Direct wind slim quadrupoles for an LHC upgrade

Slim quadrupoles, located inside ATLAS and CMS, have recently been discussed as a new option for an upgrade to the LHC luminosity. Locations inside the experiments where such magnets might be located have been identified. This paper outlines how such magnets could be made using the “direct wind” technology at BNL

Field quality in the twin aperture D2 dipoles for LHC under asymmetric excitation

Twin aperture D2 magnets are one of the several types of dipoles to be built by BNL for the interaction regions of LHC. To minimize the number of dipole correctors required in the interaction regions, D2 will also be used as part of the steering system. Consequently, the operating fields in the two apertures may differ by up to ~10at 7 TeV operation and ~33at injection in order to compensate for the strengths of the correctors that would otherwise be required. Such asymmetric excitation of the two apertures may induce undesirable field harmonics. The saturation behavior of various harmonics is studied using POISSON and OPERA-2D. It is shown that the changes in harmonics resulting from the anticipated asymmetry are within tolerable limits. (2 refs)

Exotic Magnets for Accelerators.

Over the last few years, several novel magnet designs have been introduced to meet the requirements of new, high performance accelerators and beam lines. For example, the FAIR project at GSI requires superconducting magnets ramped at high rates ({approx} 4 T/s) in order to achieve the design intensity. Magnets for the RIA and FAIR projects and for the next generation of LHC interaction regions will need to withstand high doses of radiation. Helical magnets are required to maintain and control the polarization of high energy protons at RHIC. In other cases, novel magnets have been designed in response to limited budgets and space. For example, it is planned to use combined function superconducting magnets for the 50 GeV proton transport line at J-PARC to satisfy both budget and performance requirements. Novel coil winding methods have been developed for short, large aperture magnets such as those used in the insertion region upgrade at BEPC. This paper will highlight the novel features of these exotic magnets

Cored Rutherford cables for the GSI fast ramping synchrotron

The new heavy ion synchrotron facility proposed by GSI will have two superconducting magnet rings in the same tunnel, with rigidities of 200 T/spl middot/m and 100 T/spl middot/m. Fast ramp times are needed, which can cause significant problems for the magnets, particularly in the areas of ac loss and field distortion. This paper discusses the 200 T/spl middot/m ring, which will use Cos/spl theta/ magnets based on the RHIC dipole design. We discuss the reasons for choosing Rutherford cable with a resistive core and report loss measurements carried out on cable samples. These measurements are compared with theoretical calculations using measured values of inter-strand resistance. Reasonably good agreement is found, but there are indications of nonuniformity in the adjacent resistance R/sub a/. Using these measured parameters, losses and temperature rise are calculated for a RHIC dipole in the operating cycle of the accelerator. A novel insulation scheme designed to promote efficient cooling is described

A Review Evaluating Intravascular Access for High Volume Resuscitation: Can You Keep Up?

Anesthetists and anesthesiologists are frequently in the unique position of administering high-volume resuscitation in the setting of hemorrhage, hypovolemia, or vasodilatory shock.  The ability to rapidly infuse intravenous (IV) fluid solutions differs vastly for different types and sizes of IV access. In patients that may require rapid large volume resuscitation, it is critical to understand the capacity of existing IV devices.  Selecting the most appropriate IV access for patients can be paramount in preventing hypotension, end organ dysfunction, and even death. This article objectively reviews and compares the flow rates of commonly used central and peripheral intravenous devices to demonstrate the influence of catheter length and radius.   &nbsp

Inflammasome and IL-1β-Mediated Disorders

The NLRP3 inflammasome is an intracellular complex that regulates the release of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β in response to exogenous pathogens and endogenous danger signals. Evidence from studies involving human genetics, human ex vivo mononuclear cell responses, and in vivo and in vitro murine models confirms the importance of the inflammasome and interleukin-1β in the pathogenesis of several inherited and complex diseases. The availability of several effective interleukin-1β targeted therapies has allowed for successful proof-of-concept studies in several of these disorders. However, many other diseases are likely to be mediated by the inflammasome and interleukin-1β, providing additional targets in the future

Insertion Magnets

Chapter 3 in High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) : Preliminary Design Report. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the largest scientific instruments ever built. Since opening up a new energy frontier for exploration in 2010, it has gathered a global user community of about 7,000 scientists working in fundamental particle physics and the physics of hadronic matter at extreme temperature and density. To sustain and extend its discovery potential, the LHC will need a major upgrade in the 2020s. This will increase its luminosity (rate of collisions) by a factor of five beyond the original design value and the integrated luminosity (total collisions created) by a factor ten. The LHC is already a highly complex and exquisitely optimised machine so this upgrade must be carefully conceived and will require about ten years to implement. The new configuration, known as High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), will rely on a number of key innovations that push accelerator technology beyond its present limits. Among these are cutting-edge 11-12 tesla superconducting magnets, compact superconducting cavities for beam rotation with ultra-precise phase control, new technology and physical processes for beam collimation and 300 metre-long high-power superconducting links with negligible energy dissipation. The present document describes the technologies and components that will be used to realise the project and is intended to serve as the basis for the detailed engineering design of HL-LHC.Comment: 19 pages, Chapter 3 in High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) : Preliminary Design Repor

Solenoid spectrometer magnets

Three solenoid detectors are considered for Isabelle. They are characterized by their diameters of 3, 5, and 8 meters. The size of an experimental hall is then considered, taking into account the likely physics goals, detector and return yoke geometries, thickness of superconducting coils, necessary space for detector repair, etc. Comments and major conclusions are presented. (GHT