32 research outputs found
Dataset on radioactivity measurement of Beryllium mining field in Ifelodun and gold mining field in Moro, Kwara State, North-central Nigeria
This work contains dataset of measured activity concentra- tions of 40 K, 238 U, 232 Th and gamma doses at 1 m above the ground level over Beryllium and Gold mining fields in Ifelodun and Moro respectively, Kwara State, North-central Nigeria. A well calibrated Super-Spec (RS-125) gamma spec- trometer was used to carry out these measurements. Mea- surements were carried out manually in 72 randomly se- lected sample points. Statistical analyses of the data were explored to infer potential statistical relationships. The ob- tained dataset is presented for further assessment that can offer insights into the safety state of Ifelodu, Moro and their environs from radiation protection point of view. The data in this study could serve as a substantial baseline radiological data of the region for future monitoring and epidemiology research
Radiogenic Components of Limestone Samples Collected from Ewekoro SW Nigeria: Implications for Public Radiological Health Risks Assessment and Monitoring
AIM: This research presents the radiogenic components in thirteen limestone samples from a quarry site in Ewekoro, southwestern Nigeria.
METHODS: The distributions of natural radionuclides (238U, 232Th and 40K) in the limestone samples were determined by gamma spectroscopy using a well-type thallium-doped sodium iodide detector. Also, estimated associated radiological hazards are presented and compared with the standard threshold values.
RESULTS: The activity concentrations for 238U, 232Th and 40K radionuclides range 18.09 ± 3.43-239.50 ± 25.74 Bqkg-1, 8.33 ± 0.83 - 360.01 ± 21.33 Bqkg-1 and 11.28 ± 0.81-735.26 ± 0.95 Bqkg-1 respectively. The radium equivalent activity concentration in the samples ranges 58.857-758.832 Bqkg-1 with samples S3, S4 and S11 values higher than the threshold limit of 370 Bqkg-1. Estimated dose rate and annual effective dose rate (AEDE) from the samples have ranges 28.754-330.917 nGyh-1 and 35.26-405.84 μSvy−1 respectively greater than the standard limit of 59 nGyh-1 and 70 μSvy−1 respectively for all samples except S9. The estimated external and internal indices are ranging 0.16 – 2.05 and 0.21 – 2.68 respectively, greater than permissible unity in some limestone samples such as S3, S4, S8, S11 and S13. Excess lifetime cancer risk was also computed using a life expectancy of 54.5 years. The results of higher radiological parameters in the limestone samples revealed that the miners have a high probability of contracting induced cancer.
CONCLUSION: A regular check-up is recommended for the miners and staffs within the quarry site. Also, the residents within the environs should be relocated far away from the quarry site, as the particulates from the limestone rock blasting could contaminate the air in the study area
IMPROVEMENT ON INDOOR RADON ACCUMULATION RATE IN CST LABORATORIES AT COVENANT UNIVERSITY, OTA, NIGERIA
Radon is becoming one of the most extensively investigated human carcinogens.
Radon and its progeny in the air contribute to human exposure from natural radiation
sources. The present study analyzed the indoor radon concentration in air at several
laboratory spaces of CST building using RAD7 electronic radon detector. The
measured radon concentration ranged from 0 to 57.3 Bqm-3 for all study locations.
The obtained radon concentration results is well below the world set limit of 40 Bqm-
3 as recommended by International Commission on Radiological Protection. The
annual effective dose and annual effective dose expressed in terms of work level month
(WLM) ranged from 0.079 - 0.655 mSvy-1 and 0.0139 to 0.116 mSvy-1 respectively,
which are below the world limit of 1.15 mSvy-1 as recommended by United Nations
Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The correlation was obtained
for the mean indoor radon concentrations and mean indoor air relative humidity for
each study location with value range from 0.014 to 0.838. This reveals that there is a
relevant correlation and indoor relative humidity has high influence on indoor radon
concentration in most of the locations
Investigation into Customer Relation of Two Global Systems for Mobile Communication (GSM) Service Provider in Nigeria
The assessment of customer care response of TEL1 and TEL2 global systems for mobile
communication (GSM) service providers in Nigeria was done. Data were obtained from the customer
care Departments of these two mobile service providers in their head office in Lagos for six months
period. The data assessment result shows that the four service types: prepaid/postpaid, premium/HNI,
BB/3G-HIS, and call roaming had 445510, 328396, 45221, and 4127 number of calls respectively for
TEL 1 and 416935, 357810, 41968, and 2106 respectively for TEL 2, with prepaid/postpaid having the
highest values and call roaming service type had the least for both TEL 1 and TEL2. The number of calls
answered followed the same trend for both TEL1 and TEL2.It was observed that about 96% of the calls
offered by prepaid/postpaid customers, 95% of Premium/HNI, were answered for both TEL 1 and TEL 2.
About 93% of calls offered by BB/3G-HIS, and 95% of call roaming customers were answered for TEL1,
while it is 92% and 93% respectively for TEL2. It can be deducted that PREPAID/POSTPAID customers
enjoy highest customer service care in both telecommunication networks. Higher values of AHT(S) of
TEL 1 over TEL 2 imply that TEL 1 spends the more time with its subscribers when attending to a
complaint
A Numerical Simulation and Modeling of Poisson Equation for Solar Cell in 2 Dimensions
Solar energy is one of the primary sources of energy replacing fossil fuels due to its
abundance. Its versatility and environmental friendliness has made it one of the most promising
renewable sources of energy. Solar cells convert solar energy into Electrical Energy. The effort
to improve the efficiency of these cells and the reduction of their costs has been a major
concern for a long time. Modeling of various structures of solar cells provides an insight into
the physics involved in its operation and better understanding of the ways to improve their
efficiency. This work modeled Poisson Equation in 2D for an abrupt and linearly graded
charge densities system with arbitrary points in space. Linear approximation and differentials,
finite difference method, boundary conditions and MATLAB were used to obtain the solution.
This is the first step in developing a general purpose semiconductor device simulator that is
functional and modular in nature. It was observed that highest electric potential was obtained
where the point charge was placed for linearly graded and doping type changed over a small
distance compared to the extent of the depletion region for abrupt p-n junction. By solving
Poisson equation, voltage, electric field, electric charge density and density of free carriers
inside the solar cell can be known
Design and construction of remote patient monitoring device
Health care services are important part of the society, automating these services lessen
the burden on humans and eases the measuring/monitoring process. The construction of local
remote patient monitoring system (RPMS) was done using the Arduino Uno connected to the
global system for mobile (GSM) module SIM 800a, heart pulse sensor and body temperature
sensors. It worked with 5 V power supply and the output is read on the liquid crystal display
(LCD). The constructed device was tested by measuring the body temperature, heart pulse and
electrocardiogram (ECG). The testing was conducted on 5 willing students and the values
measured were within the normal body temperature between 36.1 to 37.2 oC. The device also
sent message to alert the doctor when the value went below the prescribed value. The response
time of the the device to send and receive short message service (SMS) is between 6 s to 13 s.
The RPMS worked as intended and when improved upon by neater coupling and packaging, it
will be a sellable low-cost product to the country locals as health care monitoring device
Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) method for the Determination of Elemental Constituent of Tropical Wood Matrices from Western Nigeria
The elemental composition analysis and its concentration levels in percentage were
done on several wood samples using Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) of Ion
Beam Analytical (IBA) methods. A total of twenty seven (15) tropical hardwoods from south
western Nigerian environment were analyzed and six (6) major elements (C, O, N, Na, S, Cl)
were identified. Carbon has the highest percentage constituents, ranging from 58.30% to
73.46%, in all the samples with sample 4 (Albizia gummifera) having the highest concentration
of carbon as 73.46% and sample 7 (Anadelphia afzeliana) having the least carbon quantity as
58.30%.Nitrogen N ranged from 1.21% - 7.76%, Oxygen O 17.96% - 34.83%, Sodium Na
0.36% - 1.08%, Chlorine Cl 0.11% - 0.46%, and Sulfur S 0.13% to 0.59%. C was above the
overall wood estimated constituent 50%, O below estimated value of 40%. Cl and S were
within estimated range as trace element percentage range. The variation in elemental
composition of wood used in the experiment shows that wood species have thesame elemental
compositional trend as some human tissues and could be harness for use as tissues equivalent
material for application in medical radiation dosimetry
Natural Radioactivity Concentration and Its Health Implication on Dwellers in Selected Locations of Ota
Elevated background ionizing radiation has its health effects on people who reside in such areas, this necessitate the need for constant monitoring. The activity concentrations of K40, Th-232 and U-238 were measured in three different selected study areas in Ota using RS230 gamma spectrometer. The highest activity concentrations for the three radionuclides were
recorded in the Industrial Estate. The mean dose rate recorded was 45.37 nGyh-1 , 37.12 nGyh-1 and 33.33 nGyh-1
for Industrial Estate, Obasanjo Estate and Atan respectively. The mean outdoor annual equivalent dose estimated was 0.056 mSvy-1 , 0.045 mSvy-1 and 0.041 mSvy-1 respectively for the three locations. The estimated excess lifetime cancer risk ranged from 0.14 x 10-3 – 0.277 x 10-3 for the study areas. The radiological variables estimated in this study were all within world average recommended limit. The study concluded that the locations considered in this work are safe for dwellers and that industrial activity has influence on the background radiation
Background Radiation Dose in Selected X-Ray Facilities in Southwest Nigeria
Radiation exposure monitoring is essential to ensure that dose limits are not
exceeded. The goal of this study is to assess the level of radiation exposure from radiography
facilities in the study environment in order to promote radiation safety. Digilert 200 was used
to determine the level of exposure in and around radiography facilities in five X-ray diagnostic
centres in southwest Nigeria. The mean background exposure in centres A, B, C, D and E were
0.137 μSv/h, 0.170 μSv/h, 0.164 μSv/h, 0.183 μSv/h and 0.148 μSv/h respectively. The
cumulative mean exposure in a year for centres A, B, C, D and E were 0.961 mSv/y, 1.193
mSv/y, 1.146 mSv/y, 1.281 mSv/y and 1.034 mSv/y respectively. The background radiation dose
from the exposure level in all the centres exceeded the recommended limit but for centre A.
High quality standard lead shielding and periodic radiation protection monitoring should be
employed in centres with high radiation exposure