Three-tiered approach for standard information requirements for polymers requiring registration under REACH

Polymers are a very large class of chemicals comprising often complex molecules with multiple functions used in everyday products. The EU Commission is seeking to develop environmental and human health standard information requirements (SIRs) for man-made polymers requiring registration (PRR) under a revised Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) Regulation. Conventional risk assessment approaches currently used for small molecules may not apply to most polymers. Therefore, we propose a conceptual three-tiered regulatory approach for data generation to assess individual and groups of polymers requiring registration (PRR). A key element is the grouping of polymers according to chemistry, physico-chemical properties and hazard similarity. The limited bioavailability of many polymers is a prominent difference to many small molecules and is a key consideration of the proposed approach. Methods assessing potential for systemic bioavailability are integral to Tier 1. Decisions for further studies are based on considerations of properties and effects, combined with systemic bioavailability and use and exposure considerations. For many PRRs, Tier 1 data on hazard, use and exposure will likely be sufficient for achieving the protection goals of REACH. Vertebrate animal studies in Tiers 2 and 3 can be limited to targeted testing. The outlined approach aims to make use of current best scientific evidence and to reduce animal testing whilst providing data for an adequate level of protection

Оценка риска и расчет времени эвакуации и блокировки эвакуационных выходов МБОУ СОШ № 2 г. Юрги

Цель работы – оценка индивидуального пожарного риска в здании средней общеобразовательной школе №2 города Юрги на соответствие нормативным значениям. В работе проведен литературный обзор по вопросам состояния проблем обеспечения пожарной безопасности в образовательных учреждениях и оценки рисков. Рассчитаны время эвакуации, время блокирования эвакуационных выходов опасными факторами пожара и индивидуальный пожарный риск. Разработана декларация пожарной безопасности.The aim of the work is to assess the individual fire risk in the building of the secondary school №2 of the city of Yurga for compliance with normative values. A literature review on the state of problems of providing fire safety in educational institutions and risk assessment was conducted. Time of evacuation, time of blocking of evacuation exits by dangerous factors of a fire and individual fire risk are calculated. A declaration of fire safety was developed

a randomized, placebo-controlled phase II AIO trial with serum biomarker program

Background As a multi-targeted anti-angiogenic receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor sunitinib (SUN) has been established for renal cancer and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. In advanced refractory esophagogastric cancer patients, monotherapy with SUN was associated with good tolerability but limited tumor response. Methods This double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, phase II clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of SUN as an adjunct to second and third-line FOLFIRI (NCT01020630). Patients were randomized to receive 6-week cycles including FOLFIRI plus sodium folinate (Na-FOLFIRI) once every two weeks and SUN or placebo (PL) continuously for four weeks followed by a 2-week rest period. The primary study endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Preplanned serum analyses of VEGF-A, VEGF-D, VEGFR2 and SDF-1α were performed retrospectively. Results Overall, 91 patients were randomized, 45 in each group (one patient withdrew). The main grade ≥3 AEs were neutropenia and leucopenia, observed in 56 %/20 % and 27 %/16 % for FOLFIRI + SUN/FOLFIRI + PL, respectively. Median PFS was similar, 3.5 vs. 3.3 months (hazard ratio (HR) 1.11, 95 % CI 0.70–1.74, P = 0.66) for FOLFIRI + SUN vs. FOLFIRI + PL, respectively. For FOLFIRI + SUN, a trend towards longer median overall survival (OS) compared with placebo was observed (10.4 vs. 8.9 months, HR 0.82, 95 % CI 0.50–1.34, one-sided P = 0.21). In subgroup serum analyses, significant changes in VEGF-A (P = 0.017), VEGFR2 (P = 0.012) and VEGF-D (P < 0.001) serum levels were observed. Conclusions Although sunitinib combined with FOLFIRI did not improve PFS and response in chemotherapy-resistant gastric cancer, a trend towards better OS was observed. Further biomarker-driven studies with other anti- angiogenic RTK inhibitors are warranted. Trial registration This study was registered prospectively in the NCT Clinical Trials Registry (ClinicalTrials.gov) under NCT01020630 on November 23, 2009 after approval by the leading ethics committee of the Medical Association of Rhineland- Palatinate, Mainz, in coordination with the participating ethics committees (see Additional file 2) on September 16, 2009

Геохимические особенности антропогенных карбонатных отложений на территории Республики Башкортостан

Геохимические особенности антропогенных карбонатных отложений на территории Республики Башкортостан.Geochemical features of anthropogenic carbonate deposits on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Numerical simulation of heat transfer in a large room with a working gas infrared emitter

The article presents a new approach to determining the main characteristics of the thermal regime in the buildings and structures heated by the gas infrared emitters, based on the analysis of convective heat transfer in the air and thermal conductivity in the enclosing structures. The authors have considered a mathematical model of turbulent heat transfer in the framework of the standard k-e model under radiant heating conditions. The simulation was carried out for a large room with an approximation to the real operating conditions of an industrial facility. The options for heating an empty room and the room with an object were considered

За кадры. 1965. № 39 (1120)

Генератор проходит испытания / Р. ГорскаяВ группе 055-4 / В. КолотвиновКомсомольский рейд / О. Носков"Прошу принять в ряды ВЛКСМ" / У. ВикторовПод лучом "прожектора" / В. АверкинаТЭФовцы на практике / В. Е. БрагинВыше уровень воспитательной работы / А. АстафуровТри года аспирантуры / Г. ДельНаша почта 1965 / Л. ПетроваКомсомольская пятидневка. Хватит раскачкиИ вот подведены итоги / В. УгореловСлово - победителям пятидневки / Л. ЗеленковЭнтузиаст / Р. ЕловаяПопросту о великом / А. АлександровУ самого восхода / И. ПоповВозвращение / В. ПетровГолубой ручеек / В. ПетровСтепка-катализато