Body mass index and bone mass in postmenopausal women: a dilemma in clinical practice

 ABSTRACTIntroduction: Low weight and obesity are risk factors for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women; however, the influence of its change on a therapeutic response to biophosphonates for the prevention of fractures has not been defined yet. Objective:To describe the association between the body mass index (BMI) and bone mass in postmenopausal women, as well as to identify changes in weight and BMI during the treatment with biophosphonates. Material and methods: Weight, height, and BMI was determined in 296 women who came consecutively to the Climateric and Osteoporosis Clinic (ClimOS) in Havana from 2009 to 2014 (n=103), and to the Department of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Jiménez Díaz Foundation, Madrid (n=193); also, bone mineral density in lumbar spine and hip was measured by DXA.  The influence of initial body weight and its temporal variation with the use of biophosphonates (BPS) was evaluated in 80 of them. Statistical analysis: standard statistical average for qualitative variables, frequencies for the qualitative variables, Student´s t-Tests, and X2 test for differences among them.  Pearson´s correlation to specify the influence of the initial weight and BMI, and their differences in the response to biophosphonates. Besides, p&lt;0,05 value was used for statistical significance. Results: Low weight was identified 4/296; more than half of them were overweight or obese. Women who were evaluated in ClimOs, presented a worse bone status on the hip. Neither association of body weight nor BMI was found on the response to treatment with (BPS). Conclusions: The influence of body weight on a new fracture was controversial; it is suggested to include ponderal variation as part of the treatment for osteoporosis.Keywords:  menopause, osteoporosis, body mass index, biophosphonates, body composition.</p

Índice de masa corporal y masa ósea en mujeres postmenopáusicas: dilema en la práctica clínica

Introduction: Low weight and obesity are risk factors for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women; however, the influence of its change on a therapeutic response to biophosphonates for the prevention of fractures has not been defined yet. Objective:To describe the association between the body mass index (BMI) and bone mass in postmenopausal women, as well as to identify changes in weight and BMI during the treatment with biophosphonates. Material and methods: Weight, height, and BMI was determined in 296 women who came consecutively to the Climateric and Osteoporosis Clinic (ClimOS) in Havana from 2009 to 2014 (n=103), and to the Department of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Jiménez Díaz Foundation, Madrid (n=193); also, bone mineral density in lumbar spine and hip was measured by DXA. The influence of initial body weight and its temporal variation with the use of biophosphonates (BPS) was evaluated in 80 of them. Statistical analysis: standard statistical average for qualitative variables, frequencies for the qualitative variables, Student´s t-Tests, and X2 test for differences among them. Pearson´s correlation to specify the influence of the initial weight and BMI, and their differences in the response to biophosphonates. Besides, p<0,05 value was used for statistical significance. Results: Low weight was identified 4/296; more than half of them were overweight or obese. Women who were evaluated in ClimOs, presented a worse bone status on the hip. Neither association of body weight nor BMI was found on the response to treatment with (BPS). Conclusions: The influence of body weight on a new fracture was controversial; it is suggested to include ponderal variation as part of the treatment for osteoporosis.Keywords: menopause, osteoporosis, body mass index, biophosphonates, body composition.Introducción: En mujeres postmenopáusicas el bajo peso y la obesidad son factores de riesgo para la Osteoporosis; sin embargo, está por definir la influencia de su cambio  en la respuesta terapéutica con bisfosfonatos para la prevención de la fractura.Objetivo: Describir asociación entre índice de masa corporal (IMC) y masa ósea en mujeres en post menopausia, así como identificar las variaciones en peso e IMC durante el tratamiento con bisfosfonatos. Material y Métodos: En 296 mujeres quienes entre 2009-2014 concurrieron consecutivamente a la Clínica de Climaterio y Osteoporosis  (ClimOS)  La Habana (n=103), y al Departamento de Enfermedades Metabólicas Óseas de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid (n=193) se determinó peso, talla, IMC, y mediante DXA la densidad mineral ósea en columna lumbar y cadera. En 80 de ellas se evaluó la influencia del peso corporal inicial y su variación temporal durante el uso de bisfosfonatos. Análisis estadístico: Promedio y desviación estándar para variables cuantitativas, frecuencias para las variables cualitativas y las  Pruebas T Students y X2 para diferencias entre  ellas. Correlación de Pearson para precisar influencia del peso inicial  y el IMC y su diferencia en la respuesta a los bisfosfonatos. Se utilizó valor p<0,05 para la significación estadística. Resultados: Bajo peso se identificó 4/296, más de la mitad presentaron sobrepeso/obesidad. Las mujeres evaluadas en la ClimOs presentaron peor estatus óseo en cadera. No se encontró asociación del peso corporal ni del IMC sobre la respuesta al tratamiento con BPS. Conclusiones: La influencia del peso corporal sobre una nueva fractura fue controversial, se sugiere incluir la variación ponderal como parte del tratamiento  para la osteoporosis.Palabras claves: Menopausia, osteoporosis, índice de masa corporal, bisfosfonatos, composición corporal