swing

A self-adaptive output swing adjustment is introduced for the design of energy-efficient 2.5D through-silicon interposer (TSI) I/Os. Instead of transmitting signal with large voltage swing, Q-learning based self-adaptive adjustment is deployed to adjust I/O output-voltage swing under constraints of both power budget and bit error rate (BER). Experimental results show that the adaptive 2.5D TSI I/Os designed in 65nm CMOS can achieve an average of 13mW I/O power, 4GHz bandwidth and 3.25pJ/bit energy efficiency for one channel under 10−6 BER, which has 21.42%reduction of power and 14.47% energy efficiency improvement.Accepted versio

Evaluation of arjunolic acid against Brucella melitenis and in vitro cytotoxic studyof lung adenocarcinomic cell line (A549)

Brucellosis, a neglected tropical disease of zoonotic nature, is caused by the genus Brucella, specifically by Brucellaabortus and B. melitensis in cattle and humans, respectively. Arjunolic acid (AA) is a triterpenoid, isolated from Terminaliaarjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn., a medicinally important plant used to treat various diseases in the Indian system of medicine.Here, we tried to evaluate AA for its antibacterial activity on Brucella and the in vitro cytotoxicity assay on human lungadenocarcinomic alveolar basal epithelial cell line (A549). Also, we assessed the synergistic effect of arjunolic acid andTarenna asiatica (L.) Kuntze ex K.Schum. on B. melitensis. AA displayed a considerable antibacterial activity [zone ofinhibition (9 mm) with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 30 μg/mL] against B. melitensis. The rate of cell death for thecancer cells were at 100 μg/mL concentration of AA was 82% which indicates that AA shows significant membranedisruption to cancer cells. The estimated IC50 of AA against the A549 cell line was 139.90 μg/mL. The highest synergisticactivity was exhibited forming a zone of inhibition measuring 10mm when arjunolic acid and AqE of T. asiatica was addedin the concentration of 1:1, respectively