150 research outputs found

    Une lecture du travail bénévole des chasseurs en termes de services

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    Nous proposons une lecture du travail bĂ©nĂ©vole des chasseurs en termes de services. Nous nous posons deux questions : quelles sont les activitĂ©s bĂ©nĂ©voles des chasseurs pratiquant la chasse de loisir ? Quel volume reprĂ©sentent-elles en regard d’indicateurs Ă©conomiques ? Pour rĂ©pondre Ă  ces questions, nous prĂ©sentons une mĂ©thode qui est testĂ©e sur cinq territoires situĂ©s en France. La majoritĂ© du bĂ©nĂ©volat est consacrĂ© Ă  la gestion de la faune sauvage, Ă  l’entretien de l’espace naturel et aux activitĂ©s socio-culturelles. Ainsi les chasseurs interviennent en prioritĂ© sur l’espace pour l’entretenir Ă  des fins cynĂ©gĂ©tiques. Enfin, nous prĂ©sentons une discussion sur la nature des bĂ©nĂ©ficiaires des services rendus par le travail bĂ©nĂ©vole des chasseurs.We examined services provided by the voluntary work of hunters. What are common voluntary activities of hunters, and what are the economic indicators of these activities? We propose a method tested in five territories in France. We found that the majority of the voluntary work is consisted of protecting wild fauna, maintaining the natural environment and providing sociocultural activities. We discuss the beneficiaries of these activities and conclude that volunteers are motivated to provide services in order to maintain good hunting conditions

    Ex-ante Policy Assessment of Agricultural, Environmental, and Rural Policies from an Institutional Perspective: The Procedure for Institutional Compatibility Assessment

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    Ex-ante impact assessment of agricultural, environmental, and rural policies has become an integral part of political decision making processes in the EU. While there is a large variety of agrienvironmental modelling tools available to analyse likely social, economic, and environmental impacts of these policies, scientifically well-founded ex-ante policy assessment tools capturing the institutional dimension are still missing. In this paper, we introduce a formalised procedure for modelling – ex-ante – institutional aspects for policy implementation: the ‘Procedure for Institutional Compatibility Assessment’ (PICA). PICA has been designed as an explorative, yet formalised methodology that enables policy makers to identify at an early stage potential institutional incompatibilities. After providing a brief overview of relevant approaches for policy assessment we elaborate on the four distinct steps of PICA and use a core element of the EU Nitrate Directive to illustrate its function.Methodology, Ex-ante Policy Assessment, Institutional Policy Assessment, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy,

    Structural selective charge transfer in iodine-doped carbon nanotubes

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    We have investigated iodine intercalated carbon nanostructures by extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and Raman spectroscopies. We discuss here the charge transfer and the iodine–carbon interaction as a function of the carbon nanostructures (graphite, multi-walled, double-walled and single walled nanotubes). The results show that iodine is weakly adsorbed on the surface of all multi-walled nanotubes. By contrast, a charge transfer between iodine and single walled nanotubes is evidenced

    Ex-ante policy assessment from an institutional perspective: a Procedure for Institutional Compatibility Assessment (PICA)

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    Ex-ante impact assessment of agricultural, environmental, and rural policies has become an integral part of political decision making processes in the EU. While there is a large variety of agri-environmental modelling tools available to analyse likely social, economic, and environmental impacts of these policies, scientifically well-founded ex-ante policy assessment tools capturing institutional dimensions are still missing. In this paper, we introduce a formalised procedure for modelling - ex-ante - institutional aspects for policy implementation: the 'Procedure for Institutional Compatibility Assessment' (PICA). It has recently been developed within the SEAMLESS project as a component of an integrative modelling framework for ex-ante assessment of policy impacts on sustainable development. PICA is based on the assumption that the effectiveness of a policy and the cost-effectiveness of its implementation largely depend on the degree of compatibility between this policy and the institutional context in the respective countries and regions. It has been designed as an explorative and flexible, yet formalised methodology that enables policy makers to identify at an early stage potential institutional incompatibilities. After providing a brief overview of relevant approaches for policy assessment we elaborate on the four distinct steps of PICA and use a core element of the EU Nitrate Directive to illustrate its function

    L’intervention publique paysagùre comme processus normatif

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    Notre analyse interroge la production sociale de normes concomitante Ă  la dĂ©finition et Ă  la mise en place d’interventions publiques paysagĂšres Ă  l’échelle locale. Elle montre que cette production normative s’accompagne d’une Ă©volution dans la façon de nommer certains objets matĂ©riels. Cette nouvelle dĂ©nomination, souvent instable, tĂ©moigne de conflits normatifs, tant certaines normes peuvent ĂȘtre difficiles pour certains acteurs Ă  concilier avec celles appliquĂ©es jusque-lĂ . Notre Ă©tude montre Ă©galement que ces conflits de normes autour des objets matĂ©riels sont autant de signes des usages alternatifs ou combinĂ©s de ces objets. On voit de la sorte que les politiques paysagĂšres ont pour effet de reconnaĂźtre le « multi-usages » de l’espace rural en renforçant les pratiques liĂ©es aux loisirs (randonnĂ©es, visites). Elles lĂ©gitiment en cela l’appropriation de l’espace par le regard, appropriation spĂ©cifique qui accompagne ces pratiques.landscape, local public action, norm, rural area

    Emergence de la notion de service environnemental dans les politiques agricoles en France : l'Ă©bauche d'un changement de paradigme?

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    Cet article traite des modalités d'importation de la notion de service environnemental dans les politiques agricoles en France. Le travail est basé sur une analyse bibliographique et sur des entretiens semi-directifs réalisés de septembre 2009 à mai 2010 auprÚs de 62 représentants des institutions du monde agricole en France

    6 - Émergence tardive des services Ă©cosystĂ©miques en France

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    La notion de service Ă©cosystĂ©mique a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©veloppĂ©e dans la sphĂšre scientifique, avant d’acquĂ©rir une lĂ©gitimitĂ© politique. La notion de service Ă©cosystĂ©mique et l’instrument qui lui est souvent associĂ©, le paiement pour services environnementaux (PSE), rencontrent ensuite un engouement important et sont progressivement incorporĂ©s dans les cadres nationaux et internationaux de rĂ©gulation environnementale oĂč ils font l’objet ..
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