Analysis of the paleoenvieronmental conditions and their evolution during the Aalenian (Middle Jurassic) in the Basque-Cantabrian Basin, based on foraminifera

En la Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica existen afloramientos de materiales que incluyen desde el Toarciense superior al Bajocience inferior, estudiados en trabajos detallados basados en foraminíferos del Aaleniense. En este TFM se han retomado los datos obtenidos por la Dra. María Luisa Canales en su Tesis Doctoral, con el objetivo de obtener nuevos resultados que contribuyan a la caracterización de las condiciones paleoecológicas que se dieron durante el Aaleniense en la Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica, a partir de la aplicación de nuevas metodologías de reconstrucción paleoecológica con foraminíferos bentónicos, que consisten en la interpretación de morfogrupos y la aplicación del Modelo TROX. El análisis de morfogrupos señaló el dominio de las formas calcáreas sobre las aglutinadas, sobre todo de los morfogrupos K (Lenticulina) y J2 (Astacolus). El comportamiento del morfogrupo K, oportunista y con capacidad de ocupar todos los nichos ecológicos bentónicos, fue comparado con el del resto de morfogrupos, de lo cual se obtuvo que el género Lenticulina presenta un comportamiento semejante a los morfogrupos calcáreos de infaunales someros aproximadamente hasta la Subzona Bradfordensis (Biozona Bradfordensis, Aaleniense medio) y posteriormente tiende a asemejarse al de las formas calcáreas epifaunales, por lo que probablemente el hábitat infaunal profundo fue el menos ocupado por este género. El análisis de los microhábitats reflejó el dominio de las formas infaunales someras sobre las epifaunales durante casi todo el intervalo estudiado, excepto en ciertos puntos, especialmente en la Subzona Bradfordensis. La casi ausencia de formas infaunales profundas permite descartar condiciones eutróficas en la cuenca. La aplicación del Modelo TROX a las asociaciones registradas y su integración con los eventos de calentamiento y enfriamiento detectados para la Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica muestran que las condiciones ambientales durante el Aaleniense fueron generalmente mesotróficas, con nutrientes y oxígeno suficientes para permitir asociaciones mixtas de foraminíferos con modos de vida epifaunales e infaunales someros, con mayores porcentajes de infaunales, excepto en momentos casi siempre puntuales y de corta duración con tendencia a la oligotrofia, generalmente en la Subzona Bradfordensis y el límite Aaleniense-Bajociense, coincidiendo con los calentamientos de Bradfordensis y Limitatum-Discites. En los calentamientos se ha constatado la mayor abundancia de formas epifaunales, mientras que la mayor abundancia de infaunales casi siempre coincide con los enfriamientos (Comptum y Gigantea-Concavum). La comparación con estudios sobre paleoproductividad y su relación con las abundancias de las formas infaunales y epifaunales permiten vincular los calentamientos de Bradfordensis y Limitatum-Discites con un bajo nivel de paleoproductividad, mientras que los enfriamientos de Comptum y Gigantea-Concavum estarían vinculados con un aumento de la misma.Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEsubmitte

GEODIVULGAR: Geología y Sociedad

Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasFALSEsubmitte

Geodivulgar: Geología y Sociedad

Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaDepto. de Química InorgánicaDepto. de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales , Sociales y MatemáticasFac. de Ciencias GeológicasFac. de Ciencias QuímicasFac. de EducaciónFALSEsubmitte

Geodivulgar: Geología y Sociedad

Memoria final del Proyecto Innova Docencia 2023-23 nº 58. GEODIVULGAR: Geología y SociedadUCMDepto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasFALSEsubmitte

Comprehensive analysis and insights gained from long-term experience of the Spanish DILI Registry

Altres ajuts: Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER); Agencia Española del Medicamento; Consejería de Salud de Andalucía.Background & Aims: Prospective drug-induced liver injury (DILI) registries are important sources of information on idiosyncratic DILI. We aimed to present a comprehensive analysis of 843 patients with DILI enrolled into the Spanish DILI Registry over a 20-year time period. Methods: Cases were identified, diagnosed and followed prospectively. Clinical features, drug information and outcome data were collected. Results: A total of 843 patients, with a mean age of 54 years (48% females), were enrolled up to 2018. Hepatocellular injury was associated with younger age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] per year 0.983; 95% CI 0.974-0.991) and lower platelet count (aOR per unit 0.996; 95% CI 0.994-0.998). Anti-infectives were the most common causative drug class (40%). Liver-related mortality was more frequent in patients with hepatocellular damage aged ≥65 years (p = 0.0083) and in patients with underlying liver disease (p = 0.0221). Independent predictors of liver-related death/transplantation included nR-based hepatocellular injury, female sex, higher onset aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and bilirubin values. nR-based hepatocellular injury was not associated with 6-month overall mortality, for which comorbidity burden played a more important role. The prognostic capacity of Hy's law varied between causative agents. Empirical therapy (corticosteroids, ursodeoxycholic acid and MARS) was prescribed to 20% of patients. Drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis patients (26 cases) were mainly females (62%) with hepatocellular damage (92%), who more frequently received immunosuppressive therapy (58%). Conclusions: AST elevation at onset is a strong predictor of poor outcome and should be routinely assessed in DILI evaluation. Mortality is higher in older patients with hepatocellular damage and patients with underlying hepatic conditions. The Spanish DILI Registry is a valuable tool in the identification of causative drugs, clinical signatures and prognostic risk factors in DILI and can aid physicians in DILI characterisation and management. Lay summary: Clinical information on drug-induced liver injury (DILI) collected from enrolled patients in the Spanish DILI Registry can guide physicians in the decision-making process. We have found that older patients with hepatocellular type liver injury and patients with additional liver conditions are at a higher risk of mortality. The type of liver injury, patient sex and analytical values of aspartate aminotransferase and total bilirubin can also help predict clinical outcomes

Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study an international prospective cohort study

We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care. We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care