Development of Basic Ability and Instruction Suitable for Each Student in Special Education : Based on Intoroduction and Practice of Optional Subject

We introduced optional subject into the curriculum of special class at the current year. Consequently, instruction which was more suitable for all the students' actual condition was able to be carried out, and all the students have learned very enthusiastically. Three points were suggested as a result. First, clarify a problem of each student by three people (the student, the guardian, and the teacher) at early time of the year. Secondarily, make an appropriate class according to the clarified problem. Thirdly, make the student choose the subject by various viewpoints. The follwing year, we are also going to improve optional subject and to aim at fixing of the basis to each students

Isolation and function of mouse tissue resident vascular precursors marked by myelin protein zero

Newly identified tissue-resident vascular precursor cells are recruited into growing vessels and contribute to vasculogenesis in adult mice

The Creation of School Education Bringing up a Student Carrying Tomorrow (3) : The Valuation of "Compulsory Subjects", "Optional Subjects", and "Integrated Subjects"

The purpose of this study is to show the valuation of "Compulsory Subjects", "Optional Subjects", and "Integrated Subjects", to show the relationship between each subjects and "three abilities", "the ability of recognizing othere senses of value", "the ability of self-expression and communication" and "the ability of decision-making" which defined by the project members. The main result of this study is that we should make up the standards which teachers, students and parents recognize as important abilities

Training and Evaluation of Expression / Communication Capability in Special Education : Aiming at Training of a Richer and Brawny Life Capability

We considered the changes in communication of the students in our junior high school special education class. It was clearly shown that the capability which should be learned in a junior high school stage can be determined by predicting the capability which is probably needed for them in the future. There are more possibilities to widen their communication methods besides what they had already acquired

A study on the effect of teachers' guidance for student teachers at Shinonome Elementary & Jr. High schools, based on statistical analysis of pre- & post -questionnaires.

本研究は教科, 学年などの違いは考慮せず学校単位での実習指導の効果検討を目的としている。実習を通した実習生の意識変容から効果を分析するため, 附属東雲小および東雲中を調査校として実習生対象に事前, 事後アンケートを行った。事前では両校で自信があること, 自信がないことをそれぞれ選択肢から強く思う順に3項目を選択させた。その結果, 東雲中で自信がないことでは教科内容の理解・技能と授業のプラン, 自信があることでは着実な勤務が最も多い。また, 事後で自信が持てたことは子どもとのコミュニケーション, 課題となったことでは教科内容の理解・技能が最も多い。授業のプラン, 子どもの考えの把握, 指導案をどう書くかは事前と比べ事後で自信の度合が有意に高く, 板書では低下していた。東雲小の事前で自信がないことは授業をどう進めるか, 自信があることでは着実な勤務が最も多い。さらに東雲中の実習指導の具体的目標である教壇に立つ意欲の高まりに対する教員の指導の貢献を最適尺度法で解析した結果, 授業評価が最も重要度が高い。東雲小の同様な目標に対しては子ども理解が最も重要度が高いことが明らかとなった

An Open-Label, Prospective Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Prophylactic Antibiotics after Diagnostic Bronchoscopy

The aim of this study was to prospectively examine the effect of prophylactic antibiotic use on the development of respiratory infections and on the worsening of symptoms after diagnostic fiberoptic bronchoscopy procedures. This study was an open-label, multicenter, controlled, clinical trial. Patients were alternately assigned to a group given prophylactic antibiotics after bronchoscopy (prophylaxis(+) group) and a group not given antibiotic prophylaxis after bronchoscopy (prophylaxis(-) group), and they were followed-up for 1 week. 158 patients were assigned to the prophylaxis(-) group and 153 to the prophylaxis(+) group. Therapeutic antibiotic administration was needed in 3 patients (1.90%) in the prophylaxis(-) group and 5 patients (3.27%) in the prophylaxis(+) group (risk ratio 1.014, 95% confidence interval 0.978-1.052; p=0.446). Worsening of symptoms after bronchoscopy occurred in 57.6% of all patients by day 7, but no significant differences were observed between the 2 study groups. Prophylactic antibiotic use after bronchoscopy did not prevent the development of infectious events and worsening of symptoms, suggesting that prophylactic antibiotics might not be necessary for routine diagnostic bronchoscopic procedures

An Open-Label, Prospective Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Prophylactic Antibiotics after Diagnostic Bronchoscopy

The aim of this study was to prospectively examine the effect of prophylactic antibiotic use on the development of respiratory infections and on the worsening of symptoms after diagnostic fiberoptic bronchoscopy procedures. This study was an open-label, multicenter, controlled, clinical trial. Patients were alternately assigned to a group given prophylactic antibiotics after bronchoscopy (prophylaxis(+) group) and a group not given antibiotic prophylaxis after bronchoscopy (prophylaxis(-) group), and they were followed-up for 1 week. 158 patients were assigned to the prophylaxis(-) group and 153 to the prophylaxis(+) group. Therapeutic antibiotic administration was needed in 3 patients (1.90%) in the prophylaxis(-) group and 5 patients (3.27%) in the prophylaxis(+) group (risk ratio 1.014, 95% confidence interval 0.978-1.052; p=0.446). Worsening of symptoms after bronchoscopy occurred in 57.6% of all patients by day 7, but no significant differences were observed between the 2 study groups. Prophylactic antibiotic use after bronchoscopy did not prevent the development of infectious events and worsening of symptoms, suggesting that prophylactic antibiotics might not be necessary for routine diagnostic bronchoscopic procedures

Bicarbonate signalling via G protein-coupled receptor regulates ischaemia-reperfusion injury

Abstract Homoeostatic regulation of the acid–base balance is essential for cellular functional integrity. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism through which the acid–base balance regulates cellular responses. Here, we report that bicarbonate ions activate a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), i.e., GPR30, which leads to Gq-coupled calcium responses. Gpr30-Venus knock-in mice reveal predominant expression of GPR30 in brain mural cells. Primary culture and fresh isolation of brain mural cells demonstrate bicarbonate-induced, GPR30-dependent calcium responses. GPR30-deficient male mice are protected against ischemia-reperfusion injury by a rapid blood flow recovery. Collectively, we identify a bicarbonate-sensing GPCR in brain mural cells that regulates blood flow and ischemia–reperfusion injury. Our results provide a perspective on the modulation of GPR30 signalling in the development of innovative therapies for ischaemic stroke. Moreover, our findings provide perspectives on acid/base sensing GPCRs, concomitantly modulating cellular responses depending on fluctuating ion concentrations under the acid–base homoeostasis