Influence of Family Structure and Functionality on Immunization Status of Infants Attending GOPC of BMC Saki

Introduction: Vaccine-preventable diseases are endemic in Nigeria, and contribute greatly to childhood morbidities and mortalities. Good family structure has been reported to improve children's wellbeing, health and eating habit, but the contribution of family structure together with family functionality on immunization status has not been documented. Overall, the goal of the research was to determine the level of immunization status in the study population, assess their knowledge of immunization and determine what influence family structure and functionality have on children's immunization status.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2016 in the General outpatient clinic (GOPC) of Baptist Medical Centre (BMC), Saki, Oyo State. Family APGAR Scale and self-design questionnaire were used to collect data from 299 respondents using systematic sampling technique. A SPSS (version 21) was used for the analysis.Results: Our results showed that 82.9% of the respondents were fully immunized and 98% had knowledge about Immunization. Majority of the respondents came from functional families, accounting for 85.6% of cases. The following factors were found to be statistically significantly  associated with immunization status: family functionality (X2 = 101.694, P = 0.000), family type (p value =0.000), family size (p value = 0.000), ethnic group (p value = 0.000) and number of children (P value = 0.000)Conclusion: Our findings showed that there is an adequate knowledge of immunization in the study population, and that a child's immunization status is significantly influenced by the family structure and functionality. However, given the fact that this is a single, hospital-based study, several multi-center studies would have to be employed not just to validate this conclusion but also to inform policy making. Keywords: Immunization status, family structure, family functionality, vaccine, health facility, Nigeria   French Title: Influence de la structure familiale et de la fonctionnalité sur le statut de vaccination des nourrissons assistant au GOPC de BMC, Saki Les morts évitables par la vaccination restent endémiques et contribuent de manière significative à la morbidité infantile au Nigéria et il a été reconnu qu'une bonne structure familiale améliore le bien-être, la santé et les habitudes alimentaires des enfants, mais la contribution de la structure et de la fonctionnalité de la famille au statut vaccinal n'est pas encore établie. Le but de cette étude est de déterminer le niveau  d'immunisation des répondants, d'évaluer leurs connaissances en matière d'immunisation et de déterminer l'influence de la structure et de la fonctionnalité de la famille sur l'état de vaccination. Méthode de l'étude: Une étude descriptive transversale a été menée en 2016 dans la clinique externe générale (GOPC) du Baptist Medical Center (BMC), Saki, dans l'état d'Oyo. L'échelle familiale APGAR et le questionnaire d'auto-conception ont été employés pour recueillir des données auprès de 299 répondants à l'aide d'une technique d'échantillonnage systématique. Un SPSS (version 21) a été utilisé pour l'analyse. Résultats de l'étude: Les résultats ont révélé que la majorité (82,9%) des répondants était entièrement immunisée et que 98% avaient des connaissances sur la vaccination. La majorité des répondants (85,6%) étaient issus de familles fonctionnelles. La fonctionnalité de la famille était statistiquement significative sur le statut vaccinal (X2 = 101,694, P = 0,000) ainsi que sur certaines composantes de la structure familiale: type de famille (P = 0,000), taille de la famille (P = 0,000), groupe ethnique (P = 0,000), et nombre d'enfants (P = 0,000)Conclusion: Les répondants avaient une connaissance adéquate de la vaccination. De plus, la fonctionnalité familiale et la structure familiale influencent le statut vaccinal des nourrissons. Par conséquent, d'autres études devraient être menées sur l'influence de la fonctionnalité et de la structure de la famille sur le statut vaccinal en utilisant une approche multicentrique. Mots-clés: Immunisation, fonctionnalité familiale, structure familiale, vaccin

Right psoas abscess following right flank trauma: a case report

Iliopsoas abscess which was first described by Mynter in 1881 as "psoitis"; is a collection of pus in the iliopsoas compartment.1,2 It is a relatively rare disease and a high index of clinical suspicion, the past and recent history of the patient and imaging studies can be helpful in diagnosing the disease.4This is a case of 15 year old boy who presented with three weeks history of right flank pain, two weeks history of fever and five days history of inability to walk well. There was history of right flank trauma a week before the onset of right flank pain. He had earlier presented in two different hospitals before he was brought to our facility but there was no improvement in his condition due to lack of appropriate diagnosis and treatment. However, following the correct diagnosis of psoas abscess, he was managed with antibiotics, analgesics, nutritional support and incision and drainage with significant success. Hence, appropriate diagnosis and early skillful intervention are important in the management of psoas abscess; and family physician who is the first point of contact for patient in health care system must be proficient in this skills and where the skill is not available, he/she must provide referral.Keywords: Right iliopsoas abscess, Psoitis, flank trauma, right flank pain, family physicia

Family support and blood pressure pattern in adult patients attending Baptist Medical Centre, Saki

Background: Hypertension has been reported to be a major problem of the black race. Hypertension has a high impact on the economy and quality of life of individuals with important implications for resource expenditures. The prevalence of hypertension is increasing worldwide but awareness, treatment and control rates are very poor. Hence, this study aimed to determine the pattern of hypertension and level of family support among adult patients at Baptist Medical Centre Saki, with the aim of improving their management with family involvement.Methods: Two hundred and fifty four adult patients aged 18 years and above were recruited into the descriptive cross sectional study through a systematic random sampling. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and family APGAR questionnaire. The diagnosis of hypertension was based on blood pressure (BP) threshold of 140/90 mmHg according to JNC VII guidelines definitions. Data was analyzed using Stata statistical software (Version 10).Results: The mean age and BP of the participants were 40.5±13.4 years and 131/84 mmHg respectively. Of the participants, (21.3%) had a BP of greater than or equal to 140/90 mmHg. Only 21.7% of respondents had good knowledge and awareness of hypertension. Majority, 76.8% of respondents had good family support while most of the respondents with poor to fair family support had stages I and II hypertension. Hypertension was significantly associated with age, obesity, family history of obesity and hypertension, consumption of stimulants, educational level and socio economic class.Conclusions: This study showed that hypertension is still prevalent in the primary care population. Family involvement in the management is very important to the family physician to be able to care adequately for the varied patients seen in clinical practice.Keywords: Hypertension, Family Support, Awareness, Control, Family Physicia

Socio-demographic and behavioural correlates of the malaria prevention methods utilised by families of under-five children diagnosed with malaria at Baptist Medical Centre, Saki

Background: Malaria; a preventable disease is the 3rd leading cause of death for children under five years worldwide, after pneumonia and diarrheal disease. Malaria is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions in a broad band around the equator, including much of Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and the Americas. It inflicts significant costs on households and on the economy of malaria endemic countries. However, little information is available on malaria prevention practices, their determinant and behavioural correlates especially among under-five children in Nigeria. Hence, this study aimed to determine the socio-demographic and behavioural correlates of malaria prevention methods utilised by families of under-five children diagnosed with malaria at Baptist Medical Centre, Saki, by identifying the malaria prevention methods utilised among the study population, evaluate the use of malaria prevention methods among the study population, evaluate the relationship between socio-demographic factors and the use of malaria prevention methods and finally, to determine the behavioural correlates of the use of malaria prevention methods among the study population.Methods: Four hundred and six children aged 6-59 months and their mothers/caregivers from Saki and its environs, attending clinic at Baptist Medical Centre, Saki were recruited into the descriptive cross-sectional hospital based study through a systematic random sampling between July 2014 and November 2014. Data was collected using interviewer administered questionnaire and clinical evaluation. The diagnosis of malaria was based on malaria microscopy examination according to WHO recommendation. The data was analyzed using SPSS 15.0.1 Statistical package.Results: The male to female ratio was 1.18:1. Mothers were the primary care-giver of these subjects; accounting for 79.3%. Of the total subjects, 22.4% were from polygamous settings while the remaining percentages were from monogamous settings. Majority of the fathers and mothers, 37.4% and 33.3% respectively had tertiary education. Trading was the major occupation of parents. Majority of the respondents (43.8%) lived in flats, 68.5% and 76.6% had window and door nets respectively. Two hundred and ninety one (71.7%) of the respondents lived in a well cleared environment. Largest percentages of the respondents belong to social class 3. The commonest symptoms presented by the subjects were fever alone and fever with one other symptom. About one-third of the respondents had no idea about the symptom causation and nearly the same proportion attributed it to mosquito bites. More than half of the respondents gave drugs to their children before presenting in the hospital and 23.9% did nothing. The commonly employed strategy for preventing children from having malaria was netting of windows and doorways. Majority of the respondents (60.8%) believe malaria can be prevented. About 90% of the respondents were aware of netting of windows and doors as a method of preventing malaria and almost the same proportion utilized window and door nets for malaria prevention. With binary logistic regression analysis, mother's education level, mother's occupation and father's monthly income were the significant predictors of use of some recommended malaria control methods among the study population.Conclusion: This study has unveiled the various malaria prevention methods utilised by mothers of under-five children diagnosed with malaria at Baptist Medical Centre, Saki. Family's behavioural perspectives on the child's illness vis-a-vis family assessment of symptoms causation and initial intervention instituted were also explored. The utilization/practice of malaria preventive methods in the study population was strongly associated with mothers' education, mothers' occupation and fathers' income. It is therefore important that the family physician should health educate the parents of under-five children on available malaria preventive measures.Keywords: Malaria prevention, socio-demographic, behavioural correlates, under-five, Family physicia

Family support and blood pressure pattern in adult patients attending Baptist Medical Centre, Saki

Background: Hypertension has been reported to be a major problem of the black race. Hypertension has a high impact on the economy and quality of life of individuals with important implications for resource expenditures. The prevalence of hypertension is increasing worldwide but awareness, treatment and control rates are very poor. Hence, this study aimed to determine the pattern of hypertension and level of family support among adult patients at Baptist Medical Centre Saki, with the aim of improving their management with family involvement.Methods: Two hundred and fifty four adult patients aged 18 years and above were recruited into the descriptive cross sectional study through a systematic random sampling. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and family APGAR questionnaire. The diagnosis of hypertension was based on blood pressure (BP) threshold of 140/90 mmHg according to JNC VII guidelines definitions. Data was analyzed using Stata statistical software (Version 10).Results: The mean age and BP of the participants were 40.5±13.4 years and 131/84 mmHg respectively. Of the participants, (21.3%) had a BP of greater than or equal to 140/90 mmHg. Only 21.7% of respondents had good knowledge and awareness of hypertension. Majority, 76.8% of respondents had good family support while most of the respondents with poor to fair family support had stages I and II hypertension. Hypertension was significantly associated with age, obesity, family history of obesity and hypertension, consumption of stimulants, educational level and socio economic class.Conclusions: This study showed that hypertension is still prevalent in the primary care population. Family involvement in the management is very important to the family physician to be able to care adequately for the varied patients seen in clinical practice.Keywords: Hypertension, Family Support, Awareness, Control, Family Physicia