Formuler des «objectifs de confort»

Lors de l’admission à l’EMS, les soins palliatifs devraient être mis en place pour les personnes atteintes de démence dès l’apparition de la maladie. La formulation des «Comfort Goals» et l’élaboration de directives anticipées permettent aux personnes concernées de faire respecter leurs droits et de promouvoir leur dignité

Health and coping strategies of nursing home residents and their relatives during the COVID-19 pandemic ::A mixed-methods study protocol

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic hit older adults particularly hard, especially those living in nursing homes. The present study’s primary aim is to quantify the states of physical and mental health of nursing home residents and their relatives following the implementation of the exceptional confinement measures. The secondary aim is to explore the lived experiences of the stressors perceived by older adults and their relatives, as well as the support strategies implemented by health professionals and their results. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We chose a mixed-methods (quantitative/qualitative) study to best deliver a profound understanding of this phenomenon. Quantitative phase: participants are asked to complete several questionnaires. The study population includes all the nursing home residents in four French-speaking cantons of Switzerland (and their relatives) who are living through the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistics will be calculated for the scores of the General Health Questionnaire-12, Impact of Event Scale-6, Perceived Stress Scale, Brief Cope, Post-traumatic Growth Inventory, World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) and WHOQOL-OLD scales. Correlational analyses will be considered. Qualitative phase: data are collected from several sources (individual semi-structured interviews, focus groups, field notes). Interviews are planned with about 12 representatives of each group of participants (residents and relatives). Two focus groups made up of healthcare professionals will be constituted to explore the lived experiences of the stressors perceived by residents and relatives, the coping strategies those two groups implemented to deal with them. The interviews and focus groups will be subjected to a thematic contents analysis. Integrating the quantitative and qualitative data will take place jointly with data interpretation. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This project was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Canton of Vaud on 14 December 2020 (project ID: 2020-02397). The prior written informed consent of the study subjects is collected by a member of the research team before data collection. Study results will be disseminated via professional and peer-reviewed publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN12345167

Stressors, self-reported overall health, potential protective factors and the workplace well-being of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland: a longitudinal mixed-methods study protocol

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic was making a huge impact on Europe's healthcare systems in the spring of 2020, and most predictive models concurred that pandemic waves were in the offing. Most studies adopted a pathogenic approach to the subject; few used a salutogenic approach. These showed, however, that nurses can retain their health despite a pandemic by mobilising generalised resistance resources. Our study aims to understand how nurses working in Switzerland's hospitals protected their health and workplace well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic by investigating the moderating effects of the health resources they mobilised against the stressors inherent to the situation. The study aims to explore and describe the stressors and the resources nurses used to remain healthy during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD AND ANALYSIS: We will use a concurrent mixed-methods panel design with qualitative analyses ancillary to quantitative analyses. Quantitative data will be collected using electronic questionnaires at four time points over 2 years. Qualitative data will be collected using focus groups. Nurses from Switzerland's two main linguistic regions who had direct, indirect or no contact with patients with COVID-19 will be invited to participate. The a priori sample size will be at least 3631 participants at T0 and 1852 at T4. Longitudinal structural equation modelling and knowledge mapping will be used to analyse quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. The results derived from the two data types will then be compared and discussed using a side-by-side approach to determine whether they agree or disagree and how they complement each other to achieve our aims. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Nurses will receive an electronic informed consent form. The data collected will be stored on a secure server at the authors' institution. This research project was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Canton of Vaud (2020-02845)

Du soin pratiqué au quotidien au consensus d'experts : État de l'évidence sur les interventions infirmières et leur priorisation selon le profil clinique des personnes âgées hospitalisées pour des symptômes comportementaux et psychologiques de la démence

La description des différents profils d’atteintes somatiques, psychiatriques et socio-relationnelles des patients hospitalisés en psychogériatrie pour des symptômes comportementaux et psychologiques de la démence et les interventions infirmières associées sont très peu documentées. Les objectifs de cette étude visent la description des observations et des interventions prodiguées aux personnes âgées selon leur appartenance aux quatre profils cliniques du LPCI et l’obtention d’un consensus d’experts sur les interventions pertinentes par profil. Une analyse de contenu a été réalisée sur les notes infirmières informatisées de 40 patients. En combinant des phases de production individuelle et collective, la méthode TRIAGE a permis d’obtenir un consensus d’experts sur les interventions pertinentes. Les résultats montrent que les pratiques actuelles sont globalement semblables pour tous les patients alors que les experts jugent que les interventions requises devraient varier en fonction du profil. Par ailleurs, certains domaines restent peu investis, tels que le dépistage, l’évaluation et le traitement des troubles dépressifs ainsi que le maintien de l’autonomie fonctionnelle. Étant donné que la plupart des interventions ont été testées dans les milieux de long séjour, le développement d’études permettant de tester des interventions adaptées au milieu psychogériatrique aigu et l’implantation de pratiques basés sur les preuves sont nécessaires

The impact of protective measures against COVID-19 on the wellbeing of residents in nursing homes and their relatives ::a rapid review

During the COVID-19 pandemic and compared to other population groups, older people were at a heightened risk of developing lethal disease symptoms. Thus, many countries put in place protective measures to protect this “at-risk” population, especially in nursing homes, to limit the number of infections. These measures consisted mostly in the absence of social gatherings, the impossibility for relatives to enter the nursing homes, limitations in group activities, and the ban of group-eating. Although these measures were helpful to mitigate the spread of the disease, they also induced long periods of social isolation for the residents of nursing homes. This could have impacted the wellbeing and quality of life of residents and their relatives, with a possible impact on the overall health of residents. We designed this rapid review to investigate the literature on the impact of COVID-19 protective measures in nursing homes on the quality of life, wellbeing and physical health of residents and their relatives. Our results showed that most of the articles included in the review, either using qualitative or quantitative methods, evidenced a detrimental impact of protective measures on resident’s and their relatives’ wellbeing. We argue that, in the event of a new pandemic similar to the COVID-19, protective measures should also take into account their psychological impact, and not only their physical impact

How do nurses spend their time? ::a time and motion analysis of nursing activities in an internal medicine unit

Aim To describe the nature and duration of nursing activities and how much time registered nurses allocate to the different dimensions of their scope of practice in a Swiss university hospital internal medicine ward. Design A single-centre observational descriptive study. Method Using a time and motion study, two researchers shadowed healthcare workers (N = 21) during 46 complete work shifts in 2018. They recorded each activity observed in real time using a tablet computer with a pre-registered list of 42 activities classified into 13 dimensions. Results A total of 507.5 work hours were observed. Less than one third of registered nurses’ work time was spent with patients. They allocated the most time to the dimensions of ‘communication and care coordination’ and ‘care planning’, whereas ‘optimizing the quality and safety of care’, ‘integrating and supervising staff’ and ‘client education’ were allocated the least time. Conclusion This study provided a reliable description of nurses’ time use at work. It highlighted suboptimal use of the full scope of nursing practice. Impact Both work organization and culture should be reconsidered to promote better use of nursing skills. Practice optimization should focus on the following three main areas: (1) greater involvement of registered nurses in building relationships and directly caring for patients and their families; (2) better use of registered nurses’ skills in the activities required of their proper roles, including nursing clinical assessments and patient education and (3) more systematically updating registered nurses’ knowledge