The Effects Of Ellipical Cross Training on VO2 max in Recently Trained Runners

This study examined the effects of elliptical cross training on VO2max in recently-trained runners. 12 female and 8 male participants (mean SD; age = 23.70 6.33 years, body mass index = 24.85 5.89 kg/m2) completed an initial four-week run training program, exercising four days/week, 30 minutes/day, at 80% maximal heart rate. VO2max was predicted based on the duration of a Bruce graded-maximal treadmill test (GXT) prior to and after the run training. After initial training phase and post-test, subjects volunteered for the detrain group (n = 6) or were assigned to the run (n = 7) or elliptical (n = 7) based on a matched-pair design. Elliptical and run groups exercised three weeks under same prescription as initial program. GXT again performed after mode-specific training phase. VO2max (ml/kg/min) increased (p \u3c 0.001) from the pre-training (39.89 10.74) to post-training (41.66 10.90) after the initial run training program. Although not statistically significant, VO2max declined (0.8% running, 1.5% elliptical, and 4.8% detraining) for all groups following the additional mode-specific program. Despite declines, repeated measures ANOVA showed no significant differences within or between groups before and after the mode-specific training phase. However, dependent sample t-test did reveal a decline (p \u3c 0.05) in GXT time (minutes) for the detrain group from before (11.01 2.80) and after (10.54 2.72) their detrain phase. Future research should determine if elliptical exercise maintains VO2max when away from running for longer periods. KEY WORDS: Elliptical, VO2max, Run, Cross Trai

Comparison of Portable Metabolic Devices during Walking, Jogging, and Running

Oxygen uptake measurements enable performance professionals, clinicians, and scientists to quantify energy expenditure and aerobic work capacity for various purposes. Devices that accurately detect the composition of expired gases and changes in oxygen uptake, open new possibilities in research methodology and accessibility. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the O2 uptake measurements of the VO2 Master Pro (VM) to the Cosmed K5 (K5) during walking, jogging, and running in field and lab conditions. METHODS: Twelve proficient runners, with a current 10k pace \u3c 5:19 min/km, performed 3 matched intervals at 3 different speeds (4.82, 8.05, 11.27 kph) on a treadmill and on an outdoor track while expired gasses were measured. Each interval was 10 minutes and data from minutes 6-9 were averaged for comparisons. An airflow test was performed on both devices by forcing air through the devices using a 3 L syringe timed to a metronome at 15, 25, and 35 strokes/min. RESULTS: During walking intervals, the VM did not report data for the majority of participants, and therefore were excluded from analysis. Jogging and running measurements were analyzed using a repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison test to analyze pairwise comparisons. The indoor running analysis revealed significant differences in VO2 (3017 vs. 1880 ml/min), VE (71 vs 57 ml/min), and TV (1.89 vs 1.56 L) between the K5 and VM respectively (p \u3c .023). Outdoor analysis revealed a significant difference between devices in VO2, VE­, and TV (p \u3c .035). The airflow test also demonstrated significant differences between the devices in VE and TV (p \u3c .001). Neither the jogging nor running analysis showed a significant difference in FeO2 or HR (p \u3e .16). CONCLUSION: We concluded that there were significant discrepancies between the K5 and the VM due to differences in TV measurement

Improving Ground Penetrating Radar Imaging in High Loss Environments by Coordinated System Development, Data Processing, Numerical Modeling, and Visualization methods with Applications to Site Characterization

The Department of Energy has identified the location and characterization of subsurface contaminants and the charcterization of the subsurface as a priority need. Many DOE facilities are in need of subsurface imaging in the vadose and saturated zones

Expressions 1982

This fifth edition of EXPRESSIONS is the culmination of student efforts in the 1982 Creative Writing Contest, Campus Chronicle Photography Contest, Art and Commercial Art courses at Des Moines Area Community College. Journalism students did the design, typography and lay-out work necessary to bring these efforts together in this 1982 edition of EXPRESSIONS.https://openspace.dmacc.edu/expressions/1004/thumbnail.jp

The effects of an employee fitness program on worker productivity, absenteeism, and health care cost

Typescript (photocopy).Forty-five sedentary volunteers, employed by Westinghouse Corporation, completed pre-, mid-, and post-test evaluations and served as subjects for this investigation. Subjects underwent evaluations for maximum oxygen uptake, percent body fat, blood lipids, job-related tension, and job satisfaction. A 6-month pre-study baseline was established for the variables of productivity and absenteeism and these variables were monitored continuously during the study. Health care cost for the 24-week treatment period was monitored and used for comparison between groups. Subjects were randomly assigned to either an exercise or control group. Control group members were asked to refrain from engaging in physical activities, beyond their normal daily routine, while exercise group members participated in aerobic training sessions a minimum of 3 days per week for a duration of 24 weeks. Analysis of variance results indicate that the exercise group showed significant (p<.05) improvement for maximum oxygen uptake and percent body fat. Both groups showed a significant (p<.05) reduction in total cholesterol, while the exercise group showed a significant (p<.05) increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Results for job-related tension and job satisfaction were nonsignificant. Differences for productivity, absenteeism, and health care cost were also found to be nonsignificant

The effects of an employee fitness program on worker productivity, absenteeism, and health care cost

Typescript (photocopy).Forty-five sedentary volunteers, employed by Westinghouse Corporation, completed pre-, mid-, and post-test evaluations and served as subjects for this investigation. Subjects underwent evaluations for maximum oxygen uptake, percent body fat, blood lipids, job-related tension, and job satisfaction. A 6-month pre-study baseline was established for the variables of productivity and absenteeism and these variables were monitored continuously during the study. Health care cost for the 24-week treatment period was monitored and used for comparison between groups. Subjects were randomly assigned to either an exercise or control group. Control group members were asked to refrain from engaging in physical activities, beyond their normal daily routine, while exercise group members participated in aerobic training sessions a minimum of 3 days per week for a duration of 24 weeks. Analysis of variance results indicate that the exercise group showed significant (p<.05) improvement for maximum oxygen uptake and percent body fat. Both groups showed a significant (p<.05) reduction in total cholesterol, while the exercise group showed a significant (p<.05) increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Results for job-related tension and job satisfaction were nonsignificant. Differences for productivity, absenteeism, and health care cost were also found to be nonsignificant

The effects of elliptical cross training on VO2 max in recently trained runners

This study examined the effects of elliptical cross training on VO2max in recently trained runners. 12 female and 8 male participants (mean ± SD; age = 23.70 ±6.33 years, body mass index = 24.85 ± 5.89 kg/m2) completed an initial four-week run training program, exercising four days/week, 30 minutes/day, at 80% maximal heart rate. VO2max was predicted based on the duration of a Bruce graded-maximal treadmill test (GXT) prior to and after the run training. After initial training phase and post-test, subjects volunteered for the detrain group (n = 6) or were assigned to the run (n= 7) or elliptical (n= 7) based on a matched-pair design. Elliptical and run groups exercised three weeks under same prescription as initial program. GXT again performed after mode-specific training phase. VO2max (ml/kg/min) increased (p < 0.001) from the pre-training (39.89 ± 10.74) to post-training (41.66 ± 10.90) after the initial run training program. Although not statistically significant, VO2max declined(0.8% running, 1.5% elliptical, and 4.8% detraining) for all groups following the additional mode-specific program. Despite declines, repeated measures ANOVA showed no significant differences within or between groups before and after the mode-specific training phase. However, dependent sample t-test did reveal a decline (p < 0.05) in GXT time (minutes) for the detrain group from before (11.01 ± 2.80) and after (10.54 ± 2.72) their detrain phase. Future research should determine if elliptical exercise maintains VO2max when away from running for longer periods

HandBook Of Material & Capacity Requirements Planning

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Caloric Expenditure Estimation Differences between an Elliptical Machine and Indirect Calorimetry

Objectives Many people are interested in tracking caloric intake and expenditure for weight management purposes. It is difficult to accurately track exercise expenditure, and people may rely on the information reported by exercise equipment as it is easily available. This study examined the caloric estimation differences between the algorithm used by an elliptical machine and an indirect calorimetry device. Methods Participants were 34 adults with 20 females (25 ± 8.47 years; 1.64 ± 0.08 m, 62.37 ± 10.81 kg) and 14 males (25.07 ± 5.46 years; 1.75 ± 0.06 m, 84.02 ± 12.33 kg). The caloric expenditure information from each device was compared to examine difference overall, in 5 minute intervals, and between males and females. Results There was a significant difference in overall caloric expenditure (t33 = 22.27, p < .001). The difference in caloric expenditure estimation methods was not significantly different for males and females (t32 = 2.01, p = .05). Conclusions Elliptical machines appear to overestimate caloric expenditure by a large number of calories. As is often stated, caution should be used when relying on exercise equipment for caloric expenditure information. Based on this data, individuals should expect caloric expenditure to be overestimated by approximately 100 calories each 30 min of exercise performed on elliptical equipment at moderate intensity